如需转载请注明出处https://my.oschina.net/feistel/blog/3007913

1.part6为在Remix上编译测试Solidity编写的智能合约
2.part7为在用geth搭建的私链上部署合约
3.其他部分介绍在ganache-cli模拟链上用truffle编译、部署、调用

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1

图形界面版 本地测试链ganache-cli
https://truffleframework.com/ganache
用于模拟以太坊区块链生态，包括有旷工在挖矿，保证成功部署到测试链上，可以在该链上测试发布智能合约

（注意：ganache关闭后，节点服务的数据也会被清空）

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2

pragma solidity >=0.4.21 <0.6.0;

contract Migrations {
  address public owner;
  uint public last_completed_migration;

constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

modifier restricted() {
    if (msg.sender == owner) _;
  }

function setCompleted(uint completed) public restricted {
    last_completed_migration = completed;
  }

function upgrade(address new_address) public restricted {
    Migrations upgraded = Migrations(new_address);
    upgraded.setCompleted(last_completed_migration);
  }
  
  function getOwner() view public returns (address) {
  return owner;
  }
}

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3

//构建新项目
truffle init
创建part2的Solidity合约代码

//编译，自动编译contracts文件夹下sol文件
truffle compile (--all 强制重新编译所有文件) （--network name，指定使用的网络）

//配置truffle-config.js文件
修改：
development: {
    host: "127.0.0.1",     // Localhost (default: none)
    port: 7545,            // Standard Ethereum port (default: none)
    network_id: "*",       // Any network (default: none)
    }

//部署到区块链上，保证模拟的区块链客户端ganache在运行
//truffle会连接到上述区块链网络中，进行编译
truffle migrate （--reset 表示强制重新部署）

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4

PS E:\@2019\truffle\test> truffle migrate
⚠️  Important ⚠️
If you're using an HDWalletProvider, it must be Web3 1.0 enabled or your migration will hang.

Starting migrations...
======================
> Network name:    'development'
> Network id:      5777
> Block gas limit: 6721975

1_initial_migration.js
======================

Deploying 'Migrations'
   ----------------------
   > transaction hash:    0xecf11deb00bf225021fda820ba1f73ba111d372cdcd8cb485fb1033bbc914e54
   > Blocks: 0            Seconds: 0
   > contract address:    0x77D4F14109d81Dc1d700F9C8A6E9475Fb783D4e9
   > account:             0xf0f6e21B63D0c9eF5A5C6f3E3c3272ABdBC5815E
   > balance:             99.99430184
   > gas used:            284908
   > gas price:           20 gwei
   > value sent:          0 ETH
   > total cost:          0.00569816 ETH

> Saving migration to chain.
   > Saving artifacts
   -------------------------------------
   > Total cost:          0.00569816 ETH

Summary
=======
> Total deployments:   1
> Final cost:          0.00569816 ETH

注:
gas used:284908
gas price:20 gwei
284908 * 20 = 5698160 gwei
5698160 / 1 000 000 000 = 0.005698160 eth
因此，total cost:0.005698160 eth

contract address，合约地址
account，合约账户

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5

与智能合约交互

//进入Truffle控制台，需要在项目文件夹下
//可以使用命令与geth类似，web3
truffle console

//将合约实例赋给instance

let accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts()
accounts
[ '0xf0f6e21B63D0c9eF5A5C6f3E3c3272ABdBC5815E',
  '0x21123d9E48693c7656B904B82e11e2Fa77D09F41',
  '0xd58bcc4Fbb5961FC7E96809B07c9e481981351D2',
  '0x225a3aa18c95e291A14fA25fee51dB6Ce87c1eb4',
  '0x40c8086a4AB47f547B452fF4C3651ab54F1d41Fb',
  '0x0Ce8832b9e9bD099CA0C5aC90cd0712e286B6C39',
  '0xBdF920b656ef5819C312F7575B26ebC035C30520',
  '0x697798292C73F3DfF1E9B9c9eE2A09dc0A4810b4',
  '0x5364d1566C10382E2880123989f006D9AAf4Fea5',
  '0xaCC3e08a27B56436bb4684B3d633d16f9e2456d2' ]

//创建合约实例，以{from: accounts[0]}设为调用者
let instance = await Migrations.deployed({from: accounts[0]})

//查看状态变量Owner
instance.getOwner()
'0xf0f6e21B63D0c9eF5A5C6f3E3c3272ABdBC5815E'

instance.setCompleted(1,{from: accounts[0]})
instance.upgrade(accounts[1],{from: accounts[0]})

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6

使用在线工具，可以直接编译，点击函数进行调用，自动部署到测试链上，无需关心测试链，只需要专心测试智能合约代码
http://remix.ethereum.org/

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7

在自己创建的以太坊本地区块链私链上（用geth创建的），发布智能合约

//启动以太坊节点
geth --identity "newEth" --rpc --rpccorsdomain "*" --datadir .\data\ --port 30303 --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3" --networkid 10 console
--identity，自定义节点名
--rpc，启用HTTP-RPC服务器
--rpccorsdomain，允许跨域请求的域名列表(逗号分隔)(浏览器强制)
--rpcapi，基于HTTP-RPC接口提供的API
--networkid，网络标识符(整型, 1=Frontier, 2=Morden (弃用), 3=Ropsten, 4=Rinkeby) (默认: 1)
保持启动该节点的shell运行，下面操作在truffle项目另开shell窗口。
注：创建以太坊私链节点参考 以太坊又是啥？ part7
https://my.oschina.net/feistel/blog/3007768

用truffle部署前先配置truffle-config.js文件，如part3所示
development: {
    host: "127.0.0.1",     // Localhost (default: none)
    port: 8545,            // Standard Ethereum port (default: none)
    network_id: "*",       // Any network (default: none)
    from: "0x5586fd7bb8b81992526bbf6bf707f0eba9ab3c7a",
    gas: 4712387
    }
注：1.需要指定部署合约的地址from，该地址是在私链节点上创建的，并且需要解锁
    2.需要指定gas

//接着
truffle compile
truffle migrate

即可部署到私链上。

//如果节点没有开始挖矿吗，在节点shell上，可以看到有一个待确认交易在交易池中
txpool.status
{
  pending: 1,
  queued: 0
}

//让节点开始挖矿
miner.start(1)

要调用合约，回到part5

其中在truffle看到如下：
⚠️  Important ⚠️
If you're using an HDWalletProvider, it must be Web3 1.0 enabled or your migration will hang.

Starting migrations...
======================
> Network name:    'development'
> Network id:      10
> Block gas limit: 4712388

1_initial_migration.js
======================

Deploying 'Migrations'
   ----------------------
   > transaction hash:    0x097f821a5cf84410a0c16d4987f86df061b154413e05d3efb0d5b55a3ea35732
   > Blocks: 0            Seconds: 0
   > contract address:    0xA920f6F9Aa3993e8cf11f70D3e3c581671B173e6
   > account:             0x5586fd7bb8b81992526BbF6bf707F0eba9ab3C7a
   > balance:             114.99242616
   > gas used:            321992
   > gas price:           20 gwei
   > value sent:          0 ETH
   > total cost:          0.00643984 ETH

> Saving migration to chain.
   > Saving artifacts
   -------------------------------------
   > Total cost:          0.00643984 ETH

Summary
=======
> Total deployments:   1
> Final cost:          0.00643984 ETH

如需转载请注明出处https://my.oschina.net/feistel/blog/3007913