涉及到的命令：fdisk/mkfs/mount

1. 列出当前磁盘

   [root@vity ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
   16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 41610 cylinders
   Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disk identifier: 0x0001cd0bDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/vda1   *           3         409      204800   83  Linux
   Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
   /dev/vda2             409        8731     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
   Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
   /dev/vda3            8731       41611    16571392   83  Linux
   Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
   16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 41610 cylinders
   Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disk identifier: 0x00000000

2. 分区&格式化磁盘

   [root@vity ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
   Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
   Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd3b0c3e7.
   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
   After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended toswitch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units tosectors (command 'u').Command (m for help): n
   Command actione   extendedp   primary partition (1-4)
   p
   Partition number (1-4): 1
   First cylinder (1-41610, default 1): 1
   Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-41610, default 41610):
   Using default value 41610Command (m for help): w
   The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
   Syncing disks.[root@vity ~]# mkfs -t ext4 -c /dev/vdb1
   mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
   文件系统标签=
   操作系统:Linux
   块大小=4096 (log=2)
   分块大小=4096 (log=2)
   Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
   1310720 inodes, 5242852 blocks
   262142 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
   第一个数据块=0
   Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
   160 block groups
   32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
   8192 inodes per group
   Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): 完成
   正在写入inode表: 完成
   Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
   Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
   180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

3. 挂载磁盘

   [root@vity ~]# mkdir /data
   [root@vity ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/vdb1 /data
   [root@vity ~]# df -l
   Filesystem       1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
   LABEL=cec-rootfs  16311208 3611268  11871372  24% /
   tmpfs              8165992     224   8165768   1% /dev/shm
   /dev/vda1           198337   52425    135672  28% /boot
   /dev/vdb1         20642316  176064  19417684   1% /data
   [root@vity ~]# echo "/dev/vdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

此文只做记录，非教程。