敏捷开发教学视频

Modern-day

现代

敏捷英语教学 (agile English teaching)

has come to take the place of rigid, cut-and-dried lessons that are fast becoming a thing of the past.

已经取代了刻板，枯燥的课程，这些课程很快成为过去。

Let me clarify what I mean by agile teaching that is bound to substitute conventional teaching.

让我澄清一下， 敏捷教学必将取代传统教学。

Some decades ago and up until recently it was perfectly valid to choose a certain textbook and go through it module by module together with your students (be it a group or individual learners). Given the abundance of high-quality materials readily accessible online and offline, it is completely unthinkable to proceed with this outdated approach.

几十年前，直到最近，选择一本教科书并与您的学生(无论是小组学习还是个人学习)一起逐个模块地学习是完全有效的。 鉴于可以在线和离线轻松地获得大量高质量的资料，因此继续采用这种过时的方法是完全不可想象的。

What teachers / tutors should do instead is not only to customize the course but to customize ALL the lessons of the course (each and every one of them) to make them relevant and true to life. It sounds like an awful lot of work, which it is. However, these tailor-made classes are a product of continuous self-development and self-perfection — so, this kind of teaching involves learning (for teachers) as well. All the students who start learning English have their own reasons for doing so and most of them need a set of specific topics or skills. Believe me, no single textbook can meet their requirements in full. A halfway decent solution would be to select a few textbooks and shortlist the topics from them that might be relevant for the trainee at hand and then to align your choice with the student’s vision of what’s necessary for him or her. This is an acceptable approach, but not the ultimate one.

相反，老师/导师应该做的不仅是自定义课程，而且要自定义课程的所有课程 (每门课程和每门课程 )，使它们与生活息息相关且真实。 听起来这是一件艰巨的工作。 但是，这些量身定制的课程是不断自我发展和自我完善的产物-因此，这种教学也涉及学习(对教师而言)。 所有开始学习英语的学生都有其自己的理由，其中大多数需要一套特定的主题或技能。 相信我，没有一部教科书能完全满足他们的要求。 一个半途而废的解决方案是选择一些教科书，并从中选出与手边的受训者可能相关的主题，然后将选择与学生对他或她所需要的东西的看法保持一致。 这是可以接受的方法，但不是最终方法。

现在，让我们继续进行更理想的选择-

敏捷教学

(Let’s now move on to a more desirable option —

agile teaching

)

.

。

Its core principle is to customize whatever is customizable: 它的核心原理是自定义任何可自定义的内容：

• when and where the lesson takes place and how long it lasts, whether it’s online or offline

  何时何地教训发生多久它持续，无论是在线还是离线

• the range of topics (technologies, books, films, hobbies, education, etc.)

  主题范围(技术，书籍，电影，爱好，教育等)

• the set of skills (presenting, negotiating, email writing, etc.)

  一套技能 (演讲，谈判，写电子邮件等)

• the vocabulary and grammar (based on the student’s needs)

  词汇和语法 (根据学生的需求)

• the home assignment (depending on the student’s knowledge gaps and interests: if they prefer to read articles or watch videos, etc.)

  家庭作业 (取决于学生的知识差距和兴趣：他们是否喜欢阅读文章或观看视频等)

• the small talk topics (at the beginning and end of the lesson)

  闲聊主题 (在本课的开始和结束时)

and even

乃至

• the attitude to

  mistakes correction

  (which errors to correct and whether to correct them at all)

• 对...的态度

  错误纠正

  (要纠正的错误以及是否要完全纠正的错误)

• the attitude towards

  tests

  and any form of

  assessment

  (some trainees appreciate evaluation, while others are still haunted by nightmares connected to school exams and tests)

• 对待态度

  测试

  以及任何形式的

  评定

  (一些受训者赞赏评估，而其他受训者仍被与学校考试和测试有关的噩梦所困扰)

• the level of

  strictness

  (some students like to be punished with extra homework or hate to be praised for fear of becoming too confident or lazy)

• 的水平

  严格

  (有些学生喜欢因为额外的功课而受到惩罚，或者因为害怕变得过于自信或懒惰而受到讨厌而受到表扬)

• first language

  usage at English lessons (some students’ English fluency is not affected by using a few first-language words at the lesson for the sake of clarity, whereas others’ English acquisition can be seriously impeded)

• 第一语言

  在英语课上的用法(为清楚起见，一些学生的英语流利程度不受该课上使用一些第一语言单词的影响，而其他人的英语习得则可能受到严重阻碍)

All the above-mentioned points should be taken into consideration before and during classes. Ideally, the teacher must go to great lengths to remember details about the trainee’s personal life in order to maintain bespoke small talk with him or her. For instance, if your student loves fishing, make sure to keep returning to that topic in order to kindle their enthusiasm and get them all warmed-up and ready for the lesson ahead. Alternatively, if they had said at the previous class that they were going to attend a birthday party at the weekend, ask them if they had a good time at the party.

在上课前和上课时应考虑所有上述要点。 理想情况下，老师必须竭尽全力记住学员的个人生活细节，以保持与学员定制的闲聊 。 例如，如果您的学生喜欢钓鱼，请确保继续回到该主题，以激发他们的热情，并使他们热身并为上一节课做好准备。 或者，如果他们在上一堂课上说过他们打算在周末参加生日聚会，请问他们在聚会上是否玩得开心。

As a rule,

通常

语言学校 (language schools)

usually take sides with this or that approach demanding all their teachers to never ever speak the first language at the lessons, unfailingly provide tests at the end of modules / semesters, or to compliment students on good results and give some punishment for bad results in the form of extra home assignment, etc. These are just a few examples that go to illustrate that teachers at language schools (even the best ones on the market) are not given total freedom to be resilient and this is completely justified: there must be a clear-cut frame of reference, a clear statement of what the company offers its clients. When it comes to freelance teachers, they are literally free to adopt resilience to be able to deliver made-to-measure lessons.

通常会采取这种或那种方法，要求所有的老师在上课时永远不要说第一门语言，在模块/学期末不间断地提供测试，或者称赞学生成绩良好，并对成绩差的学生给予一定的惩罚。这些仅仅是一些例子，这些例子说明语言学校的老师(甚至是市场上最好的老师)没有给予他们足够的弹性去适应，这是完全合理的：必须有一个明确的参考框架，明确说明公司为客户提供的服务。 对于自由职业者的老师，他们实际上可以自由地采用弹性来交付量身定制的课程。

By way of illustration, take an experienced tutor who has quite a high level of English (C1 / C2) and specializes in IELTS teaching. An acquaintance asks him or her if he or she has a desire or an opportunity to teach English to a young programmer who has just started working and whose English leaves much to be desired. What this developer needs is to improve general English speaking skills to be able to keep up a small-talk conversation with colleagues. In addition, they would like to become better negotiators, as they are going to work in a small team in a startup, where there could arise a lot of potentially problematic scenarios. An old-school tutor would most probably shudder at the thought of having to adapt so much to the needs of one trainee, as opposed to the agile tutor who would thrive on a challenge like that.

举例说明，请一位经验丰富的导师，他的英语水平很高(C1 / C2)，并且专门从事雅思教学 。 一个熟人问他或她是否有向一个刚开始工作且英语水平差强人意的年轻程序员教英语的愿望或机会。 开发人员需要的是提高英语通用技能，以便能够与同事进行简短的交谈。 此外，他们希望成为更好的谈判者，因为他们将在一个新兴的小型团队中工作，在那里可能会出现很多潜在的问题场景。 一位老式的补习家很可能会为必须适应一位学员的需求而发抖，而不是敏捷的补习家在这样的挑战中壮成长。

To recap my method of customization, it is necessary to: 回顾我的定制方法，有必要：

1. find out the requirements of the student (regarding the topics, skills, home assignment, tests, etc)

   找出学生的要求 (关于主题，技能，家庭作业，测试等)

2. do a reality check from time to time to see if your vision coincides with theirs

   不时进行现实检查 ，以查看您的视野是否与他们的视野一致

3. memorize the student’s interests, hobbies and whatever personal information they share with you so as to be able to have meaningful small talk (instead of mere time fillers)

   记住学生的兴趣 ，爱好和他们与您分享的任何个人信息，以便能够进行有意义的闲聊(而不是仅仅浪费时间)

4. research huge volumes of relevant materials (textbooks, online articles, YouTube videos, Ted presentations, etc.) and select exclusively the most useful links to use at the classes and send for homework. The chosen materials must correspond to the trainee’s needs and interests, they must be up to date and thought-provoking, ideally boosting not only language awareness but also general knowledge.

   研究大量相关材料 (教科书，在线文章，YouTube视频，Ted演示文稿等)，并专门选择最有用的链接在课堂上使用并发送作业。 选择的材料必须符合学员的需求和兴趣，它们必须是最新的且发人深省的，理想情况下不仅可以提高语言意识，而且可以提高常识。

Despite the fact that the tutor has a lesson plan and a few additional links and exercises up their sleeve just in case there is spare time at the end of the lesson, it’s essential to be

尽管导师有一个课程计划，还有一些其他链接，并且锻炼自己的袖子，以防万一在课程结束时有空余时间，但必须

自发 (spontaneous )

and not to be afraid to incorporate other materials and topics that pop up during the lesson or to alter the content on the go. For instance, if you have found a perfect video about a modern art exhibition in Tate London museum and your trainee admits that she can’t stand modern art, then it would be wiser to switch immediately to something else instead of imposing the hated topic on the student (for example, your best bet here is to hold a debate where you will try to persuade the student that modern art is not deprived of meaning and value).

并且不要害怕将课程中出现的其他材料和主题纳入其中，或者随时随地更改内容。 例如，如果您在泰特美术馆(Tate London)博物馆找到了一部关于现代艺术展览的完美录像，而您的受训者承认她不能忍受现代艺术，那么明智的做法是立即切换到其他事物，而不是将讨厌的话题强加于人学生(例如，您最好在这里进行一场辩论，在辩论中您将试图说服学生现代艺术没有被剥夺意义和价值)。

Please write your comments and share your ideas as to how to personalize lessons even further. I’ll be immensely grateful!

请写下您的评论，并就如何进一步个性化课程分享您的想法。 我将不胜感激！

翻译自: https://habr.com/en/post/500496/

敏捷开发教学视频