postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> cd $PGDATA
postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> pwd
/data02/pg_root
postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> ll|grep pg_xlog
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres   27 Dec 13 18:54 pg_xlog -> /data01/pg_xlog
postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> cd $PGDATA/pg_tblspc
postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> ll
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 24 Feb 20 14:22 16387 -> /data09/digoal
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 31 Mar  6 11:11 16388 -> /data06/tbs_digoal_old
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 28 Dec 13 18:55 16381 -> /data03/tbs_digoal
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 32 Dec 13 18:55 16382 -> /data04/tbs_digoal_idx
lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 29 Dec 13 18:56 16389 -> /data05/tbs_digoal1
postgres@db-192-1-1-5-> cat $PGDATA/postgresql.conf|grep log_directory
log_directory = '/var/applog/pg_log'               # directory where log files are written,

在standby服务器上创建这些目录:

mkdir -p /data02/pg_root
mkdir -p /data01/pg_xlog
mkdir -p /data09/digoal
mkdir -p /data06/tbs_digoal_old
mkdir -p /data03/tbs_digoal
mkdir -p /data04/tbs_digoal_idx
mkdir -p /data05/tbs_digoal1
mkdir -p /var/applog/pg_log

# 修改为数据库启动用户权限

chown -R postgres:postgres /data02/pg_root
chown -R postgres:postgres /data01/pg_xlog
chown -R postgres:postgres /data09/digoal
chown -R postgres:postgres /data06/tbs_digoal_old
chown -R postgres:postgres /data03/tbs_digoal
chown -R postgres:postgres /data04/tbs_digoal_idx
chown -R postgres:postgres /data05/tbs_digoal1
chown -R postgres:postgres /var/applog/pg_log

# 修改为700

chmod -R 700  /data02/pg_root
chmod -R 700  /data01/pg_xlog
chmod -R 700  /data09/digoal
chmod -R 700  /data06/tbs_digoal_old
chmod -R 700  /data03/tbs_digoal
chmod -R 700  /data04/tbs_digoal_idx
chmod -R 700  /data05/tbs_digoal1
chmod -R 700  /var/applog/pg_log

2. 在standby 节点创建秘钥

postgres@db-192-1-1-1-> ssh-keygen -t rsa

3. 将公钥拷贝到master节点

su - postgres
chmod 700 ~
cd ~/.ssh
vi authorized_keys
#standby节点上~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub内容拷贝到这里
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 400 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

# 确保master节点允许公钥验证.

[root@db-192-1-1-5 ~]# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config |grep Pub
PubkeyAuthentication yes

# 如果如果有超时关闭连接的设备, 建议建立隧道.

ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=90 -o ServerAliveCountMax=60 -o CompressionLevel=9 -p remote_direct_ip_ssh_port -CqTfnN -L *:10022:remote_dest_ip:remote_dest_ssh_port postgres@remote_direct_ip

4. 在standby 节点执行pg_receivexlog (早于pg_start_backup开始, 可以拿到所有需要的pg_xlog文件)

pg_receivexlog -D $PGDATA/pg_xlog -v -h 192.1.1.5 -p 5432 -s 60 -U replica

5. 在master节点执行开始备份

psql
psql (9.2.4)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# select pg_start_backup(now()::text);

6. master节点执行完pg_start_backup后, 在standby节点执行rsync.

nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete --exclude=pg_xlog* --exclude=*.pid postgres@192.1.1.5:/data02/pg_root/ /data02/pg_root >>/home/postgres/pg_root.log 2>&1 &
nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete postgres@192.1.1.5:/data09/digoal/ /data09/digoal >>/home/postgres/digoal.log 2>&1 &
nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete postgres@192.1.1.5:/data03/tbs_digoal/ /data03/tbs_digoal >>/home/postgres/tbs_digoal.log 2>&1 &
nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete postgres@192.1.1.5:/data05/tbs_digoal1/ /data05/tbs_digoal1 >>/home/postgres/tbs_digoal1.log 2>&1 &
nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete postgres@192.1.1.5:/data04/tbs_digoal_idx/ /data04/tbs_digoal_idx >>/home/postgres/tbs_digoal_idx.log 2>&1 &
nohup rsync -acvz --progress --rsh='ssh -p 10022' --delete postgres@192.1.1.5:/data06/tbs_digoal_old/ /data06/tbs_digoal_old >>/home/postgres/tbs_digoal_old.log 2>&1 &

pg173212@db-192-168-20-4-> pg_receivexlog --help
pg_receivexlog receives PostgreSQL streaming transaction logs.Usage:pg_receivexlog [OPTION]...Options:-D, --directory=DIR    receive transaction log files into this directory-n, --no-loop          do not loop on connection lost-v, --verbose          output verbose messages-V, --version          output version information, then exit-?, --help             show this help, then exitConnection options:-h, --host=HOSTNAME    database server host or socket directory-p, --port=PORT        database server port number-s, --status-interval=INTERVALtime between status packets sent to server (in seconds)-U, --username=NAME    connect as specified database user-w, --no-password      never prompt for password-W, --password         force password prompt (should happen automatically)
Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>.