Android Badge技术分析

Badge红点最初来自于IOS的UX设计之中，早期版本的Android原生并没有这个设计，从Android O(SDK 26)开始，Google才开始提供官方的API。在这之前我们看到的各种手机系统上的Badge实际上是各个手机厂商的Rom中，自己对Launcher添加了这个Feature，因此也造成了一些问题，比如碎片化严重，没有统一的API。APP如果要使用Badge需要针对不同厂商的ROM进行定向开发。下面是目前主流的手机厂商Badge功能的具体实现。

API 26之前：

在API 26之前，由于没有统一的系统API，需要对判断手机型号，并定向处理。主要的方式有三种：第一种是通过反射调用厂商自己定义的framework方法(如小米)，第二种是发送Badge的对应广播(如三星)，第三种是通过ContentProvider实现(如华为)。有的手机ROM甚至还要添加特定的权限才能够生效(如华为)。根据测试结果，实际还是有很多手机上无法生效。一方面可能是因为一些手机ROM中没有Badge的Feature，另一方面是厂商对这一权限有比较严格的限制，比如设置白名单，默认禁止通知等。

@Unreliable
public class NotificationBadgeUtil {public static final String TAG = "NotificationBadgeUtil";private static final String SYSTEM_XIAOMI = "XIAOMI";private static final String SYSTEM_SAMSUNG = "SAMSUNG";private static final String SYSTEM_HUAWEI_HONOR = "HONOR";private static final String SYSTEM_HUAWEI = "HUAWEI";private static final String SYSTEM_NOVA = "NOVA";private static final String SYSTEM_SONY = "SONY";private static final String SYSTEM_VIVO = "VIVO";private static final String SYSTEM_OPPO = "OPPO";private static final String SYSTEM_LG = "LG";private static final String SYSTEM_ZUK = "ZUK";private static final String SYSTEM_HTC = "HTC";private static boolean hasInit = false;private static String OSName = null;/*** The static method to show a badge while using notification.** Google provide system API for badges works in launcher since Android O,* if SDK version is older than Android O, you can using variant phone custom* launcher badge ways like dealing in this method. But some specific phone* models seems don`t support system API even though API over Android O, like* my HUAWEI P9 Android O.** @param context Context for notification dependence.* @param notification Notification object correspond to badge.* @param NOTIFICATION_ID The notification channel id.* @param num The count of badges. Cancel notification if count is 0.*/public static void showBadge(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {if (!hasInit) {init();}OSName = Build.BRAND.trim().toUpperCase();if (notification != null) {if (num < 0) num = 0;if (num > 99) num = 99;Log.e("system_name", OSName);if (OSName != null) {if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_XIAOMI)) {setBadgeOfXiaomi(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_SAMSUNG) || OSName.equals(SYSTEM_LG)) {setBadgeOfSamsung(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_HUAWEI_HONOR) || OSName.equals(SYSTEM_HUAWEI)) {setBadgeOfHuaWei(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_SONY)) {setBadgeOfSony(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_VIVO)) {setBadgeOfVIVO(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_OPPO)) {setBadgeOfOPPO(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_ZUK)) {setBadgeOfZUK(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_HTC)) {setBadgeOfHTC(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else if (OSName.equals(SYSTEM_NOVA)) {setBadgeOfNOVA(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);} else {setBadgeOfDefault(context, notification, NOTIFICATION_ID, num);}}}}private static void init() {OSName = android.os.Build.BRAND.trim().toUpperCase();hasInit = true;}private static void setBadgeOfXiaomi(final Context context, final Notification notification, final int NOTIFICATION_ID, final int num) {new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {try {Field field = notification.getClass().getDeclaredField("extraNotification");Object extraNotification = field.get(notification);Method method = extraNotification.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("setMessageCount", int.class);method.invoke(extraNotification, num);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("Xiaomi" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);}}, 550);}private static void setBadgeOfSamsung(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {String launcherClassName = getLauncherClassName(context);if (launcherClassName == null) {return;}try {Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.BADGE_COUNT_UPDATE");intent.putExtra("badge_count", num);intent.putExtra("badge_count_package_name", context.getPackageName());intent.putExtra("badge_count_class_name", launcherClassName);context.sendBroadcast(intent);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("SAMSUNG" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}/*Need permission for HUAWEI models:<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /><uses-permission android:name="com.huawei.android.launcher.permission.CHANGE_BADGE" />*/private static void setBadgeOfHuaWei(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {Bundle localBundle = new Bundle();localBundle.putString("package", context.getPackageName());localBundle.putString("class", getLauncherClassName(context));localBundle.putInt("badgenumber", num);context.getContentResolver().call(Uri.parse("content://com.huawei.android.launcher.settings/badge/"), "change_badge", null, localBundle);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("HUAWEI" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfSony(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {String numString = "";String activityName = getLauncherClassName(context);if (activityName == null) {return;}Intent localIntent = new Intent();boolean isShow = true;if (num < 1) {numString = "";isShow = false;} else if (num > 99) {numString = "99";}try {localIntent.putExtra("com.sonyericsson.home.intent.extra.badge.SHOW_MESSAGE", isShow);localIntent.setAction("com.sonyericsson.home.action.UPDATE_BADGE");localIntent.putExtra("com.sonyericsson.home.intent.extra.badge.ACTIVITY_NAME", activityName);localIntent.putExtra("com.sonyericsson.home.intent.extra.badge.MESSAGE", numString);localIntent.putExtra("com.sonyericsson.home.intent.extra.badge.PACKAGE_NAME", context.getPackageName());context.sendBroadcast(localIntent);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("SONY" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfVIVO(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {Intent localIntent = new Intent("launcher.action.CHANGE_APPLICATION_NOTIFICATION_NUM");localIntent.putExtra("packageName", context.getPackageName());localIntent.putExtra("className", getLauncherClassName(context));localIntent.putExtra("notificationNum", num);context.sendBroadcast(localIntent);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("VIVO" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfOPPO(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {if (num == 0) {num = -1;}Intent intent = new Intent("com.oppo.unsettledevent");intent.putExtra("pakeageName", context.getPackageName());intent.putExtra("number", num);intent.putExtra("upgradeNumber", num);if (canResolveBroadcast(context, intent)) {context.sendBroadcast(intent);} else {try {Bundle extras = new Bundle();extras.putInt("app_badge_count", num);context.getContentResolver().call(Uri.parse("content://com.android.badge/badge"), "setAppBadgeCount", null, extras);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Throwable th) {Log.e("OPPO" + " Badge error", "unable to resolve intent: " + intent.toString());}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("OPPO" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfZUK(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://com.android.badge/badge");try {Bundle extra = new Bundle();extra.putInt("app_badge_count", num);context.getContentResolver().call(CONTENT_URI, "setAppBadgeCount", null, extra);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("ZUK" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfHTC(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {Intent intent1 = new Intent("com.htc.launcher.action.SET_NOTIFICATION");intent1.putExtra("com.htc.launcher.extra.COMPONENT", context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(context.getPackageName()).getComponent().flattenToShortString());intent1.putExtra("com.htc.launcher.extra.COUNT", num);Intent intent = new Intent("com.htc.launcher.action.UPDATE_SHORTCUT");intent.putExtra("packagename", context.getPackageName());intent.putExtra("count", num);if (canResolveBroadcast(context, intent1) || canResolveBroadcast(context, intent)) {context.sendBroadcast(intent1);context.sendBroadcast(intent);} else {Log.e("HTC" + " Badge error", "unable to resolve intent: " + intent.toString());}NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("HTC" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfNOVA(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();contentValues.put("tag", context.getPackageName() + "/" + getLauncherClassName(context));contentValues.put("count", num);context.getContentResolver().insert(Uri.parse("content://com.teslacoilsw.notifier/unread_count"), contentValues);NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("NOVA" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static void setBadgeOfDefault(Context context, Notification notification, int NOTIFICATION_ID, int num) {try {Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.BADGE_COUNT_UPDATE");intent.putExtra("badge_count", num);intent.putExtra("badge_count_package_name", context.getPackageName());intent.putExtra("badge_count_class_name", getLauncherClassName(context));if (canResolveBroadcast(context, intent)) {context.sendBroadcast(intent);} else {Log.e("Default" + " Badge error", "unable to resolve intent: " + intent.toString());}NotificationManager notifyMgr = (NotificationManager) (context.getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE));if (num != 0) notifyMgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);else notifyMgr.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();Log.e("Default" + " Badge error", "set Badge failed");}}private static String getLauncherClassName(Context context) {PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);intent.setPackage(context.getPackageName());intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);ResolveInfo info = packageManager.resolveActivity(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);if (info == null) {info = packageManager.resolveActivity(intent, 0);}return info.activityInfo.name;}private static boolean canResolveBroadcast(Context context, Intent intent) {PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();List<ResolveInfo> receivers = packageManager.queryBroadcastReceivers(intent, 0);return receivers != null && receivers.size() > 0;}
}

API 26及之后：

Google在Android O中终于添加了Badge的API。只需要在mShowBadge为true的NotificationChannel中发送notification即可实现Badge。官方文档地址：https://developer.android.com/training/notify-user/badges

            val mChannel = NotificationChannel(_channelId, packageName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW).apply {description = ""setShowBadge(true)}val notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManagernotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel).....................val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this@BadgeTestActivity, _channelId).setContentTitle("New Messages").setContentText("You've received 3 new messages.").setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon_background).setNumber(count).build().......................val notifyMgr = getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManagernotifyMgr.notify(0, notification)

但是需要注意的是，并非所有的Android O以上的系统都可以使用Google提供的API来实现Badge。我手边的两台Android O手机中，三星S9是可以的，而华为P9则不行。华为P9即使在8.0系统上，依旧需要使用Android O之前的方法来实现Badge，Google的API并不会生效。猜测原因是华为的Launcher Badge并没有去支持Google的API，而是依旧使用自己ROM里面之前的实现方法。

Demo地址(存放在我的Framework库中，参见NotificationBadgeUtil.java)：

https://github.com/Haocxx/HaocxxFrameworkForAndroid

参考资料：

http://www.androidchina.net/4093.html

https://github.com/Cedric-Xuan/SNSNotificationBadge

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[Android] Android Badge技术分析

Android Badge技术分析

API 26之前：

API 26及之后：

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