Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL(又称 T-SQL)，是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，与 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性质相近(不只是实现 ANSI SQL，也为自身数据库系统的特性提供实现支持)，在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase Adaptive Server 中仍然被使用为核心的查询语言。

数据库

1、创建数据库

USE master ;

GO

CREATE DATABASE Sales

ON

( NAME = Sales_dat,

FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf',

SIZE = 10,

MAXSIZE = 50,

FILEGROWTH = 5 )

LOG ON

( NAME = Sales_log,

FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf',

SIZE = 5MB,

MAXSIZE = 25MB,

FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ;

GO

2、查看数据库

SELECT name, database_id, create_date

FROM sys.databases ;

3、删除数据库

DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、创建表

CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail

(

ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL

,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL

,ProductID int NULL

,UnitPrice money NULL

,OrderQty smallint NULL

,ReceivedQty float NULL

,RejectedQty float NULL

,DueDate datetime NULL

);

2、删除表

DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;

3、重命名表

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';

列

1、添加列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、删除列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';

约束

1、主键

--在现有表中创建主键

ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive

ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);

--在新表中创建主键

CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1

(

TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL

, CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID)

)

;

--查看主键

SELECT name

FROM sys.key_constraints

WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive';

GO

--删除主键

ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive

DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID;

GO

视图

1、创建视图

CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate

AS

SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate

FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS p

ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ;

GO

2、删除视图

DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;

存储过程

1、创建存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest

@LastName nvarchar(50),

@FirstName nvarchar(50)

AS

SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department

FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory

WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName

AND EndDate IS NULL;

GO

2、删除存储过程

DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;

3、执行存储过程

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar';

-- Or

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar';

GO

-- Or

EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman';

GO

4、重命名存储过程

EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2';

5、带有输出参数的存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD

@SalesPerson nvarchar(50),

@SalesYTD money OUTPUT

AS

SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD

FROM SalesPerson AS sp

JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID

WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson;

RETURN

GO

--调用

DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money;

EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD

N'Blythe',

@SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT;

GO

数据类型

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！如果你觉得本文对你有帮助，欢迎转载，烦请注明出处，谢谢！