在ASP.NET Core 2.2 中创建 Web API并结合Swagger
2024-05-11 02:12:31
一、创建 ASP.NET Core WebApi项目
二、添加
三、
-----------------------------------------------------------
一、创建项目，WideWorldImporters.API，选项按照下列图操作
二、引用需要的Nuget包
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer
Swashbuckle.AspNetCore
Swashbuckle.AspNetCore包允许为Web API启用帮助页。
试运行一下项目
OK, 没任何错误。?
添加一个文件夹Models，在里面添加4个.cs文件，
Entities.cs //实体，为了简单些把多个实体放在这一个文件里，实际项目里可以一个文件一个类
Extensions.cs //扩展类，
Requests.cs //请求类，
Responses.cs //响应类，
4个文件的完整代码如下：
Entities.cs
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Threading.Tasks;
5 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
6 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Metadata.Builders;
7
8 namespace WideWorldImporters.API.Models
9 {
10 public partial class StockItem
11 {
12 public StockItem()
13 {
14 }
15
16 public StockItem(int? stockItemID)
17 {
18 StockItemID = stockItemID;
19 }
20
21 public int? StockItemID { get; set; }
22
23 public string StockItemName { get; set; }
24
25 public int? SupplierID { get; set; }
26
27 public int? ColorID { get; set; }
28
29 public int? UnitPackageID { get; set; }
30
31 public int? OuterPackageID { get; set; }
32
33 public string Brand { get; set; }
34
35 public string Size { get; set; }
36
37 public int? LeadTimeDays { get; set; }
38
39 public int? QuantityPerOuter { get; set; }
40
41 public bool? IsChillerStock { get; set; }
42
43 public string Barcode { get; set; }
44
45 public decimal? TaxRate { get; set; }
46
47 public decimal? UnitPrice { get; set; }
48
49 public decimal? RecommendedRetailPrice { get; set; }
50
51 public decimal? TypicalWeightPerUnit { get; set; }
52
53 public string MarketingComments { get; set; }
54
55 public string InternalComments { get; set; }
56
57 public string CustomFields { get; set; }
58
59 public string Tags { get; set; }
60
61 public string SearchDetails { get; set; }
62
63 public int? LastEditedBy { get; set; }
64
65 public DateTime? ValidFrom { get; set; }
66
67 public DateTime? ValidTo { get; set; }
68 }
69
70 public class StockItemsConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<StockItem>
71 {
72 public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<StockItem> builder)
73 {
74 // Set configuration for entity
75 builder.ToTable("StockItems", "Warehouse");
76
77 // Set key for entity
78 builder.HasKey(p => p.StockItemID);
79
80 // Set configuration for columns
81
82 builder.Property(p => p.StockItemName).HasColumnType("nvarchar(200)").IsRequired();
83 builder.Property(p => p.SupplierID).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
84 builder.Property(p => p.ColorID).HasColumnType("int");
85 builder.Property(p => p.UnitPackageID).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
86 builder.Property(p => p.OuterPackageID).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
87 builder.Property(p => p.Brand).HasColumnType("nvarchar(100)");
88 builder.Property(p => p.Size).HasColumnType("nvarchar(40)");
89 builder.Property(p => p.LeadTimeDays).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
90 builder.Property(p => p.QuantityPerOuter).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
91 builder.Property(p => p.IsChillerStock).HasColumnType("bit").IsRequired();
92 builder.Property(p => p.Barcode).HasColumnType("nvarchar(100)");
93 builder.Property(p => p.TaxRate).HasColumnType("decimal(18, 3)").IsRequired();
94 builder.Property(p => p.UnitPrice).HasColumnType("decimal(18, 2)").IsRequired();
95 builder.Property(p => p.RecommendedRetailPrice).HasColumnType("decimal(18, 2)");
96 builder.Property(p => p.TypicalWeightPerUnit).HasColumnType("decimal(18, 3)").IsRequired();
97 builder.Property(p => p.MarketingComments).HasColumnType("nvarchar(max)");
98 builder.Property(p => p.InternalComments).HasColumnType("nvarchar(max)");
99 builder.Property(p => p.CustomFields).HasColumnType("nvarchar(max)");
100 builder.Property(p => p.LastEditedBy).HasColumnType("int").IsRequired();
101
102 // Computed columns
103
104 builder
105 .Property(p => p.StockItemID)
106 .HasColumnType("int")
107 .IsRequired()
108 .HasComputedColumnSql("NEXT VALUE FOR [Sequences].[StockItemID]");
109
110 builder
111 .Property(p => p.Tags)
112 .HasColumnType("nvarchar(max)")
113 .HasComputedColumnSql("json_query([CustomFields],N'$.Tags')");
114
115 builder
116 .Property(p => p.SearchDetails)
117 .HasColumnType("nvarchar(max)")
118 .IsRequired()
119 .HasComputedColumnSql("concat([StockItemName],N' ',[MarketingComments])");
120
121 // Columns with generated value on add or update
122
123 builder
124 .Property(p => p.ValidFrom)
125 .HasColumnType("datetime2")
126 .IsRequired()
127 .ValueGeneratedOnAddOrUpdate();
128
129 builder
130 .Property(p => p.ValidTo)
131 .HasColumnType("datetime2")
132 .IsRequired()
133 .ValueGeneratedOnAddOrUpdate();
134 }
135 }
136
137 public class WideWorldImportersDbContext : DbContext
138 {
139 public WideWorldImportersDbContext(DbContextOptions<WideWorldImportersDbContext> options)
140 : base(options)
141 {
142 }
143
144 protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
145 {
146 // Apply configurations for entity
147
148 modelBuilder
149 .ApplyConfiguration(new StockItemsConfiguration());
150
151 base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
152 }
153
154 public DbSet<StockItem> StockItems { get; set; }
155 }
156 }View Code
Extensions.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;namespace WideWorldImporters.API.Models
{public static class WideWorldImportersDbContextExtensions{public static IQueryable<StockItem> GetStockItems(this WideWorldImportersDbContext dbContext, int pageSize = 10, int pageNumber = 1, int? lastEditedBy = null, int? colorID = null, int? outerPackageID = null, int? supplierID = null, int? unitPackageID = null){// Get query from DbSetvar query = dbContext.StockItems.AsQueryable();// Filter by: 'LastEditedBy'if (lastEditedBy.HasValue)query = query.Where(item => item.LastEditedBy == lastEditedBy);// Filter by: 'ColorID'if (colorID.HasValue)query = query.Where(item => item.ColorID == colorID);// Filter by: 'OuterPackageID'if (outerPackageID.HasValue)query = query.Where(item => item.OuterPackageID == outerPackageID);// Filter by: 'SupplierID'if (supplierID.HasValue)query = query.Where(item => item.SupplierID == supplierID);// Filter by: 'UnitPackageID'if (unitPackageID.HasValue)query = query.Where(item => item.UnitPackageID == unitPackageID);return query;}public static async Task<StockItem> GetStockItemsAsync(this WideWorldImportersDbContext dbContext, StockItem entity)=> await dbContext.StockItems.FirstOrDefaultAsync(item => item.StockItemID == entity.StockItemID);public static async Task<StockItem> GetStockItemsByStockItemNameAsync(this WideWorldImportersDbContext dbContext, StockItem entity)=> await dbContext.StockItems.FirstOrDefaultAsync(item => item.StockItemName == entity.StockItemName);}public static class IQueryableExtensions{public static IQueryable<TModel> Paging<TModel>(this IQueryable<TModel> query, int pageSize = 0, int pageNumber = 0) where TModel : class=> pageSize > 0 && pageNumber > 0 ? query.Skip((pageNumber - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize) : query;}
}View Code
Requests.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace WideWorldImporters.API.Models
{public class PostStockItemsRequest{[Key]public int? StockItemID { get; set; }[Required][StringLength(200)]public string StockItemName { get; set; }[Required]public int? SupplierID { get; set; }public int? ColorID { get; set; }[Required]public int? UnitPackageID { get; set; }[Required]public int? OuterPackageID { get; set; }[StringLength(100)]public string Brand { get; set; }[StringLength(40)]public string Size { get; set; }[Required]public int? LeadTimeDays { get; set; }[Required]public int? QuantityPerOuter { get; set; }[Required]public bool? IsChillerStock { get; set; }[StringLength(100)]public string Barcode { get; set; }[Required]public decimal? TaxRate { get; set; }[Required]public decimal? UnitPrice { get; set; }public decimal? RecommendedRetailPrice { get; set; }[Required]public decimal? TypicalWeightPerUnit { get; set; }public string MarketingComments { get; set; }public string InternalComments { get; set; }public string CustomFields { get; set; }public string Tags { get; set; }[Required]public string SearchDetails { get; set; }[Required]public int? LastEditedBy { get; set; }public DateTime? ValidFrom { get; set; }public DateTime? ValidTo { get; set; }}public class PutStockItemsRequest{[Required][StringLength(200)]public string StockItemName { get; set; }[Required]public int? SupplierID { get; set; }public int? ColorID { get; set; }[Required]public decimal? UnitPrice { get; set; }}public static class Extensions{public static StockItem ToEntity(this PostStockItemsRequest request)=> new StockItem{StockItemID = request.StockItemID,StockItemName = request.StockItemName,SupplierID = request.SupplierID,ColorID = request.ColorID,UnitPackageID = request.UnitPackageID,OuterPackageID = request.OuterPackageID,Brand = request.Brand,Size = request.Size,LeadTimeDays = request.LeadTimeDays,QuantityPerOuter = request.QuantityPerOuter,IsChillerStock = request.IsChillerStock,Barcode = request.Barcode,TaxRate = request.TaxRate,UnitPrice = request.UnitPrice,RecommendedRetailPrice = request.RecommendedRetailPrice,TypicalWeightPerUnit = request.TypicalWeightPerUnit,MarketingComments = request.MarketingComments,InternalComments = request.InternalComments,CustomFields = request.CustomFields,Tags = request.Tags,SearchDetails = request.SearchDetails,LastEditedBy = request.LastEditedBy,ValidFrom = request.ValidFrom,ValidTo = request.ValidTo};}
}View Code
Responses.cs
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Net;
5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
6 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
7
8 namespace WideWorldImporters.API.Models
9 {
10 public interface IResponse
11 {
12 string Message { get; set; }
13
14 bool DidError { get; set; }
15
16 string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
17 }
18
19 public interface ISingleResponse<TModel> : IResponse
20 {
21 TModel Model { get; set; }
22 }
23
24 public interface IListResponse<TModel> : IResponse
25 {
26 IEnumerable<TModel> Model { get; set; }
27 }
28
29 public interface IPagedResponse<TModel> : IListResponse<TModel>
30 {
31 int ItemsCount { get; set; }
32
33 double PageCount { get; }
34 }
35
36 public class Response : IResponse
37 {
38 public string Message { get; set; }
39
40 public bool DidError { get; set; }
41
42 public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
43 }
44
45 public class SingleResponse<TModel> : ISingleResponse<TModel>
46 {
47 public string Message { get; set; }
48
49 public bool DidError { get; set; }
50
51 public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
52
53 public TModel Model { get; set; }
54 }
55
56 public class ListResponse<TModel> : IListResponse<TModel>
57 {
58 public string Message { get; set; }
59
60 public bool DidError { get; set; }
61
62 public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
63
64 public IEnumerable<TModel> Model { get; set; }
65 }
66
67 public class PagedResponse<TModel> : IPagedResponse<TModel>
68 {
69 public string Message { get; set; }
70
71 public bool DidError { get; set; }
72
73 public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
74
75 public IEnumerable<TModel> Model { get; set; }
76
77 public int PageSize { get; set; }
78
79 public int PageNumber { get; set; }
80
81 public int ItemsCount { get; set; }
82
83 public double PageCount
84 => ItemsCount < PageSize ? 1 : (int)(((double)ItemsCount / PageSize) + 1);
85 }
86
87 public static class ResponseExtensions
88 {
89 public static IActionResult ToHttpResponse(this IResponse response)
90 {
91 var status = response.DidError ? HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError : HttpStatusCode.OK;
92
93 return new ObjectResult(response)
94 {
95 StatusCode = (int)status
96 };
97 }
98
99 public static IActionResult ToHttpResponse<TModel>(this ISingleResponse<TModel> response)
100 {
101 var status = HttpStatusCode.OK;
102
103 if (response.DidError)
104 status = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;
105 else if (response.Model == null)
106 status = HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
107
108 return new ObjectResult(response)
109 {
110 StatusCode = (int)status
111 };
112 }
113
114 public static IActionResult ToHttpResponse<TModel>(this IListResponse<TModel> response)
115 {
116 var status = HttpStatusCode.OK;
117
118 if (response.DidError)
119 status = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;
120 else if (response.Model == null)
121 status = HttpStatusCode.NoContent;
122
123 return new ObjectResult(response)
124 {
125 StatusCode = (int)status
126 };
127 }
128 }
129 }View Code
接下来开始添加Api控制器 WarehouseController
右击项目文件夹Controllers
WarehouseController.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using WideWorldImporters.API.Models;namespace WideWorldImporters.API.Controllers
{[Route("api/v1/[controller]")][ApiController]public class WarehouseController : ControllerBase{protected readonly ILogger _logger;protected readonly WideWorldImportersDbContext _dbContext;public WarehouseController(ILogger<WarehouseController> logger, WideWorldImportersDbContext dbContext){_logger = logger;_dbContext = dbContext;}/// <summary>/// 获取库存项列表/// </summary>/// <param name="pageSize">页大小</param>/// <param name="pageNumber">页号</param>/// <param name="lastEditedBy">最后编辑者</param>/// <param name="colorId">颜色ID</param>/// <param name="outerPackageId">外包装ID</param>/// <param name="supplierId">供应商ID</param>/// <param name="unitPackageId"></param>/// <returns></returns>public async Task<IActionResult> GetStockItemsAsync(int pageSize = 10,int pageNumber = 1,int? lastEditedBy = null,int? colorId = null,int? outerPackageId = null,int? supplierId = null,int? unitPackageId = null){_logger?.LogDebug($"'{nameof(GetStockItemsAsync)}' 被调用了");var response = new PagedResponse<StockItem>();//创建分页对象try{var query = _dbContext.GetStockItems();response.PageSize = pageSize;response.PageNumber = pageNumber;response.ItemsCount = await query.CountAsync();//获取总记录数
response.Model = await query.Paging(pageSize, pageNumber).ToListAsync();response.Message = $"第 {pageNumber} 共 {response.PageCount}, 产品总数量: {response.ItemsCount}";_logger?.LogInformation("已成功检索库存项!");}catch (Exception e){response.DidError = true;response.ErrorMessage = "有一个内部错误，请联系技术支持!";_logger?.LogCritical($"There was an error on '{nameof(GetStockItemsAsync)}' invocation: {e}");}return response.ToHttpResponse();}/// <summary>/// 获取单记录/// </summary>/// <param name="id"></param>/// <returns></returns>[HttpGet("StockItem/{id}")][ProducesResponseType(200)][ProducesResponseType(404)][ProducesResponseType(500)]public async Task<IActionResult> GetStockItemAsync(int id){_logger?.LogDebug($"'{nameof(GetStockItemAsync)}' 被执行了!");var response = new SingleResponse<StockItem>();try{response.Model = await _dbContext.GetStockItemsAsync(new StockItem(id));}catch (Exception e){response.DidError = true;response.ErrorMessage = "有错误，请联系技术支持！";_logger?.LogCritical($"There was an error on '{nameof(GetStockItemAsync)}' invocation: {e}");}return response.ToHttpResponse();}// POST// api/v1/Warehouse/StockItem//// <summary>/// Creates a new stock item/// </summary>/// <param name="request">Request model</param>/// <returns>A response with new stock item</returns>/// <response code="200">Returns the stock items list</response>/// <response code="201">A response as creation of stock item</response>/// <response code="400">For bad request</response>/// <response code="500">If there was an internal server error</response>[HttpPost("StockItem")][ProducesResponseType(200)][ProducesResponseType(201)][ProducesResponseType(400)][ProducesResponseType(500)]public async Task<IActionResult> PostStockItemAsync([FromBody]PostStockItemsRequest request){_logger?.LogDebug("'{0}' has been invoked", nameof(PostStockItemAsync));var response = new SingleResponse<StockItem>();try{var existingEntity = await _dbContext.GetStockItemsByStockItemNameAsync(new StockItem { StockItemName = request.StockItemName });if (existingEntity != null)ModelState.AddModelError("StockItemName", "Stock item name already exists");if (!ModelState.IsValid)return BadRequest();// Create entity from request modelvar entity = request.ToEntity();// Add entity to repository
_dbContext.Add(entity);// Save entity in databaseawait _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();// Set the entity to response modelresponse.Model = entity;}catch (Exception ex){response.DidError = true;response.ErrorMessage = "There was an internal error, please contact to technical support.";_logger?.LogCritical("There was an error on '{0}' invocation: {1}", nameof(PostStockItemAsync), ex);}return response.ToHttpResponse();}// PUT// api/v1/Warehouse/StockItem/5/// <summary>/// Updates an existing stock item/// </summary>/// <param name="id">Stock item ID</param>/// <param name="request">Request model</param>/// <returns>A response as update stock item result</returns>/// <response code="200">If stock item was updated successfully</response>/// <response code="400">For bad request</response>/// <response code="404">If stock item is not exists</response>/// <response code="500">If there was an internal server error</response>[HttpPut("StockItem/{id}")][ProducesResponseType(200)][ProducesResponseType(400)][ProducesResponseType(404)][ProducesResponseType(500)]public async Task<IActionResult> PutStockItemAsync(int id, [FromBody]PutStockItemsRequest request){_logger?.LogDebug("'{0}' has been invoked", nameof(PutStockItemAsync));var response = new Response();try{// Get stock item by idvar entity = await _dbContext.GetStockItemsAsync(new StockItem(id));// Validate if entity existsif (entity == null)return NotFound();// Set changes to entityentity.StockItemName = request.StockItemName;entity.SupplierId = request.SupplierID;entity.ColorId = request.ColorID;entity.UnitPrice = request.UnitPrice;// Update entity in repository
_dbContext.Update(entity);// Save entity in databaseawait _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();}catch (Exception ex){response.DidError = true;response.ErrorMessage = "There was an internal error, please contact to technical support.";_logger?.LogCritical("There was an error on '{0}' invocation: {1}", nameof(PutStockItemAsync), ex);}return response.ToHttpResponse();}// DELETE// api/v1/Warehouse/StockItem/5/// <summary>/// Deletes an existing stock item/// </summary>/// <param name="id">Stock item ID</param>/// <returns>A response as delete stock item result</returns>/// <response code="200">If stock item was deleted successfully</response>/// <response code="404">If stock item is not exists</response>/// <response code="500">If there was an internal server error</response>[HttpDelete("StockItem/{id}")][ProducesResponseType(200)][ProducesResponseType(404)][ProducesResponseType(500)]public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteStockItemAsync(int id){_logger?.LogDebug("'{0}' has been invoked", nameof(DeleteStockItemAsync));var response = new Response();try{// Get stock item by idvar entity = await _dbContext.GetStockItemsAsync(new StockItem(id));// Validate if entity existsif (entity == null)return NotFound();// Remove entity from repository
_dbContext.Remove(entity);// Delete entity in databaseawait _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();}catch (Exception ex){response.DidError = true;response.ErrorMessage = "There was an internal error, please contact to technical support.";_logger?.LogCritical("There was an error on '{0}' invocation: {1}", nameof(DeleteStockItemAsync), ex);}return response.ToHttpResponse();}}
}View Code
接下来设置依赖注入，ASP.NET Core自带依赖注入，不需要第三方框架
修改根目录下Startup 类，
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;
using WideWorldImporters.API.Controllers;
using WideWorldImporters.API.Models;namespace WideWorldImporters.API
{public class Startup{public Startup(IConfiguration configuration){Configuration = configuration;}public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);//注入数据库上下文对象services.AddDbContext<WideWorldImportersDbContext>(options =>{options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"));//从配置文件中获取数据库连接字符串
});//--------------上面是框架系统的访问，下面是应用程序的注入--------------------services.AddScoped<ILogger, Logger<WarehouseController>>();//只用这里写了这一句，apiController里的注入才有效//注入丝袜哥Swaggerservices.AddSwaggerGen(options =>{options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info {Title = "WideWorldImporters API", Version = "v1"});var xmlFile = $"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml";var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);options.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);});}// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env){if (env.IsDevelopment()){app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();}app.UseSwagger();app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>{c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "WideWorldImporters API V1");});app.UseMvc();}}
}View Code
在appsettings.json文件中添加数据库连接字符串
{"ConnectionStrings": {"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb);Database=WideWorldImportersDb;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"},"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*"
}设置项目属性的swagger生成的文件，丝袜哥就是靠这个文件来生成UI的。
设置完，记得保存！
代码写完了，数据库还没有，需要利用EF Core迁移并生成数据库
在命令行输入迁移命令: add-migration AddEntity
生成了迁移文件
然后更新到数据库，输入：update-database
数据库创建完毕。
运行项目试试！！！！
访问地址：
http://localhost:49956/api/v1/Warehouse/StockItem
好像有问题，明天继续吧.................................郁闷了
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wanghaibin/p/10296774.html
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