# coding=utf-8
# author: Jason
# time:2018/1/16 20:00:00
#version:1.0
import urllib.request as ul
import urllib.parse as uz
import http.cookiejar as cookielib
from json import loads
c=cookielib.LWPCookieJar()#先把cookie对象存储为cookiejar的对象
cookie = ul.HTTPCookieProcessor(c)#把cookiejar对象转换为一个handle
opener = ul.build_opener(cookie)#建立一个模拟浏览器，需要handle作为参数
ul.install_opener(opener)#安装一个全局模拟浏览器，代表无论怎么访问都是一个浏览器操作而不是分开获取验证码等msg

headers={'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36'}#先写个头，表示我这是浏览器用户登录而不是代码登录，如果不写，代码默认用的签名之类的是编程语言的标识，这样对方服务器很容易就发现你是个脚本了

def get_code():#获取验证码的步骤req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand&0.6758635422370105')req.headers = headerscode_file = opener.open(req).read()#此时为浏览器的open而不再是ul.urlopen,下同with open(r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\12306自动抢票\code.png','wb')as f:f.write(code_file)

def main_():get_code()code = input('输入验证码：')req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check')req.headers = headersdata = {'answer':code,'login_site':'E','rand':'sjrand'}data = uz.urlencode(data).encode()#把字典转换为URL query string,此时是str，要把它变为byts。
html = opener.open(req,data= data).read().decode()#读取出来是byts格式，转换为‘utf-8（默认）print(html)result = loads(html)if result['result_code']=='4':print('验证码通过')rep = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login')rep.headers = headersdata = {'username':'这里就是你用户名','password':'这里就是你的密码','appid':'otn'}data = uz.urlencode(data).encode() #看到了吗，这就是你给服务器回复的东西html1 = opener.open(rep,data = data ).read().decode()result1 = loads(html1)if result1['result_code'] == 0:print('账户密码验证通过')else:print(result1['result_message'])else:print('验证码校验失败，重来')if __name__ == '__main__':main_()

url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryZ?leftTicketDTO.train_date=%s&leftTicketDTO.from_station=%s&leftTicketDTO.to_station=%s&purpose_codes=ADULT'%(train_data,from_station,to_station)

req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/submitOrderRequest')#确定订单信息
req = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc")#验证订单
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getPassengerDTOs')#准备跨到下单中的过度
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/checkOrderInfo')#检查订单信息
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getQueueCount')#信息提交给服务器，准备进入下单步骤
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/confirmSingleForQueue')#正式进入下单步骤
req = ul.Request('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/queryOrderWaitTime?random=%s&tourFlag=dc&_json_att=&REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN=%s'%(numb,time.time()))#下单确认中，此时这个网址一般是进行两次访问，不知为何，我还是做了两次访问，numb是前面查询车票点击预定回复我们的信息中的一条，有点难找喔，我曾经找了三天。。。当然是因为自己不仔细而已
zreq = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue")#最后的结果回执，如果一切都顺利，那么票就已经订了。我一般是打印他返回的内容
'''zreq = ul.Request("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue")zreq.headers = headersdata ={"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN":"%s"%numb,"_json_att": "","orderSequence_no":orderId}data = uz.urlencode(data).encode()html = opener.open(zreq,data=data).read().decode()result = loads(html)print('代码全部过完，回去登录下是否搞定')print(result)print(result['data']['submitStatus'])if result['data']['submitStatus'] == True:print('购票成功')return Trueelse:print('购票失败，重试其他列车')continue
'''
最终的回执代码详细 信息，读者可以自己尝试多次，得到自己的回复代码确认是否购票成功，因为result['data']['submitStatus']==True只不过是确认订单状态而已，这个被我改动过，你可以多次尝试

def email():#这是我订票后给自己发邮件的函数import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextimport timetext = '已经为%s抢到票，速度登录12306付款，用户名：%s，密码：%s'%(NAME,username,password)msg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')msg_From = '2059****16@qq.com'msg_To = '5043****75@qq.com'#是的，我有两个qq，一个发一个收
smtpSever = 'smtp.qq.com'  # qq邮箱的smtp Sever地址smtpPort = '465'  # 开放的端口sqm = 'q********eghe'  # 在登录smtp时需要login中的密码应当使用授权码而非账户密码
msg['from'] = msg_Frommsg['to'] = msg_Tomsg['subject'] = 'Python自动邮件-%s' % time.ctime()smtp = smtplibsmtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()'''smtplib的connect（连接到邮件服务器）、login（登陆验证）、sendmail（发送邮件）'''smtp.connect(smtpSever, smtpPort)smtp.login(msg_From, sqm)smtp.sendmail(msg_From, msg_To, str(msg))# s = smtplib.SMTP("localhost")# s.send_message(msg)
    smtp.quit()print('邮件已发送~你可以安心去玩了')def emailforcode():#此函数是防止查询有票但12306账号掉线人不在无法订票的提醒import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextimport timetext = '%s账号下线，速度登录验证12306' % NAMEmsg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')msg_From = '205****516@qq.com'msg_To = '50****75@qq.com'smtpSever = 'smtp.qq.com'  # qq邮箱的smtp Sever地址smtpPort = '465'  # 开放的端口sqm = 'qowa*******ghe'  # 在登录smtp时需要login中的密码应当使用授权码而非账户密码
msg['from'] = msg_Frommsg['to'] = msg_Tomsg['subject'] = 'Python自动邮件-%s' % time.ctime()smtp = smtplibsmtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL()'''smtplib的connect（连接到邮件服务器）、login（登陆验证）、sendmail（发送邮件）'''smtp.connect(smtpSever, smtpPort)smtp.login(msg_From, sqm)smtp.sendmail(msg_From, msg_To, str(msg))# s = smtplib.SMTP("localhost")# s.send_message(msg)
    smtp.quit()print('邮件已发送~')