Apache+Tomcat实现负载均衡

一、规划

前端Apache:192.168.10.135

后端tomcat:192.168.10.132

192.168.10.133

二、配置Tomcat

①配置server.xml

# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml ##位于103行

TomcatA:

TomcatB:

②配置测试页

# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT

# mv index.jsp index.jsp.bak

# vi index.jsp

TomcatA:

<%@ page language="java" %>

<html>

<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>

<body>

<h1><font color="green">TomcatA </font></h1>

<tr>

<td>Session ID</td>

<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>Created on</td>

</tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>

TomcatB:

<%@ page language="java" %>

<html>

<head><title>TomcatB</title></head>

<body>

<h1><font color="yellow">TomcatB </font></h1>

<tr>

<td>Session ID</td>

<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>Created on</td>

</tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>

三、基于mod_jk实现

①配置mod_jk配置文件

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf

JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties ##指出mod_jk工作所需文件位置

JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log ##指定日志输出文件位置

JkLogLevel debug ##指定日志级别

JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"

JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories

JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"

JkMount /* lbcluster1 ##指定负载均衡器名称

JkMount /status/ stat1 ##指定状态信息

②配置worker.properties

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties

# workers 列表

worker.list = lbcluster1,stat1

#-------------------------------------------------

# tomcat实例1

#-------------------------------------------------

worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13 ##定向包协议

worker.TomcatA.host = 192.168.10.132 ##tomcat主机地址

worker.TomcatA.port = 8009 ##TomcatA实例端口

worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 1 ##负载均衡权重为1

#-------------------------------------------------

# tomcat实例2

#-------------------------------------------------

worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13

worker.TomcatB.host = 192.168.10.133

worker.TomcatB.port = 8009

worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 1

#-------------------------------------------------

# load balancer worker --负载均衡控制器

# ------------------------------------------------

worker.lbcluster1.type = lb ##负载均衡work，lb内置类

worker.lbcluster1.sticky_session = 0 ##会话是否绑定

worker.lbcluster1.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB ##指定集群拥有实例

worker.stat1.type = status ##状态信息

③配置httpd

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so ##加载mod_jk模块

Include /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf ##指定mod_jk配置文件

④测试

输入前端Apache地址查看

刷新后继续查看

前端输入http://localhost/status/查看集群状态

⑤实现会话复制

a.在 <Engine>或 <Host>元素节点下添加以下内容:

# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

channelSendOptions="8">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

address="228.0.0.4"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

dropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

address="auto"

port="4000"

autoBind="100"

selectorTimeout="5000"

maxThreads="6"/>

</Sender>

</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"

filter=""/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"

watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"

watchEnabled="false"/>

</Cluster>

b.在启用集群功能的web应用程序的web.xml中添加<distributable/>以实现集群功能

# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee

http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"

version="3.1">

# cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/

详情:http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-9.0-doc/cluster-howto.html

c.测试

输入前端Apache地址查看

刷新后继续查看

TomcatA和TomcatB已经实现了会话共享

四、基于mod_proxy实现

①查看相关代理模块是否装载(其中balancer为集群实现模块)

# httpd -D DUMP_MODULES | grep proxy

proxy_module (shared)

proxy_ajp_module (shared)

proxy_balancer_module (shared)

proxy_connect_module (shared)

proxy_express_module (shared)

proxy_fcgi_module (shared)

proxy_fdpass_module (shared)

proxy_ftp_module (shared)

proxy_http_module (shared)

proxy_scgi_module (shared)

②配置httpd

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

ServerAdmin localhost

ServerName localhost

ProxyPass / balancer://cluster1/ stickysession=jsessionid

ProxyPa***everse / balancer://cluster1/

</VirtualHost>

ProxyRequests Off

BalancerMember ajp://192.168.10.132:8009 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA

BalancerMember ajp://192.168.10.133:8009 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB

ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic

</Proxy>

注:

ProxySet lbmethod={byrequests|bytraffic|bybusyness}:负载均衡的实现方式

byrequests:按照请求次数负载均衡(默认)

bytraffic:按照流量负载均衡

bybusyness:安装繁忙程度负载均衡(总是分配给活跃请求数最少的服务器)

③测试

输入TomcatA地址查看:

输入TomcatB地址查看:

输入前端Apache地址查看:

刷新继续查看:

本文出自 “记事本” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://wangzhijian.blog.51cto.com/6427016/1718502

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/lucifer119/1732365

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