3台linux服务器，其中两台tomcat作应用，一台nginx作两台tomcat的负载
OS：redhat 5.4  
app:tomcat6 
nginx：1.0.5
 
2、实现功能
 通过配置nginx，实现负载均衡，会话保持，高速缓存静态文件以及手动清除缓存文件
 
3、所需组件
所有文件放在/home/install/目录下
pcre-8.12.zip 、openssl-1.0.0d.tar.gz、nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1.tar.gz、ngx_cache_purge-1.3.tar.gz
 
4、安装过程
 
安装会话保持组件
cd nginx-1.0.5 
patch -p0 < /home/install/nginx_upstream_jvm_route/jvm_route.patch
减压各组件
配置nginx
./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --without-http_fastcgi_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/cgi/ --with-openssl=/home/install/openssl/ --add-module=/home/install/nginx_upstream_jvm_route --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/home/install/ngx_cache_purge-1.3 --with-http_perl_module --with-pcre=/home/install/pcre-8.12
部分组件说明
会话保持： --add-module=/home/install/nginx_upstream_jvm_route 
缓存清除组件： --add-module=/home/install/ngx_cache_purge-1.3 
 
编译安装
make &&make install
 
5、配置nginx.conf
 
#Nginx.conf version  Nginx 1.0.5 
#by Wugh Email:wjlw2008@hotmail.com QQ:5951083
user nobody;
worker_processes  4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
pid        logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  10240;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    server_tokens   off; 
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush       on;

keepalive_timeout  60;
    limit_zone   one  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
    open_file_cache max=51200 inactive=20s;  
    open_file_cache_min_uses 1;  
    open_file_cache_valid 30s;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 4k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    request_pool_size 4k;
    client_max_body_size 8m;
    server_name_in_redirect  off;
    include gzip.conf;
    proxy_temp_path   /opt/data/proxy_temp_dir;   
    proxy_cache_path  /opt/data/proxy_cache_dir  levels=1:2   keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=20g;
    upstream www.test.com {
          server 192.168.0.10  srun_id=server1   weight=6;
          server 192.168.0.20  srun_id=server2   weight=4;
          jvm_route $cookie_JSESSIONID reverse;
           }
server
       {
       listen 80;
       server_name www.test.com;
       
#oldweb cache files
       location ~ /oldweb(/.*)
       {
            #allow 192.168.0.0/24;
            #deny all;
             proxy_cache_purge cache_one $scheme$host$1$is_args$args;
             error_page 405 =200 /oldweb$1;
      access_log off;
       }
 
#auto purge webold cache
       
       if ( $request_method = "PURGE" ) {
             rewrite ^(.*)$ /oldweb$1 last;
       }
#auto "/"
#       if (-d $request_filename){
#          rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
#       }

#pass files
       location /
       {
             proxy_set_header Host $host;
             proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
             client_max_body_size    10m;
             client_body_buffer_size 128k;
             proxy_connect_timeout   75;
             proxy_send_timeout      75;
             proxy_read_timeout      75;
             proxy_buffer_size       4k;
             proxy_buffers           4 32k;
             proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
             proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
      access_log off;
       }
       
#cache files   只缓存htm、html、gif、jpg、jpeg、png、ico、css、js、txt、flv、swf、doc、ppt、xls、docx、pptx、xlsx、pdf文件
#并通过"Ctrl+F5"刷新清除指定缓存文件
       location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|css|js|txt|flv|swf|doc|ppt|xls|docx|pptx|xlsx|pdf)$ 
          {
    
             if ($http_Cache_Control = "no-cache") {
                   rewrite ^(.*)$ /oldweb$1 last;
                }
      
             add_header X-Cache $upstream_cache_status;
             proxy_cache cache_one;
             proxy_cache_valid 200 304 2m;
             proxy_cache_valid 301 302 1m;
             proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
             proxy_cache_key $scheme$host$uri$is_args$args;
             proxy_set_header Host $host;
             proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
             proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
             expires 1d;
             access_log off;
         }
       
#nginx status  显示在线情况
  location /fwtj  { 
               #allow 192.168.0.0/24;
                      #deny all;
                       stub_status on;
                access_log off;
              }
       
      }
     
}
 
6、配置gzip.conf
gzip            on;  
gzip_min_length     1k;  
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
 
 
7、操作系统sysctl.conf优化
 
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmax = 65536
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 4096 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 4096 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 786432 2097152 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

8、nginx常用命令
检查配置文件是否错误：  ./nginx -t
启动nginx：./nginx
重新加载配置文件：/nginx -s reload  或 kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
停止nginx：  ./nginx -s stop