WRF案例运行-Single Domain Case
2024-05-04 06:57:09
1、相关说明
本次案例是利用WRF进行Single Domain Case的模拟，模拟的区域是中国西北和青藏地区。如果还没安装和配置好WRF,可以先看我这篇博客WRF模型配置。
参考资料有：1、Single Domain Case - Hurricane Matthew 2、WRF官网案例运行
2、知识准备
2.1 WRF案例运行基本流程，如下图所示：
2.2 WPS中三个模块的作用：
（1）geogrid:确定模式区域并把静态地理数据插值到格点。
（2）ungrib:从GRIB格式的数据中提取气象要素场。
（3）metgrid:把提取出的气象要素场水平插值到由geogrid确定的网格点上。
3、Setup the Model domain (geogrid.exe)
3.1 下载静态地理数据
打开这个网址wps_files（这里基本上包括了模型运行基本上所有的静态地理数据。最后运行geogrid.exe时，遇到数据不全时，也可以直接在里面下载）。下载geog_10m.tar.gz，它其中包括地形和土地用途分类等字段。下载后将geog_10m.tar.gz放在Build_WRF目录，直接将其解压在Build_WRF中。
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ tar -zxvf geog_10m.tar.gz
将解压出来的geog文件夹重命名为WPS_GEOG：
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ mv geog WPS_GEOG
3.2 编辑namelist.wps
Make the following changes:
Note 1: As we are only interested in domain 1, you can ignore all values in the second column.
Note 2:For detailed explanations of these variables, as well as suggestions for best practices, see the Best PracticesWPS Namelist page .
打开namelist.wps，并对其进行修改：
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ cd WPS-4.1/
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ nano namelist.wps
&share
wrf_core = ‘ARW’,
max_dom = 1,
start_date = ‘2000-01-24_12:00:00’,
end_date = ‘2000-01-26_00:00:00’,
interval_seconds = 21600
io_form_geogrid = 2,
/
&geogrid
parent_id = 1,
parent_grid_ratio = 1,
i_parent_start = 1,
j_parent_start = 1,
e_we = 100,
e_sn = 100,
geog_data_res = ‘default’,
dx = 27000,
dy = 27000,
map_proj = ‘mercator’,
ref_lat = 41,
ref_lon = 86,
truelat1 = 30.0,
truelat2 = 60.0,
stand_lon = 86,
geog_data_path = ‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/’
/
按照以上参数设置对自己的namelist.wps文件进行修改。注意geog_data_path = '/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/'一定要换成自己的路径，然后就可以保存后退出（ctrl+s,ctrl+x)。
3.3 运行geogrid.exe之前，确保模拟域在正确的位置
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ncl util/plotgrids_new.ncl
执行完以上代码后，模型会弹出以下这个图，说明我们的模型域设置是对的。
3.4 运行geogrid.exe
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ./geogrid.exe
如果你是进行WRF模拟，大概率会出现以下的情况：
Parsed 28 entries in GEOGRID.TBL
Processing domain 1 of 1
ERROR: Could not open
/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/orogwd_10m/con/index
application called MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 22077) - process 0
这时你需要到wps_files上去下载缺失的数据。比如上面的错误就是缺少orogwd_10m这个数据集，这时就需要去下载orogwd_10m，然后把数据放入WPS_GEOG中，最后解压，继续执行./geogrid.exe，直到所需的数据补充完即可。最后运行后结果如下：
Parsed 28 entries in GEOGRID.TBLProcessing domain 1 of 1Processing XLAT and XLONGProcessing MAPFACProcessing F and EProcessing ROTANGProcessing LANDUSEFCalculating landmask from LANDUSEF ( WATER = 17 21 )Processing HGT_MProcessing SOILTEMPProcessing SOILCTOPProcessing SCT_DOMProcessing SOILCBOTProcessing SCB_DOMProcessing ALBEDO12MProcessing GREENFRACProcessing LAI12MProcessing SNOALBProcessing CONProcessing VARProcessing OA1Processing OA2Processing OA3Processing OA4Processing OL1Processing OL2Processing OL3Processing OL4Processing VAR_SSOProcessing LAKE_DEPTHOptional fields not processed by geogrid:URB_PARAM (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/NUDAPT44_1km/’)FRC_URB2D (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/urbfrac_nlcd2011/’)IMPERV (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/nlcd2011_imp_ll_9s/’)CANFRA (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/nlcd2011_can_ll_9s/’)EROD (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/erod/’)CLAYFRAC (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/clayfrac_5m/’)SANDFRAC (priority=1, resolution=‘default’, path=‘/home/test/Build_WRF/WPS_GEOG/sandfrac_5m/’)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! Successful completion of geogrid. !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
3.5 检查静态文件geo_em.d01
运行成功后会在WPS-4.1文件夹中生成geo_em.d01文件，这个文件可以用ncview 软件查看。关于如何安装ncview，可自行百度。
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ncview geo_em.d01.nc
结果如下：
4、Unpack input GRIB data (ungrib.exe)
我们计划将此案例研究用于许多不同的模型运行，包括将SST数据添加到模型运行的示例。在开始之前，让我们先打开数据。
4.1 创建DATA文件夹
如果尚未创建用于放置输入数据的目录，请立即创建。出于组织目的，请在与WPS/和WRF/目录相同的级别创建DATA目录。
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ mkdir DATA
4.2 下载JAN00_GFS_FNL
从官网上下载JAN00_GFS_FNL.tar.gz放入刚刚创建好的DATA文件夹中，并进行解压。数据说明：1、FNL数据集指的是 Final Reanalysis Data再分析数据集，是由美国气象环境预报中心（NCEP）和美国国家大气研究中心（NCAR）联合制作的，他们采用了当今最先进的全球资料同化系统和完善的数据库，对各种来源（地面、船舶、无线电探空、测风气球、飞机、卫星等）的观测资料进行质量控制和同化处理，获得了一套完整的再分析资料集，它不仅包含的要素多，范围广，而且延伸的时段长，是一个综合的数据集。2、FNL数据集和GFS数据集虽有联系，但在同一资料同化和预报系统中却有不同的产品。它们共享相同的基础模型和数据同化技术。它们包含相同的数据源——但是在gfs和fnl的初始条件中吸收的“真实”数据的数量有细微的差别。详细见FNL再分析数据和GFS数据之间的区别和联系。
test@test:~/Build_WRF/DATA$ tar -zxvf JAN00_GFS_FNL.tar.gz
JAN00/
JAN00/fnl_20000124_12_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000125_06_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000125_12_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000125_18_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000124_18_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000126_00_00.grib1
JAN00/fnl_20000125_00_00.grib1
4.3 让我们通过在其中一个数据文件上运行g1print来熟悉数据：
test@test:~/Build_WRF/DATA$ cd ../
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ cd WPS-4.1/
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ./util/g1print.exe ../DATA/JAN00/fnl_20000124_12_00.grib1
最终结果如下：
Copen: File = ../DATA/JAN00/fnl_20000124_12_00.grib1
Fortran Unit = 0
UNIX File descriptor: 3----------------------------------------------------rec GRIB GRIB Lvl Lvl Lvl Time FcstNum Code name Code one two hour
----------------------------------------------------1 7 HGT 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 002 7 HGT 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 003 7 HGT 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 004 7 HGT 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 005 7 HGT 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 006 7 HGT 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 007 7 HGT 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 008 7 HGT 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 009 7 HGT 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0010 7 HGT 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0011 7 HGT 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0012 7 HGT 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0013 7 HGT 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0014 7 HGT 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0015 7 HGT 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0016 7 HGT 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0017 7 HGT 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0018 7 HGT 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0019 7 HGT 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0020 7 HGT 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0021 7 HGT 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0022 7 HGT 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0023 7 HGT 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0024 7 HGT 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0025 7 HGT 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0026 7 HGT 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0027 11 TMP 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0028 11 TMP 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0029 11 TMP 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0030 11 TMP 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0031 11 TMP 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0032 11 TMP 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0033 11 TMP 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0034 11 TMP 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0035 11 TMP 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0036 11 TMP 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0037 11 TMP 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0038 11 TMP 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0039 11 TMP 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0040 11 TMP 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0041 11 TMP 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0042 11 TMP 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0043 11 TMP 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0044 11 TMP 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0045 11 TMP 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0046 11 TMP 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0047 11 TMP 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0048 11 TMP 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0049 11 TMP 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0050 11 TMP 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0051 11 TMP 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0052 11 TMP 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0053 39 V VEL 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0054 39 V VEL 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0055 39 V VEL 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0056 39 V VEL 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0057 39 V VEL 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0058 39 V VEL 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0059 39 V VEL 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0060 39 V VEL 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0061 39 V VEL 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0062 39 V VEL 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0063 39 V VEL 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0064 39 V VEL 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0065 39 V VEL 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0066 39 V VEL 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0067 39 V VEL 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0068 39 V VEL 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0069 39 V VEL 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0070 39 V VEL 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0071 39 V VEL 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0072 39 V VEL 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0073 39 V VEL 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0074 52 R H 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0075 52 R H 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0076 52 R H 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0077 52 R H 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0078 52 R H 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0079 52 R H 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0080 52 R H 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0081 52 R H 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0082 52 R H 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0083 52 R H 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0084 52 R H 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0085 52 R H 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0086 52 R H 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0087 52 R H 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0088 52 R H 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0089 52 R H 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0090 52 R H 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0091 52 R H 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0092 52 R H 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0093 52 R H 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0094 52 R H 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0095 41 ABS V 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0096 41 ABS V 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0097 41 ABS V 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0098 41 ABS V 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 0099 41 ABS V 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00100 41 ABS V 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00101 41 ABS V 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00102 41 ABS V 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00103 41 ABS V 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00104 41 ABS V 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00105 41 ABS V 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00106 41 ABS V 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00107 41 ABS V 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00108 41 ABS V 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00109 41 ABS V 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00110 41 ABS V 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00111 41 ABS V 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00112 41 ABS V 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00113 41 ABS V 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00114 41 ABS V 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00115 41 ABS V 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00116 41 ABS V 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00117 41 ABS V 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00118 41 ABS V 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00119 41 ABS V 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00120 41 ABS V 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00121 154 O3MR 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00122 154 O3MR 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00123 154 O3MR 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00124 154 O3MR 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00125 154 O3MR 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00126 154 O3MR 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00127 222 5WAVH 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00128 33 U GRD 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00129 33 U GRD 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00130 33 U GRD 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00131 33 U GRD 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00132 33 U GRD 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00133 33 U GRD 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00134 33 U GRD 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00135 33 U GRD 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00136 33 U GRD 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00137 33 U GRD 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00138 33 U GRD 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00139 33 U GRD 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00140 33 U GRD 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00141 33 U GRD 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00142 33 U GRD 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00143 33 U GRD 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00144 33 U GRD 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00145 33 U GRD 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00146 33 U GRD 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00147 33 U GRD 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00148 33 U GRD 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00149 33 U GRD 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00150 33 U GRD 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00151 33 U GRD 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00152 33 U GRD 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00153 33 U GRD 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00154 34 V GRD 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00155 34 V GRD 100 975 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00156 34 V GRD 100 950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00157 34 V GRD 100 925 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00158 34 V GRD 100 900 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00159 34 V GRD 100 850 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00160 34 V GRD 100 800 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00161 34 V GRD 100 750 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00162 34 V GRD 100 700 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00163 34 V GRD 100 650 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00164 34 V GRD 100 600 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00165 34 V GRD 100 550 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00166 34 V GRD 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00167 34 V GRD 100 450 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00168 34 V GRD 100 400 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00169 34 V GRD 100 350 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00170 34 V GRD 100 300 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00171 34 V GRD 100 250 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00172 34 V GRD 100 200 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00173 34 V GRD 100 150 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00174 34 V GRD 100 100 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00175 34 V GRD 100 70 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00176 34 V GRD 100 50 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00177 34 V GRD 100 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00178 34 V GRD 100 20 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00179 34 V GRD 100 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00180 11 TMP 116 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00181 52 R H 116 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00182 51 SPF H 116 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00183 33 U GRD 116 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00184 34 V GRD 116 30 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00185 11 TMP 103 1829 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00186 11 TMP 103 2743 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00187 11 TMP 103 3658 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00188 33 U GRD 103 1829 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00189 33 U GRD 103 2743 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00190 33 U GRD 103 3658 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00191 34 V GRD 103 1829 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00192 34 V GRD 103 2743 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00193 34 V GRD 103 3658 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00194 1 PRES 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00195 54 P WAT 200 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00196 52 R H 200 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00197 7 HGT 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00198 11 TMP 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00199 1 PRES 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00200 136 VW SH 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00201 131 LFT X 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00202 157 CAPE 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00203 156 CIN 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00204 132 4LFTX 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00205 157 CAPE 116 180 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00206 156 CIN 116 180 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00207 7 HGT 6 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00208 11 TMP 6 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00209 1 PRES 6 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00210 7 HGT 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00211 2 PRMSL 102 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00212 52 R H 108 44 100 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00213 52 R H 108 72 94 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00214 52 R H 108 44 72 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00215 52 R H 108 33 100 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00216 13 POT 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00217 11 TMP 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00218 39 V VEL 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00219 52 R H 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00220 10 TOZNE 200 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00221 33 U GRD 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00222 33 U GRD 6 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00223 33 U GRD 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00224 34 V GRD 7 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00225 34 V GRD 6 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00226 34 V GRD 107 9950 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00227 11 TMP 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00228 144 SOILW 112 0 10 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00229 144 SOILW 112 10 200 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00230 11 TMP 112 0 10 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00231 11 TMP 112 10 200 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00232 65 WEASD 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00233 81 LAND 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00234 91 ICE C 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00235 11 TMP 105 2 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00236 51 SPF H 105 2 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00237 221 HPBL 1 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00238 71 T CDC 244 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00239 1 PRES 243 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00240 1 PRES 242 0 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00241 52 R H 105 2 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00242 33 U GRD 105 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00243 34 V GRD 105 10 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00244 27 GP A 100 1000 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00245 27 GP A 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00246 230 5WAVA 100 500 0 2000-01-24_12:00 + 00***** End-Of-File on C unit 34.4 连接Variable_Table文件：
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ln -sf ungrib/Variable_Tables/Vtable.GFS Vtable
仔细阅读ungib/Variable_Tables/Vtable。GFS文件，以查看我们将尝试从GRIB文件中解包哪些字段。Variable_Tables内容如下所示：
4.5 通过脚本./link_grib.csh连接GRIB数据
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ./link_grib.csh ../DATA/JAN00/fnl_2000012
4.6 编辑 namelist.wps, 并且进行如下设置:
&ungribout_format = 'WPS',prefix = 'FILE',
/
然后保存退出。
4.7 运行ungrib，创建中间文件：
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ./ungrib.exe
结果如下：
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subroutine DATINT: Interpolating 3-d files to fill in any missing data...
Looking for data at time 2000-01-24_12
Found file: FILE:2000-01-24_12
Looking for data at time 2000-01-24_18
Found file: FILE:2000-01-24_18
Looking for data at time 2000-01-25_00
Found file: FILE:2000-01-25_00
Looking for data at time 2000-01-25_06
Found file: FILE:2000-01-25_06
Looking for data at time 2000-01-25_12
Found file: FILE:2000-01-25_12
Looking for data at time 2000-01-25_18
Found file: FILE:2000-01-25_18
Looking for data at time 2000-01-26_00
Found file: FILE:2000-01-26_00
End Subroutine DATINT.**********
Deleting temporary files created by ungrib...
**********Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-24_12
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-24_18
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-25_00
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-25_06
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-25_12
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-25_18
Deleting file: ./PFILE:2000-01-26_00**********
Done deleting temporary files.
**********!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! Successful completion of ungrib. !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5、Interpolate the input data onto our model domain (metgrid.exe)
这一步不需要对namelist.wps进行额外更改。结果如下所示：
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WPS-4.1$ ./metgrid.exe
Processing domain 1 of 1Processing 2000-01-24_12FILEProcessing 2000-01-24_18FILEProcessing 2000-01-25_00FILEProcessing 2000-01-25_06FILEProcessing 2000-01-25_12FILEProcessing 2000-01-25_18FILEProcessing 2000-01-26_00FILE
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! Successful completion of metgrid. !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
metgrid.exe运行后，会生成以下七个文件：
6、Run the model (real.exe & wrf.exe)
6.1 在test/em_real/目录中运行
确保您位于WRF/目录中。对于本例，我们将在test/em_real/目录中运行。
test@test:~/Build_WRF$ cd WRF-4.1.2/
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WRF-4.1.2$ cd test/em_real
6.2 将上一步生成的met_em.文件链接到WRF运行的路径下
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WRF-4.1.2/test/em_real$ ln -sf ../../../WPS-4.1/met_em.d01.2000-01* .
注意：这里的WPS-4.1需要改成自己的文件夹。
6.3 编辑 namelist.input
注意：Note 2 : For detailed explanations of these variables, as well as suggestions for best practices, see the Best Practices WRF Namelist page, or Chapter 5 of the WRF User’s Guide.参照官网WRF Namelist Page进行参数修改。namelist.input存放在/WRF-4.1.2/test/em_real下，双击打开编辑即可。
在本次案例中参数的设置如下所示。当你们做自己的案例的时候，应根据自己的需要设置相应的参数，具体参数如何设置和变量解释见WRF Namelist page。
&time_controlrun_days = 0,run_hours = 36,run_minutes = 0,run_seconds = 0,start_year = 2000,start_month = 01,start_day = 24,start_hour = 12,end_year = 2000,end_month = 01,end_day = 26,end_hour = 00,interval_seconds = 21600input_from_file = .true.,history_interval = 180,frames_per_outfile = 1,restart = .false.,restart_interval = 1440,io_form_history = 2io_form_restart = 2io_form_input = 2io_form_boundary = 2/&domainstime_step = 150,time_step_fract_num = 0,time_step_fract_den = 1,max_dom = 1,e_we = 100,e_sn = 100,e_vert = 45,p_top_requested = 5000,num_metgrid_levels = 27,num_metgrid_soil_levels = 2,dx = 27000,dy = 27000,grid_id = 1,parent_id = 1,i_parent_start = 1,j_parent_start = 1,parent_grid_ratio = 1,parent_time_step_ratio = 1,feedback = 1,smooth_option = 0,sfcp_to_sfcp = .true./&physicsphysics_suite = 'CONUS'mp_physics = 8,cu_physics = 3,ra_lw_physics = 4,ra_sw_physics = 4,bl_pbl_physics = 2,sf_sfclay_physics = 2,sf_surface_physics = 2,radt = 10,bldt = 0,cudt = 5,icloud = 1,num_land_cat = 21,sf_urban_physics = 0,/&fdda/&dynamicshybrid_opt = 2, w_damping = 1,diff_opt = 2,km_opt = 4,diff_6th_opt = 0,diff_6th_factor = 0.12,base_temp = 290.damp_opt = 3,zdamp = 5000.,dampcoef = 0.,khdif = 0,kvdif = 0,non_hydrostatic = .true.,moist_adv_opt = 1, scalar_adv_opt = 1, gwd_opt = 1,/&bdy_controlspec_bdy_width = 5,specified = .true./&grib2/&namelist_quiltnio_tasks_per_group = 0,nio_groups = 1,/
变量设置完后，点击保存，然后退出。
6.4 Run real.exe
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WRF-4.1.2/test/em_real$ ./real.exe
运行结果如下：
Ntasks in X 1 , ntasks in Y 1
*************************************
Configuring physics suite 'conus'mp_physics: 8*cu_physics: 3*ra_lw_physics: 4*ra_sw_physics: 4*bl_pbl_physics: 2*sf_sfclay_physics: 2*sf_surface_physics: 2*(* = option overrides suite setting)
*************************************
REAL_EM V4.1.2 PREPROCESSOR*************************************Parent domainids,ide,jds,jde 1 100 1 100ims,ime,jms,jme -4 105 -4 105ips,ipe,jps,jpe 1 100 1 100*************************************
DYNAMICS OPTION: Eulerian Mass Coordinatealloc_space_field: domain 1 , 477255652 bytes allocated
Time period # 1 to process = 2000-01-24_12:00:00.
Time period # 2 to process = 2000-01-24_18:00:00.
Time period # 3 to process = 2000-01-25_00:00:00.
Time period # 4 to process = 2000-01-25_06:00:00.
Time period # 5 to process = 2000-01-25_12:00:00.
Time period # 6 to process = 2000-01-25_18:00:00.
Time period # 7 to process = 2000-01-26_00:00:00.
Total analysis times to input = 7.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-24_12:00:00.0000, which is loop # 1 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 24 12.0000000
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-24_12:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-24_12:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Timing for input 1 s.
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Max map factor in domain 1 = 1.36. Scale the dt in the model accordingly.
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfcusing new automatic levels program1 50.0000000 50.0000000 0.993814707 2 64.0000000 114.000000 0.985950649 1.27999997 3 81.5615997 195.561600 0.976014256 1.27440000 4 103.369164 298.930756 0.963557541 1.26737535 5 130.105835 429.036591 0.948093116 1.25865233 6 162.366577 591.403198 0.929123759 1.24795771 7 200.531372 791.934570 0.906191230 1.23505330 8 244.605652 1036.54028 0.878942370 1.21978748 9 294.054565 1330.59485 0.847207963 1.20215774 10 347.683685 1678.27856 0.811077714 1.18237817 11 403.635223 2081.91382 0.770949006 1.16092658 12 459.557220 2541.47095 0.727525413 1.13854587 13 512.947266 3054.41821 0.681755364 1.11617708 14 564.242004 3618.66016 0.634503603 1.10000002 15 620.666199 4239.32617 0.586030483 1.10000002 16 682.732849 4922.05908 0.536650121 1.10000002 25416.3906 4922.05908 44 1617 731.940430 5653.99951 0.487943381 18 731.940430 6385.93994 0.443262488 19 731.940430 7117.88037 0.402274668 20 731.940430 7849.82080 0.364674717 21 731.940430 8581.76172 0.330182433 22 731.940430 9313.70215 0.298541158 23 731.940430 10045.6426 0.269515216 24 731.940430 10777.5830 0.242888346 25 731.940430 11509.5234 0.218462333 26 731.940430 12241.4639 0.196055204 27 731.940430 12973.4043 0.175500140 28 731.940430 13705.3447 0.156644031 29 731.940430 14437.2852 0.139346510 30 731.940430 15169.2256 0.123478681 31 731.940430 15901.1660 0.108922392 32 731.940430 16633.1055 9.55692530E-0233 731.940430 17365.0469 8.33197907E-0234 731.940430 18096.9883 7.20827952E-0235 731.940430 18828.9297 6.17745891E-0236 731.940430 19560.8711 5.23184016E-0237 731.940430 20292.8125 4.36438024E-0238 731.940430 21024.7539 3.56862135E-0239 731.940430 21756.6953 2.83863544E-0240 731.940430 22488.6367 2.16898583E-0241 731.940430 23220.5781 1.55468490E-0242 731.940430 23952.5195 9.91160050E-0343 731.940430 24684.4609 4.74211574E-0344 731.940430 25416.4023 -7.70970416E-081.0000 0.9938 0.9860 0.9760 0.9636 0.9481 0.9291 0.9062 0.8789 0.84720.8111 0.7709 0.7275 0.6818 0.6345 0.5860 0.5367 0.4879 0.4433 0.40230.3647 0.3302 0.2985 0.2695 0.2429 0.2185 0.1961 0.1755 0.1566 0.13930.1235 0.1089 0.0956 0.0833 0.0721 0.0618 0.0523 0.0436 0.0357 0.02840.0217 0.0155 0.0099 0.0047 0.0000
Full level index = 1 Height = 0.0 m
Full level index = 2 Height = 50.0 m Thickness = 50.0 m
Full level index = 3 Height = 113.9 m Thickness = 63.9 m
Full level index = 4 Height = 195.2 m Thickness = 81.3 m
Full level index = 5 Height = 298.0 m Thickness = 102.8 m
Full level index = 6 Height = 427.2 m Thickness = 129.1 m
Full level index = 7 Height = 587.8 m Thickness = 160.7 m
Full level index = 8 Height = 785.5 m Thickness = 197.7 m
Full level index = 9 Height = 1025.6 m Thickness = 240.0 m
Full level index = 10 Height = 1312.6 m Thickness = 287.0 m
Full level index = 11 Height = 1649.6 m Thickness = 337.0 m
Full level index = 12 Height = 2037.7 m Thickness = 388.2 m
Full level index = 13 Height = 2475.6 m Thickness = 437.9 m
Full level index = 14 Height = 2959.3 m Thickness = 483.7 m
Full level index = 15 Height = 3485.1 m Thickness = 525.8 m
Full level index = 16 Height = 4056.1 m Thickness = 570.9 m
Full level index = 17 Height = 4675.0 m Thickness = 618.9 m
Full level index = 18 Height = 5328.0 m Thickness = 653.0 m
Full level index = 19 Height = 5970.1 m Thickness = 642.1 m
Full level index = 20 Height = 6601.4 m Thickness = 631.2 m
Full level index = 21 Height = 7221.7 m Thickness = 620.4 m
Full level index = 22 Height = 7831.2 m Thickness = 609.5 m
Full level index = 23 Height = 8429.8 m Thickness = 598.6 m
Full level index = 24 Height = 9017.5 m Thickness = 587.7 m
Full level index = 25 Height = 9594.3 m Thickness = 576.8 m
Full level index = 26 Height = 10160.3 m Thickness = 566.0 m
Full level index = 27 Height = 10715.4 m Thickness = 555.1 m
Full level index = 28 Height = 11259.6 m Thickness = 544.2 m
Full level index = 29 Height = 11792.9 m Thickness = 533.3 m
Full level index = 30 Height = 12315.3 m Thickness = 522.4 m
Full level index = 31 Height = 12826.9 m Thickness = 511.6 m
Full level index = 32 Height = 13331.3 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 33 Height = 13835.8 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 34 Height = 14340.3 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 35 Height = 14844.8 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 36 Height = 15349.2 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 37 Height = 15853.7 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 38 Height = 16358.2 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 39 Height = 16862.7 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 40 Height = 17367.1 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 41 Height = 17871.6 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 42 Height = 18376.1 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 43 Height = 18880.5 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 44 Height = 19385.0 m Thickness = 504.5 m
Full level index = 45 Height = 19889.5 m Thickness = 504.5 m
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 46 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Timing for processing 1 s.
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Timing for output 1 s.
d01 2000-01-24_12:00:00 Timing for loop # 1 = 3 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-24_18:00:00.0000, which is loop # 2 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 24 18.0000000
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-24_18:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-24_18:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-24_12:00:00.0000 2000-01-24_18:00:00
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-24_18:00:00 Timing for loop # 2 = 0 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-25_00:00:00.0000, which is loop # 3 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 25 0.00000000
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-25_00:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-25_00:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-24_18:00:00.0000 2000-01-25_00:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_00:00:00 Timing for loop # 3 = 0 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-25_06:00:00.0000, which is loop # 4 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 25 6.00000000
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-25_06:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-25_06:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-25_00:00:00.0000 2000-01-25_06:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_06:00:00 Timing for loop # 4 = 0 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-25_12:00:00.0000, which is loop # 5 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 25 12.0000000
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-25_12:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-25_12:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-25_06:00:00.0000 2000-01-25_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_12:00:00 Timing for loop # 5 = 0 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-25_18:00:00.0000, which is loop # 6 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 25 18.0000000
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-25_18:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-25_18:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-25_12:00:00.0000 2000-01-25_18:00:00
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-25_18:00:00 Timing for loop # 6 = 0 s.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain 1: Current date being processed: 2000-01-26_00:00:00.0000, which is loop # 7 out of 7configflags%julyr, %julday, %gmt: 2000 26 0.00000000
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Yes, this special data is acceptable to use: OUTPUT FROM METGRID V4.1
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Input data is acceptable to use: met_em.d01.2000-01-26_00:00:00.ncmetgrid input_wrf.F first_date_input = 2000-01-26_00:00:00metgrid input_wrf.F first_date_nml = 2000-01-24_12:00:00
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Timing for input 0 s.
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 flag_soil_layers read from met_em file is 1
Using sfcprs2 to compute psfc
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 No average surface temperature for use with inland lakesAssume Noah LSM input
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam at 9 points, out of 9801
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2000-01-25_18:00:00.0000 2000-01-26_00:00:00
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 Timing for loop # 7 = 0 s.
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 real_em: SUCCESS COMPLETE REAL_EM INIT
注意：这将覆盖以前运行的wrfinput_d01和wrfbdy_d01文件，因此如果希望保留旧文件，请将其保存到其他地方。检查以下两个文件是否已创建。运行成功后会生成wrfbdy_d01 ，wrfinput_d01两个文件。
6.5 Run wrf.exe
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WRF-4.1.2/test/em_real$ ./wrf.exe
在结果出来之前需要等待一段时间。。。
运行结果最后一行如下所示：
d01 2000-01-26_00:00:00 wrf: SUCCESS COMPLETE WRF
最终在文件夹中生成以下13个文件，如下图所示：
6.6 Quick check of the contents of the wrfout file:
利用ncview查看wrfout_d01文件。以wrfout_d01_2000-01-24_12:00:00中的2d vars 变量TSK为例：
test@test:~/Build_WRF/WRF-4.1.2/test/em_real$ ncview wrfout_d01_2000-01-24_12:00:00
最终模拟结果如下：
你也可以利用相同的方式查看另外12个文件，查看模拟结果。
以上是整个Single Domain Case的全部过程。下次准备做一个嵌套区域的WRF模拟，敬请期待。
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