Python写一个迷宫小游戏

开发环境

Python版本：3.6.4
相关模块：
pygame模块；
以及一些Python自带的模块。

原码、安装包（点击领取即可）

原理介绍

游戏规则：
玩家通过↑↓←→键控制主角行动，使主角从出发点(左上角)绕出迷宫，到达终点(右下角)即为游戏胜利。
逐步实现：
首先，当然是创建迷宫啦，为了方便，这里采用随机生成迷宫的方式(人工设计真的费眼睛，弄到一半不想弄了，有兴趣的可以自行尝试。)。思路其实很简单，就是把游戏界面划分成多个cell，类似这样子：

然后设计算法遍历所有的cell，每个被遍历到的cell在某几个随机的方向上打开一堵墙(就是去掉分割cell的线条)就ok啦~
具体而言，代码实现如下：

'''随机生成迷宫类'''
class RandomMaze():def __init__(self, maze_size, block_size, border_size, **kwargs):self.block_size = block_sizeself.border_size = border_sizeself.maze_size = maze_sizeself.blocks_list = RandomMaze.createMaze(maze_size, block_size, border_size)self.font = pygame.font.SysFont('Consolas', 15)'''画到屏幕上'''def draw(self, screen):for row in range(self.maze_size[0]):for col in range(self.maze_size[1]):self.blocks_list[row][col].draw(screen)# 起点和终点标志showText(screen, self.font, 'S', (255, 0, 0), (self.border_size[0]-10, self.border_size[1]))showText(screen, self.font, 'D', (255, 0, 0), (self.border_size[0]+(self.maze_size[1]-1)*self.block_size, self.border_size[1]+self.maze_size[0]*self.block_size+5))'''创建迷宫'''@staticmethoddef createMaze(maze_size, block_size, border_size):def nextBlock(block_now, blocks_list):directions = ['top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right']blocks_around = dict(zip(directions, [None]*4))block_next = Nonecount = 0# 查看上边blockif block_now.coordinate[1]-1 >= 0:block_now_top = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]-1][block_now.coordinate[0]]if not block_now_top.is_visited:blocks_around['top'] = block_now_topcount += 1# 查看下边blockif block_now.coordinate[1]+1 < maze_size[0]:block_now_bottom = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]+1][block_now.coordinate[0]]if not block_now_bottom.is_visited:blocks_around['bottom'] = block_now_bottomcount += 1# 查看左边blockif block_now.coordinate[0]-1 >= 0:block_now_left = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]][block_now.coordinate[0]-1]if not block_now_left.is_visited:blocks_around['left'] = block_now_leftcount += 1# 查看右边blockif block_now.coordinate[0]+1 < maze_size[1]:block_now_right = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]][block_now.coordinate[0]+1]if not block_now_right.is_visited:blocks_around['right'] = block_now_rightcount += 1if count > 0:while True:direction = random.choice(directions)if blocks_around.get(direction):block_next = blocks_around.get(direction)if direction == 'top':block_next.has_walls[1] = Falseblock_now.has_walls[0] = Falseelif direction == 'bottom':block_next.has_walls[0] = Falseblock_now.has_walls[1] = Falseelif direction == 'left':block_next.has_walls[3] = Falseblock_now.has_walls[2] = Falseelif direction == 'right':block_next.has_walls[2] = Falseblock_now.has_walls[3] = Falsebreakreturn block_nextblocks_list = [[Block([col, row], block_size, border_size) for col in range(maze_size[1])] for row in range(maze_size[0])]block_now = blocks_list[0][0]records = []while True:if block_now:if not block_now.is_visited:block_now.is_visited = Truerecords.append(block_now)block_now = nextBlock(block_now, blocks_list)else:block_now = records.pop()if len(records) == 0:breakreturn blocks_list

接下来就是定义角色类啦，角色类需要根据用户的操作进行上下左右的移动，同时，保证移动是不能跨越墙的就OK了~具体而言，代码实现如下：

'''定义hero'''
class Hero(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, imagepath, coordinate, block_size, border_size, **kwargs):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.image.load(imagepath)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (block_size, block_size))self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.left, self.rect.top = coordinate[0] * block_size + border_size[0], coordinate[1] * block_size + border_size[1]self.coordinate = coordinateself.block_size = block_sizeself.border_size = border_size'''移动'''def move(self, direction, maze):blocks_list = maze.blocks_listif direction == 'up':if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[0]:return Falseelse:self.coordinate[1] = self.coordinate[1] - 1return Trueelif direction == 'down':if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[1]:return Falseelse:self.coordinate[1] = self.coordinate[1] + 1return Trueelif direction == 'left':if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[2]:return Falseelse:self.coordinate[0] = self.coordinate[0] - 1return Trueelif direction == 'right':if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[3]:return Falseelse:self.coordinate[0] = self.coordinate[0] + 1return Trueelse:raise ValueError('Unsupport direction <%s> in Hero.move...' % direction)'''绑定到屏幕'''def draw(self, screen):self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.coordinate[0] * self.block_size + self.border_size[0], self.coordinate[1] * self.block_size + self.border_size[1]screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)

最后，就是写下游戏主循环，这个其实也很简单，只要每次载入一个随机生成的迷宫地图和实例化一个主角，然后不断进行按键检测，并根据按键检测的结果移动主角，最后根据行动结果更新界面数据就OK了~当然，若主角到达了终点，则进入关卡切换界面。
具体而言，代码实现如下：

'''主函数'''
def main(cfg):# 初始化pygame.init()pygame.mixer.init()pygame.font.init()pygame.mixer.music.load(cfg.BGMPATH)pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)screen = pygame.display.set_mode(cfg.SCREENSIZE)pygame.display.set_caption('Maze - 微信公众号: Charles的皮卡丘')font = pygame.font.SysFont('Consolas', 15)# 开始界面Interface(screen, cfg, 'game_start')# 记录关卡数num_levels = 0# 记录最少用了多少步通关best_scores = 'None'# 关卡循环切换while True:num_levels += 1clock = pygame.time.Clock()screen = pygame.display.set_mode(cfg.SCREENSIZE)# --随机生成关卡地图maze_now = RandomMaze(cfg.MAZESIZE, cfg.BLOCKSIZE, cfg.BORDERSIZE)# --生成herohero_now = Hero(cfg.HEROPICPATH, [0, 0], cfg.BLOCKSIZE, cfg.BORDERSIZE)# --统计步数num_steps = 0# --关卡内主循环while True:dt = clock.tick(cfg.FPS)screen.fill((255, 255, 255))is_move = False# ----↑↓←→控制herofor event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit(-1)elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_UP:is_move = hero_now.move('up', maze_now)elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:is_move = hero_now.move('down', maze_now)elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:is_move = hero_now.move('left', maze_now)elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:is_move = hero_now.move('right', maze_now)num_steps += int(is_move)hero_now.draw(screen)maze_now.draw(screen)# ----显示一些信息showText(screen, font, 'LEVELDONE: %d' % num_levels, (255, 0, 0), (10, 10))showText(screen, font, 'BESTSCORE: %s' % best_scores, (255, 0, 0), (210, 10))showText(screen, font, 'USEDSTEPS: %s' % num_steps, (255, 0, 0), (410, 10))showText(screen, font, 'S: your starting point    D: your destination', (255, 0, 0), (10, 600))# ----判断游戏是否胜利if (hero_now.coordinate[0] == cfg.MAZESIZE[1] - 1) and (hero_now.coordinate[1] == cfg.MAZESIZE[0] - 1):breakpygame.display.update()# 更新最优成绩if best_scores == 'None':best_scores = num_stepselse:if best_scores > num_steps:best_scores = num_steps# 关卡切换Interface(screen, cfg, mode='game_switch')

效果展示

有啥不懂的或者有啥问题都可以私信小编的哟，需要源码也可以找小编领取哟~~~