使用amoeba配置mysql读写分离
2024-05-23 19:56:17
一，背景介绍：
Amoeba(变形虫)项目，专注 分布式数据库 proxy 开发。座落与Client、DB Server(s)之间。对客户端透明。具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的query到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库合并结果。要想搭建Amoeba读写分离，首先需要知道MySQL的主从配置。具体的架构图如下图：
二，配置所需的环境：
Amoeba for mysql:192.168.1.28
Master : 192.168.1.247
Slave : 192.168.1.245
database:yazi passwd:root/123456
JDK1.8.0_51
三，具体的搭建和配置步骤如下：
1，配置mysql主从复制，具体参照上篇的mysql主从复制的配置
2，安装配置jdk1.8.0_51以及环境变量
（1），安装jdk命令: rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm
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[root@localhost install ] # ll
total 481168
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8850470 Nov 2 22:43 apache-tomcat-7.0.63. tar .gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 137808216 Jan 13 15:09 jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 33203321 Nov 20 11:31 mysql-5.6.25. tar .gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 312845162 Nov 13 15:19 mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64. tar .gz
[root@localhost install ] # rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:jdk1.8.0_51 ########################################### [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
tools.jar...
localedata.jar...
jfxrt.jar...
plugin.jar...
javaws.jar...
deploy.jar...
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（2)配置环境变量：
[root@localhost install]# vi /etc/profile
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# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
pathmunge () {
case ":${PATH}:" in
*: "$1" :*)
;;
*)
if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
PATH=$PATH:$1
else
PATH=$1:$PATH
fi
esac
}
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
# ksh workaround
EUID=` id -u`
UID=` id -ru`
fi
USER= "`id -un`"
LOGNAME=$USER
MAIL= "/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
pathmunge /sbin
pathmunge /usr/sbin
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
pathmunge /usr/sbin after
pathmunge /sbin after
fi
HOSTNAME=` /bin/hostname 2> /dev/null `
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
umask 002
else
umask 022
fi
for i in /etc/profile .d/*.sh ; do
if [ -r "$i" ]; then
if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
. "$i"
else
. "$i" > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
fi
done
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
export JAVA_HOME= /usr/java/jdk1 .8.0_51
export JRE_HOME= /usr/java/jdk1 .8.0_51 /jre
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME /bin :$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME /lib/dt .jar:$JAVA_HOME /lib/tools .jar
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（3)配置生效和验证：
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[root@FileServerA logs] # source /etc/profile
[root@FileServerA logs] # java -version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.51-b03, mixed mode)
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3，安装配置amoeba
（1）下载amoeba
(http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=41222768202)
(2)压缩包无需安装，直接解压即可
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[root@localhost install ] # unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
Archive: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/
creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/amoeba-core-3 .0.5-RC.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/log4j-1 .2.12.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-lang-2 .4.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-logging-1 .1.1.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-beanutils-1 .8.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-collections-3 .2.1.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/ognl-3 .0.1.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/javassist-3 .11.0.GA.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-common-pool-1 .2.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-pool-1 .6.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/slf4j-api-1 .6.1.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/slf4j-log4j12-1 .6.2.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-common-bean-1 .3.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-common-util-1 .2.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/dom4j-1 .6.1.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/xml-apis-1 .0.b2.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/oro-2 .0.8.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-digester-1 .8.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-net-io-2 .2.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/commons-cli-1 .2.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-common-runtime-1 .3.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-core-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-asm-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-context-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-aop-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/aopalliance-1 .0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-beans-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/spring-expression-3 .0.6.RELEASE.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/plexus-classworlds-2 .4.2-HEXNOVA.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/toolkit-net-benchmark-1 .2.0.jar
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /lib/amoeba-mysql-3 .0.5-RC.jar
creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/benchmark
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/launcher
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/mkdirhier
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/shutdown
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/benchmark .bat
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/launcher .bat
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/benchmark .classpath
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /bin/launcher .classpath
creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/access_list .conf
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/amoeba .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/amoeba .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/dbserver .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/dbServers .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/function .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/functionMap .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/log4j .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/log4j .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/rule .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/rule .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /conf/ruleFunctionMap .xml
creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /benchmark/
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /benchmark/context .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /benchmark/objectMap .dtd
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /benchmark/query .xml
inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /jvm .properties
[root@localhost install ] # mv amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /usr/local/
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（3）amoeba的配置文件详解：
amoeba.xml：定义前端的控制文件，包括前端的端口，用户名和密码
dbServers.xml：定义后端节点的配置文件。设置数据库，登录mysql的账号和密码
a,配置amoeba.xml文件 http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=41222768202
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[root@FileServerA conf] # vim amoeba.xml
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name= "Amoeba for Mysql" class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService" >
<!-- port -->
<property name= "port" >8066< /property > // ***端口号*** //
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<!--
<property name= "ipAddress" >127.0.0.1< /property >
-->
<property name= "connectionFactory" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory" >
<property name= "sendBufferSize" >128< /property >
<property name= "receiveBufferSize" >64< /property >
< /bean >
< /property >
<property name= "authenticateProvider" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator" >
<property name= "user" >root< /property >
<property name= "password" >123456< /property >
"amoeba.xml" 91L, 3099C 30,6-41 8%
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "gbk" ?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd" >
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba= "http://amoeba.meidusa.com/" >
<proxy>
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name= "Amoeba for Mysql" class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService" >
<!-- port -->
<property name= "port" >8066< /property > // 设置其他的端口
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<!--
<property name= "ipAddress" >127.0.0.1< /property >
-->
<property name= "connectionFactory" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory" >
<property name= "sendBufferSize" >128< /property >
<property name= "receiveBufferSize" >64< /property >
< /bean >
< /property >
<property name= "authenticateProvider" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator" >
<property name= "user" >lqb< /property > // ***远程访问代理的用户名和密码*** //
<property name= "password" >123456< /property > // ***用户名和密码*** //
<property name= "filter" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController" >
<property name= "ipFile" >${amoeba.home} /conf/access_list .conf< /property >
< /bean >
< /property >
< /bean >
< /property >
< /service >
<runtime class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext" >
<!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
<property name= "executeThreadSize" >128< /property >
<!-- per connection cache prepared statement size -->
<property name= "statementCacheSize" >500< /property >
<!-- default charset -->
<property name= "serverCharset" >utf8< /property >
<!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
<property name= "queryTimeout" >60< /property >
< /runtime >
< /proxy >
<!--
Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
-->
<connectionManagerList>
<connectionManager name= "defaultManager" class= "com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper" >
<property name= "subManagerClassName" >com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager< /property >
< /connectionManager >
< /connectionManagerList >
<!-- default using file loader -->
<dbServerLoader class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader" >
<property name= "configFile" >${amoeba.home} /conf/dbServers .xml< /property >
< /dbServerLoader >
<queryRouter class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter" >
<property name= "ruleLoader" >
<bean class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader" >
<property name= "ruleFile" >${amoeba.home} /conf/rule .xml< /property >
<property name= "functionFile" >${amoeba.home} /conf/ruleFunctionMap .xml< /property >
< /bean >
< /property >
<property name= "sqlFunctionFile" >${amoeba.home} /conf/functionMap .xml< /property >
<property name= "LRUMapSize" >1500< /property >
<property name= "defaultPool" >master< /property >
<property name= "writePool" >master< /property > // ***写的资源池*** //
<property name= "readPool" >viplqb< /property > // ***写的资源池*** //
<property name= "needParse" > true < /property >
< /queryRouter >
< /amoeba :configuration>
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b,配置dbServers.xml文件
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[root@FileServerA conf] # vim dbServers.xml
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "gbk" ?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd" >
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba= "http://amoeba.meidusa.com/" >
<!--
Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:
add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig
such as 'multiPool' dbServer
-->
<dbServer name= "abstractServer" abstractive= "true" >
<factoryConfig class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory" >
<property name= "connectionManager" >${defaultManager}< /property >
<property name= "sendBufferSize" >64< /property >
<property name= "receiveBufferSize" >128< /property >
<!-- mysql port -->
<property name= "port" >3306< /property > // ***设置mysql访问端口号*** //
<!-- mysql schema -->
<property name= "schema" >yazi< /property > // ***设置mysql访问默认库*** //
<!-- mysql user -->
<property name= "user" >root< /property > // ***登录mysql账号和密码*** //
<property name= "password" >123456< /property >
< /factoryConfig >
<poolConfig class= "com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool" >
<property name= "maxActive" >500< /property >
<property name= "maxIdle" >500< /property >
<property name= "minIdle" >1< /property >
<property name= "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" >600000< /property >
<property name= "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" >600000< /property >
<property name= "testOnBorrow" > true < /property >
<property name= "testOnReturn" > true < /property >
<property name= "testWhileIdle" > true < /property >
< /poolConfig >
< /dbServer >
<dbServer name= "master" parent= "abstractServer" > // ***设置master和ip地址*** //
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name= "ipAddress" >192.168.1.247< /property >
< /factoryConfig >
< /dbServer >
<dbServer name= "slave1" parent= "abstractServer" > // ***设置slave1和ip地址*** //
<factoryConfig> // ***如果有多个slave主机复制本配置到下边继续添加ip地址*** //
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name= "ipAddress" >192.168.1.245< /property >
< /factoryConfig >
< /dbServer >
<dbServer name= "viplqb" virtual= "true" >
<poolConfig class= "com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool" >
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name= "loadbalance" >1< /property > // ***采用轮询方式*** //
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name= "poolNames" >slave1< /property > // ***所有从库的主机都要写上*** //
< /poolConfig >
< /dbServer >
< /amoeba :dbServers>
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（4）启动amoeba并查看是否有报错。
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[root@FileServerA conf] # /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher &
[1] 34774
[root@FileServerA conf] # log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 13:46:11,874 INFO net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0 /0 .0.0.0:8066.
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
2016-07-04 13:47:53 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=32445 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file : /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3 .0.5-RC /conf/log4j .xml
2016-07-04 13:47:53,604 INFO context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file : /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3 .0.5-RC /conf/access_list .conf
2016-07-04 13:47:53,789 INFO net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0 /0 .0.0.0:8066.
2016-07-04 14:22:55 [INFO] ignore signal:HUP
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
2016-07-04 17:31:08 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=34779 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file : /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3 .0.5-RC /conf/log4j .xml
2016-07-04 17:31:08,868 INFO context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file : /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3 .0.5-RC /conf/access_list .conf
2016-07-04 17:31:09,128 INFO net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0 /0 .0.0.0:8066.
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(5)用其他的服务器来进行登录：
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[root@mysqlmaster ~] # mysql -ulqb -p -h192.168.1.28 -P8066
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 965356058
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and /or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and /or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| yazi |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
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备注：当配置这个文件时amoeba.xml ，其他的主机通过代理就可以访问，如上说明amoeba.xml配置的没有问题。
（6）验证读写分离，这个需要配置dbServers.xml这个文件了，接下来即为验证读写分离。
http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=41222768202
（a)在没停掉同步之前在主库247上创建一张表；
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mysql> use yazi;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| sxit |
| test |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table lqb ( id int(10) ,name varchar(10),address varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
|
(b)在从库245上查看，并在slave上停止同步：
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mysql> use yazi;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| lqb |
| sxit |
| test |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
（c)在主从上各插入一条不同的数据
在主库上插入（1，'zhangsan','master');
在从库上插入（2，’lisi','slave);
在主库上执行以下操作：
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mysql> insert into lqb values(1, 'zhangsan' , 'master' );
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+---------+
| 1 | zhangsan | master |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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在从库上执行以下操作：
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mysql> insert into lqb values(2, 'zhangsan' , 'slave' );
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+---------+
| 2 | zhangsan | slave |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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（d)登录amoeba服务器查看读操作：显示的是245slave服务器
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+---------+
| 2 | zhangsan | slave |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
（e）在amoeba服务器上测试以下写操作，查看还是245从库上的数据。
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mysql> insert into lqb values(3, 'wanger' , 'test_write' );
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+---------+
| 2 | zhangsan | slave |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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在主库247上查询，可以看到已插入进来了
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mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+------------+
| 1 | zhangsan | master |
| 3 | wanger | test_write |
+------+----------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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在从库上245查询，还是刚才查询
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mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id | name | address |
+------+----------+---------+
| 2 | zhangsan | slave |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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至此，数据库读写分离已经配置完成，在正式生产环境中，需将读写主机的定义更改，因为数据库用的最多的还是读的操作。我们可以将读或查询交给从来处理，同样的，我们也可以添加多个从主机。让其自动从不同的从主机上读取数据库。
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