[python]微信公众号文章爬取

需求

爬取一些微信公众号的文章

数据来源

1.搜狗微信搜索，可以搜索微信公众号文章，但只能显示该公众号最近十篇的文章

2.通过个人微信公众号中的素材管理，查看其他微信公众号文章

步骤

1.手动从网站上获取cookie通过cookie登陆

2.从请求url中获取token

3.拼接参数请求https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchbiz获取公众号的fakeid也就是biz

4.拼接参数请求https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?获取文章列表信息

5.通过文章url爬取文章

通过这种方式是没办法得到阅读量和点赞数的，因为网页打开公众号文章是没有阅读数和点赞数的

代码

import requests

import json

import re

import time

class WeChatCrawler():

def __init__(self, wxList):

self.wxList = wxList

self.cookies = self.__getCookiesFromText()

self.token = self.__getToken()

self.headers = {

"HOST": "mp.weixin.qq.com",

"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0"

}

self.searchBizParam = {

'action': 'search_biz',

'token': self.token,

'lang': 'zh_CN',

'f': 'json',

'ajax': '1',

'query': '',

'begin': '0',

'count': '5',

}

self.getMsgListParam = {

'token': self.token,

'lang': 'zh_CN',

'f': 'json',

'ajax': '1',

'action': 'list_ex',

'begin': '0',

'count': '5',

'query': '',

'fakeid': '',

'type': '9'

}

def __getCookiesFromText(self):

# 手动获取cookie

with open('cookie.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:

cookieStr = f.read()

# 处理cookieStr格式转化成json

cookieStr = "{\"" + cookieStr + "\"}"

cookieStr = cookieStr.replace("rewardsn=;", "").replace(";", "\",\"").replace("=", "\":\"").replace(

"\":\"\"", "=\"").replace(' ', '')

# print(cookieStr)

cookies = json.loads(cookieStr)

return cookies

def __getToken(self):

url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com'

response = requests.get(url=url, cookies=self.cookies)

token = re.findall(r'token=(\d+)', str(response.url))[0]

return token

def __getWXFakeid(self, wx):

searchUrl = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchbiz?'

self.searchBizParam['query'] = wx

searchResponse = requests.get(searchUrl, cookies=self.cookies, headers=self.headers, params=self.searchBizParam)

fakeid = searchResponse.json().get('list')[0].get('fakeid')

return fakeid

def __getWXMsgCnt(self, fakeId):

self.getMsgListParam['fakeid'] = fakeId

appmsgUrl = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?'

appmsgResponse = requests.get(appmsgUrl, cookies=self.cookies, headers=self.headers,

params=self.getMsgListParam)

wxMsgCnt = appmsgResponse.json().get('app_msg_cnt')

return wxMsgCnt

def __getWXMsgList(self, fakeId):

appmsgUrl = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?'

wxMsgCnt = self.__getWXMsgCnt(fakeId)

if wxMsgCnt is not None:

pages = int(wxMsgCnt) // 5

begin = 0

for _ in range(pages):

print('====翻页====', begin)

self.getMsgListParam['begin'] = str(begin)

msgListResponse = requests.get(appmsgUrl, cookies=self.cookies, headers=self.headers,

params=self.getMsgListParam)

msgList = msgListResponse.json().get('app_msg_list')

for item in msgList:

# todo more

msgLink = item.get('link')

print(msgLink)

msgTitle = item.get('title')

print(msgTitle)

begin += 5

time.sleep(3)

def runCrawler(self):

fakeIds = list(map(self.__getWXFakeid, self.wxList))

list(map(self.__getWXMsgList, fakeIds))

if __name__ == '__main__':

# example

wxList = ['量子位', ]

wc = WeChatCrawler(wxList)

wc.runCrawler()