CI/CD

一、环境搭建：

主机	IP	服务
master	192.168.1.40	K8s、Harbor
node1	192.168.1.41	K8s
Jenkins	192.168.1.42	jenkins
Gitlab	192.168.1.43	gitlab

1.搭建K8s

1.1 安装Docker

其余需要Docker环境根据此步骤执行

[root@master ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@master ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
[root@master ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@master ~]# yum repolist
[root@master ~]# yum makecache
[root@master ~]# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r
[root@master ~]# yum -y install docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7 docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7 containerd.io-1.2.10-el7
[root@master ~]# docker version
Client:Version:           18.09.0API version:       1.39Go version:        go1.10.4Git commit:        4d60db4Built:             Wed Nov  7 00:48:22 2018OS/Arch:           linux/amd64Experimental:      falseServer: Docker Engine - CommunityEngine:Version:          18.09.0API version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)Go version:       go1.10.4Git commit:       4d60db4Built:            Wed Nov  7 00:19:08 2018OS/Arch:          linux/amd64Experimental:     false
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://z1pa8k3e.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl  start docker.service
[root@master ~]# systemctl  enable  docker.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

1.2 安装K8s master节点

1.2.1 安装K8s的提前准备

[root@master ~]# systemctl  stop firewalld
[root@master ~]# systemctl  disable firewalld
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@master ~]# iptables -F   //清空
[root@master ~]# iptables-save //保存
[root@master ~]# swapoff -a
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/fstab
......
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
......
[root@master ~]# free -h    //验证swap确实关闭total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           2.7G        534M        1.7G         13M        562M        2.0G
Swap:            0B          0B          0B
[root@master ~]# vim  /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.40 master
192.168.1.41 node01
[root@master ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@master ~]# ssh-copy-id root@node01
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
[root@master ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

1.2.2 安装master节点

[root@master ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo  <<EOF
> [kubernetes]
> name=Kubernetes
> baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
> enabled=1
> gpgcheck=1
> repo_gpgcheck=1
> gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
> EOF
[root@master ~]# scp -rp /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo node01:/etc/yum.repos.d/
kubernetes.repo                                                   100%  276   135.6KB/s   00:00
[root@master ~]# yum -y install kubelet-1.15.0 kubeadm-1.15.0 kubectl-1.15.0
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.#下载K8s环境基础镜像
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.3.10
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.3.1
[root@master ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1#因为是从阿里云下载的镜像所以需要改名
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.3.10 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10
[root@master ~]# docker tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.3.1 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1
[root@master ~]# docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1#初始化K8s
[root@master ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.15.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/15 --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap
......
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:mkdir -p $HOME/.kubesudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/configsudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/configYou should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:kubeadm join 192.168.1.40:6443 --token agclkg.2oy26svx0xvw5ixv \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:584021231c5f1da1dd92dcbb8fc2694c1b67f44d3b34dba07fe650842453abf2
[root@master ~]#  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@master ~]#   sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@master ~]#   sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config#添加网络组件（flannel）[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds created
[root@master ~]# kubectl  get  nodes
NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
master   Ready    master   83s   v1.15.0
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-5c98db65d4-c9rzw         1/1     Running   0          94s
kube-system   coredns-5c98db65d4-v6gvm         1/1     Running   0          94s
kube-system   etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          43s
kube-system   kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          35s
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          36s
kube-system   kube-flannel-ds-gqlvz            1/1     Running   0          62s
kube-system   kube-proxy-t29np                 1/1     Running   0          94s
kube-system   kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          40s#设置kubectl命令行工具自动补全功能
[root@master ~]# yum install -y bash-completion
[root@master ~]# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
[root@master ~]# source <(kubectl completion bash)
[root@master ~]# echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
[root@master ~]# cat  > .vimrc  <<EOF
> set tabstop=2
> EOF

1.3 安装K8s node节点

此处为测试环境只配置了一台节点！！！

[root@node01 ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.15.0 kubeadm-1.15.0
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl  enable  kubelet.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@node01 ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1
[root@node01 ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0
[root@node01 ~]# docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
[root@node01 ~]# docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.0
[root@node01 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.1.40:6443 --token agclkg.2oy26svx0xvw5ixv \
>     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:584021231c5f1da1dd92dcbb8fc2694c1b67f44d3b34dba07fe650842453abf2

2.搭建Jenkins

根据1.1步骤安装docker环境

2.1 安装jdk（java）

jdk网址

[root@jenkins ~]# mkdir software
[root@jenkins ~]# cd software/
[root@jenkins software]# ls
jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz  jenkins-2.190.3-1.1.noarch_2.rpm
[root@jenkins software]# tar -zxf jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@jenkins software]# mv jdk1.8.0_231   /usr/java
[root@jenkins software]# vim /etc/profile
[root@jenkins software]# tail -4 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jre
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
[root@jenkins software]# source  /etc/profile
[root@jenkins software]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_231"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_231-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.231-b11, mixed mode)

2.2 安装jenkins

[root@jenkins software]# ls
jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz  jenkins-2.190.3-1.1.noarch_2.rpm
[root@jenkins software]# rpm -ivh jenkins-2.190.3-1.1.noarch_2.rpm
警告：jenkins-2.190.3-1.1.noarch_2.rpm: 头V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID d50582e6: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...1:jenkins-2.190.3-1.1              ################################# [100%]

2.3 添加jenkins启动依赖的JDK路径。

[root@jenkins software]# vim /etc/init.d/jenkins
......83 /usr/bin/java84 /usr/java/bin/java
......
[root@jenkins software]# systemctl  start  jenkins
[root@jenkins software]# ss -lnt | grep 8080
LISTEN     0      50          :::8080                    :::*
[root@jenkins software]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
ddbbf205ccfb433c893b5a1b6aa7545f

下载需要支持Gitlab和汉化包

网络原因，此处选择已下载好的！！！

[root@jenkins software]# cd /var/lib/jenkins/
[root@jenkins jenkins]# ls
jenkins-plugins.tar.gz
[root@jenkins jenkins]# mv plugins plugins.bak
[root@jenkins jenkins]# tar -zxf jenkins-plugins.tar.gz
[root@jenkins jenkins]# ls plugins
ace-editor                              matrix-auth.jpi
ace-editor.jpi                          matrix-project
ant                                     matrix-project.jpi
antisamy-markup-formatter               momentjs
antisamy-markup-formatter.jpi           momentjs.jpi
ant.jpi                                 pam-auth.jpi.tmp
......
[root@jenkins jenkins]# service  jenkins  restart
Restarting jenkins (via systemctl):                        [  确定  ]

3.搭建Gitlab

[root@gitlab ~]# yum -y install curl policycoreutils openssh-server openssh-clients postfix
[root@gitlab ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-10.2.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@gitlab ~]# yum -y install  gitlab-ce-10.2.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@gitlab ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://192.168.1.43'
[root@gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure

4.搭建Harbor

此处为测试环境所以仓库安装在K8s的master节点上。

4.1 下载Docker-compse工具

[root@master ~]# curl -L  https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@master ~]# tar -zxPf docker-compose.1.25.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin/
[root@master ~]# chmod  +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@master ~]# docker-compose -v
docker-compose version 1.25.0, build 0a186604
[root@master ~]# yum -y install yum-utlis device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

4.2 下载Harbor

[root@master ~]# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/harbor-releases/release-1.7.0/harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.4.tgz
[root@master ~]# ls
harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.4.tgz  docker-compose.1.25.0.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# tar -zxf harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.4.tgz  -C /usr/local/
[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/harbor/
[root@master harbor]# vim harbor.cfg
......
hostname = 192.168.1.40
......
[root@master harbor]# ./install.sh

二、模拟web

1.关联Harbor

1.2 k8s连接Harbor

创建证书

PS：在节点服务器和jenkins服务器也需要添加仓库地址！！！！

[root@master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.serviceExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry 192.168.1.40
[root@master ~]# systemctl  daemon-reload
[root@master ~]# systemctl  restart docker
[root@master ~]# docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 192.168.1.40
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded
[root@master ~]#  cat ~/.docker/config.json
{"auths": {"192.168.1.40": {"auth": "YWRtaW46SGFyYm9yMTIzNDU="}},"HttpHeaders": {"User-Agent": "Docker-Client/18.09.0 (linux)"}
}

进行base加密

[root@master ~]# cat .docker/config.json | base64
ewoJImF1dGhzIjogewoJCSIxOTIuMTY4LjEuNDAiOiB7CgkJCSJhdXRoIjogIllXUnRhVzQ2U0dG
eVltOXlNVEl6TkRVPSIKCQl9Cgl9LAoJIkh0dHBIZWFkZXJzIjogewoJCSJVc2VyLUFnZW50Ijog
IkRvY2tlci1DbGllbnQvMTguMDkuMCAobGludXgpIgoJfQp9

创建Secret资源

[root@master ~]#  vim secret.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:name: registry-secret
data:.dockerconfigjson: ewoJImF1dGhzIjogewoJCSIxOTIuMTY4LjEuNDAiOiB7CgkJCSJhdXRoIjogIllXUnRhVzQ2U0dGeVltOXlNVEl6TkRVPSIKCQl9Cgl9LAoJIkh0dHBIZWFkZXJzIjogewoJCSJVc2VyLUFnZW50IjogIkRvY2tlci1DbGllbnQvMTguMDkuMCAobGludXgpIgoJfQp9
type: kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f secret.yaml
secret/registry-secret created

1.3 上传私有镜像

[root@master ~]# docker pull nginx
[root@master ~]# docker run  -itd  --name  web   nginx:latest
c5233f10cc7bff9bca61e2348b71e6ea41d3dc56dff1f5e3147f946552cd062d
[root@master ~]# docker exec  -it web bash
root@c5233f10cc7b:/# echo 1111 > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@c5233f10cc7b:/# cat  /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
1111
root@c5233f10cc7b:/# exit
exit
[root@master ~]# docker commit  web  web:v1
sha256:5718b129e875fb3032210a618b14bc4173698588aba545958856512f5c24ebd8
[root@master ~]# docker tag  web:v1 192.168.1.40/web/v1

2.模拟web服务

[root@master ~]#  mkdir web
[root@master ~]# cd web/
[root@master web]# vim myapp.yaml
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:name: myapp
spec:replicas: 2template:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:containers:- name: myappimage: 192.168.1.40/web/v1imagePullPolicy: AlwaysimagePullSecrets:- name: registry-secret
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:name: mysvc
spec:selector:app: nginxtype: NodePortports:- protocol: TCPport: 80targetPort: 80nodePort: 30039[root@master web]# kubectl  apply  -f  myapp.yaml
deployment.extensions/myapp created
service/mysvc created
[root@master ~]# kubectl  get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
myapp-667db6c49d-wtgrp   1/1     Running   0          3m17s
myapp-667db6c49d-wzbpx   1/1     Running   0          3m17s
[root@master ~]# kubectl  get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        36d
mysvc        NodePort    10.96.78.132   <none>        80:30039/TCP   3m19s
[root@master ~]# curl  127.0.0.1:30039
1111

3.Jenkins和Gitlab平台的联动

这两个服务的联动，需要经过ssh验证。我们需要在gitlab上绑定jenkins服务器的ssh公钥，，这里使用的是root用户的公私钥，切记生产环境是不允许随便用root的

[root@jenkins ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:Ls8H6FHL3i0c7lnE2OR6nemmbjYL+YALTtEL7MToD9E root@jenkins
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|                 |
|                 |
|            .    |
|     = ..  *     |
|    o E+S.. =    |
|   . +o++o.+ . o |
|    o.=o+==oo +  |
|     =.=..*B=..  |
|      o +oo===.  |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@jenkins ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDTfcKQI34QV0W2g5xFDXvjodV1bjhXMCDfdPdhfMLA592PjTjraHYJpOUOTfExHNW5Xj6kbxKaxapVk/NFy/QIsOXzZexi5pp5smhbcVYKISh5zcbT/tjw6LSJ8jG3FDMrVXBQbHLFBaW+/6/d6gecrxu3pJd5xDALKrmeypJncJ7TkOUiYcG3Q4cO/THbumEGnZXX0lFZRMSOyuM3WERq8slU7l51Yb4Av/hm9sj+1+wlDKWEXdV71N90Ufcb8C4Ltf6NIm26r++u5k29jUpRAA/AU3SWvVMoFzZwcrThdp+6VLtBAjfJQvgpDy8+M1WP9GcBZbsUmOIsFaNVvT7l root@jenkins

4.在gitlab中，创建项目

添加项目文件

可以使用git命令，在本地将项目clone下来验证查看

[root@jenkins ~]# mkdir web
[root@jenkins ~]# cd web/
[root@jenkins web]# git clone git@192.168.1.43:root/test.git
正克隆到 'test'...
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.43 (192.168.1.43)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:4YkYpIBzWiwJtzfIG1R+GdAFUVtGIu2lxKDjsytMW88.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:14:a7:e4:91:f9:32:76:41:b0:0c:8b:0e:2c:0a:8b:fd.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.43' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
接收对象中: 100% (3/3), done.
[root@jenkins web]# ls
test
[root@jenkins web]# cat test/index.html
<h1> Hello Word!!!</h1>

5.在jenkins创建项目

#!/bin/bash
backupcode="/data/backcode/$JOB_NAME/$BUILD_NUMBER"
mkdir -p $backupcode
chmod 644 "$JENKINS_HOME"/workspace/"$JOB_NAME"/*
rsync -acP   "$JENKINS_HOME"/workspace/"$JOB_NAME"/*  $backupcode
echo From  192.168.1.40/web/v1 > "$JENKINS_HOME"/workspace/Dockerfile
echo COPY ./"$JOB_NAME"/* /usr/share/nginx/html/ >> "$JENKINS_HOME"/workspace/Dockerfile
docker rmi 192.168.1.40/web/v1
docker build -t 192.168.1.40/web/v1 /"$JENKINS_HOME"/workspace/.
docker push 192.168.1.40/web/v1
ssh root@192.168.1.40 kubectl delete deployment myapp
ssh root@192.168.1.40 kubectl apply -f /root/web/myapp.yaml

6.修改jenkins的设置

7.Gitlab添加钩子

8.测试访问

脚本运行结果

9.Jenkins权限设置

9.1.与master节点做免密登录

[root@jenkins ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.1.40

9.2 更改jenkins的用户

[root@jenkins ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
...
29 JENKINS_USER="root"
...
[root@jenkins ~]# service  jenkins  restart
Restarting jenkins (via systemctl):                        [  确定  ]

三、上传代码进行自动化部署

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Linux——k8s、Jenkins、Gitlab、Harbor实现CI/CD