分类

Android的notification有以下几种:

1>普通notification

图1

1. 标题，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentTitle(String title)来设置

2. 大图标，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setLargeIcon(Bitmap icon)来设置

3. 内容，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentText("ContentText")来设置

4. 内容附加信息，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentInfo("ContentInfo")来设置

5. 小图标，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setSmallIcon(int icon)来设置

6. 时间，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setWhen(when)来设置

注：

一个notification不必对上面所有的选项都进行设置，但有3项是必须的：

• 小图标, set by setSmallIcon()

• 标题, set by setContentTitle()

• 内容, set by setContentText()

2>大布局Notification

图2

大布局notification是在android4.1以后才增加的，大布局notification与小布局notification只在‘7'部分有区别，其它部分都一致。大布局notification只有在所有notification的最上面时才会显示大布局，其它情况下显示小布局。你也可以用手指将其扩展为大布局(前提是它是大布局)。如下图：

图3

大布局notification有三种类型：如图2为NotificationCompat.InboxStyle 类型。图3左部为NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle。图3右部 为：NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle.

InboxStyle类型的notification看起来和BigTextStyle类型的notification，那么他们有什么不同呢？对于InboxStyle类型的notification，图2的‘7’位置处每行都是很简短的，第一行和最后两行由于‍内容很长，则使用了省略号略去了过长的内容‍；而图3的左图中，BigTextStyle类型的notification则是将过长的内容分在了多行显示。

3>自定义布局notification

除了系统提供的notification，我们也可以自定义notification。如下图所示的一个音乐播放器控制notification:

图4

创建自定义的notification

　　　　1>实例化一个NotificationCompat.Builder对象;如builder

　　　　2>调用builder的相关方法对notification进行上面提到的各种设置

　　　　3>调用builder.build()方法此方法返回一个notification对象。

　　　　4>获取系统负责通知的NotificationManager；如：manager

　　　　5>调用manager的notify方法。

示例代码

示例程序截图：

图5

0>初始化部分代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {private int[] btns = new int[] { R.id.normal, R.id.inboxStyle, R.id.bigTextStyle, R.id.bigPicStyle, R.id.customize, R.id.progress,R.id.cancelNotification };private NotificationManager manager;private Bitmap icon = null;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_NORMAL = 1;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_INBOX = 2;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGTEXT = 3;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGPIC = 4;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_CUSTOMIZE = 5;private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS = 6;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);// 获取系统的通知服务manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);icon = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher);for (int btn : btns) {findViewById(btn).setOnClickListener(this);}}@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.normal:showNormalNotification();break;case R.id.inboxStyle:showInboxStyleNotification();break;case R.id.bigTextStyle:showBigTextStyleNotification();break;case R.id.bigPicStyle:showBigPicStyleNotification();break;case R.id.customize:showCustomizeNotification();break;case R.id.progress:showProgressBar();break;case R.id.cancelNotification:cancelNotification();break;default:break;}}
}

1>普通notification

private void showNormalNotification() {Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this).setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setTicker("NormalNotification").setContentInfo("ContentInfo").setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText").setAutoCancel(true).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL).build();manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_NORMAL, notification);
}

2>大布局Text类型notification

private void showBigTextStyleNotification() {NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle textStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle();textStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle").setSummaryText("SummaryText").bigText("I am Big Texttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt"+ "tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt"+ "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!......");Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this).setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setTicker("showBigTextStyleNotification").setContentInfo("contentInfo").setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText").setStyle(textStyle).setAutoCancel(false).setShowWhen(false).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL).build();manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGTEXT, notification);
}

3> 大布局Inbox类型notification

private void showInboxStyleNotification() {String[] lines = new String[]{"line1", "line2", "line3"};NotificationCompat.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new NotificationCompat.InboxStyle();inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle").setSummaryText("SummaryText");for (int i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {inboxStyle.addLine(lines[i]);}Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this).setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setTicker("showBigView_Inbox").setContentInfo("ContentInfo").setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText").setStyle(inboxStyle).setAutoCancel(true).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL).build();manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_INBOX, notification);
}

4>大布局Picture类型notification

private void showBigPicStyleNotification() {NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle pictureStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle();pictureStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle").setSummaryText("SummaryText").bigPicture(icon);Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this).setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setTicker("showBigPicStyleNotification").setContentInfo("ContentInfo").setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText").setStyle(pictureStyle).setAutoCancel(true).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL).build();manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGPIC, notification);
}

5>自定义notification
效果图：

图6

并对中间的播放按钮做了一个简单的点击处理事件：

private void showCustomizeNotification() {RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_notification);Intent intent = new Intent(this, PlayMusicActivity.class);PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intent, 0);remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.paly_pause_music, pendingIntent);NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);builder.setContent(remoteViews).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setLargeIcon(icon).setOngoing(true).setTicker("music is playing").setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL);manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_CUSTOMIZE, builder.build());
}

布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:gravity="center_vertical"android:orientation="horizontal" ><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/singer_pic"android:layout_width="64dp"android:layout_height="64dp"android:src="@drawable/singer" /><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:gravity="center_vertical"android:orientation="horizontal" ><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/last_music"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="48dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:src="@drawable/player_previous" /><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/paly_pause_music"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="48dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:src="@drawable/player_pause" /><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/next_music"android:layout_width="0dp"android:layout_height="48dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:src="@drawable/player_next" /></LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

带进度条的notification：

private void showProgressBar() {final NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);builder.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).setTicker("showProgressBar").setContentInfo("ContentInfo").setOngoing(true).setContentTitle("Downloading...").setContentText("ContentText");new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {int progress = 0;for (progress = 0; progress < 100; progress += 5) {//将setProgress的第三个参数设为true即可显示为无明确进度的进度条样式//builder.setProgress(100, progress, true);builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS, builder.build());try {// Sleep for 5 secondsThread.sleep(2 * 1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {}}builder.setContentTitle("Download complete").setProgress(0, 0, false).setOngoing(false);manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS, builder.build());}}).start();
}