用idea搭建SSM框架maven项目

打开idea，点击New - Project

找到Maven一栏，因为要搭建的SpringMvc项目，所以选择webapp模板

填写好GroupId和ArtifactId后，一步步next，最后finish完成

创建成功后，可以看到项目是这样的目录结构

除了配置相关依赖的pom.xml，目录中还有一个文件夹src，src的main目录提供了一个webapp文件夹，webapp文件夹下有一个WEB-INF文件夹，放置的是前端页面的文件，以及web.xml文件。

除了模版提供的目录结构，为了后面项目能成功运行，我们还需要添加一些文件夹，让项目的目录结构变成这样：

数据库文件

首先，先准备好数据库文件，并初始化一条记录

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户ID',`email` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户邮箱',`username` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户昵称',`role` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户身份',`mobile` varchar(50) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '手机号码',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf-8;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '1589585621@qq.com', 'xjt', 'root', '15678635432');

配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.xjt</groupId><artifactId>mvcDemo</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>war</packaging><name>mvcDemo Maven Webapp</name><!-- 用来设置版本号 --><properties><srping.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</srping.version><mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version><slf4j.version>1.7.12</slf4j.version><log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version><druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version></properties><!-- 用到的jar包 --><dependencies><!-- 单元测试 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><!-- 表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 --><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- spring框架包 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${srping.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring框架包 --><!-- mybatis框架包 --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>${mybatis.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>1.2.2</version></dependency><!-- mybatis框架包 --><!-- 数据库驱动 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.35</version></dependency><!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 --><dependency><groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency><!-- jstl标签类 --><dependency><groupId>jstl</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><!-- log --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><!-- 连接池 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>${druid.version}</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>mvcDemo</finalName><!-- java编译插件,如果maven的设置里配置好jdk版本就不用 --><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.2</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version><configuration><port>8080</port><path>/${build.finalName}</path><uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding><server>tomcat7</server></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

注：以下四个配置文件都是放置在resources文件夹下

log4j.properties

#日志输出级别
log4j.rootLogger=debug,stdout,D,E#设置stdout的日志输出控制台
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
#输出日志到控制台的方式，默认为System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
#设置使用灵活布局
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#灵活定义输出格式
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} -[%p]  method:[%c (%rms)] - %m%n

延伸知识

idea+maven配置log4j详解我在搭建log4j日志时特意看啦下可略过

第一步，在pom.xml中加入相关依赖：

<!-- 添加log4j日志相关jar包:共3个jar--><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api --><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>1.7.25</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 --><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>1.7.25</version><scope>test</scope></dependency>

第二步，在项目的 src/test/resource目录下新建log4j.properties文件，文件内容为：

### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = debug,stdout,R ### console appender###
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.Threshold = Info
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %p [%c] - %m%n### output to files ###
log4j.appender.R = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File = logs/log.txt
log4j.appender.R.Append = true
log4j.appender.R.Threshold = Info
log4j.appender.R.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}-[%p]%m%n
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %p [%c] - %m%n

第三步，编写测试代码

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class Log4jTest {public static void main(String[] args) {Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Log4jTest.class);LOG.info("开始记录日志...");LOG.info("循环打印0到10之间的整数");for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {System.out.println(i);}LOG.info("结束日志!");}
}

以上关于log4j解说，请往下看

jdbc.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mvcDemo?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
#数据库的用户名
username=root
#数据库的密码
password=123456
#定义初始连接数
initialSize=0
#定义最大连接数
maxActive=20
#定义最大空闲
maxIdle=20
#定义最小空闲
minIdle=1
#定义最长等待时间
maxWait=60000

applicationContext.xml

这是Spring的核心配置文件，包括Spring结合Mybatis和数据源的配置信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- 加载properties文件 --><bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"><property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/></bean><!-- 配置数据源 --><bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"><property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/><property name="url" value="${url}"/><property name="username" value="${username}"/><property name="password" value="${password}"/></bean><!-- mybatis和spring完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 --><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><!-- 扫描model包 --><property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.xjt.model"/><!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 --><property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/></bean><!-- Mapper动态代理开发，扫描dao接口包--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --><property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/><!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --><property name="basePackage" value="com.xjt.dao"/></bean><!-- 事务管理 --><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><!--数据库连接池--><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/></bean></beans>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"><!-- 扫描注解，这样com.xjt包下的文件都能被扫描 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.xjt"/><!-- 开启SpringMVC注解模式 --><mvc:annotation-driven/><!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置 --><mvc:default-servlet-handler/><!-- 配置返回视图的路径，以及识别后缀是jsp文件 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/></bean>
</beans>

web.xml

该文件不是放在resources，而是webapp的WEB-INF文件夹下，文件内容如下：

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"version="3.1"><display-name>mvcDemo</display-name><!--项目的欢迎页，项目运行起来后访问的页面--><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list><!-- 注册ServletContext监听器，创建容器对象，并且将ApplicationContext对象放到Application域中 --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 指定spring核心配置文件 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- 解决乱码的过滤器 --><filter><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!-- 配置前端控制器 --><servlet><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><!-- 指定配置文件位置和名称 如果不设置,默认找/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml --><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><async-supported>true</async-supported></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>

index.jsp文件

<html> <body> <h2>Hello World!</h2> </body> </html>

实体类：User.java

package com.xjt.model;public class User {private long id;private String email;private String mobile;private String username;private String role;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}public String getMobile() {return mobile;}public void setMobile(String mobile) {this.mobile = mobile;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getRole() {return role;}public void setRole(String role) {this.role = role;}
}

dao文件：IUserDao

package com.xjt.dao;import com.xjt.model.User;public interface IUserDao {User selectUser(long id);
}

mapper文件：UserDao.xml

位于resources - mapper文件夹下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><!-- 设置为IUserDao接口方法提供sql语句配置 -->
<mapper namespace="com.xjt.dao.IUserDao"><select id="selectUser" resultType="User" parameterType="long">SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id}</select></mapper>

service接口：IUserService

package com.xjt.service;import com.xjt.model.User;public interface IUserService {public User selectUser(long userId);
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.xjt.service.impl;import com.xjt.dao.IUserDao;
import com.xjt.model.User;
import com.xjt.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {@Resourceprivate IUserDao userDao;public User selectUser(long userId) {return userDao.selectUser(userId);}
}

controller文件：UserController

package com.xjt.controller;import com.xjt.model.User;
import com.xjt.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate IUserService userService;@RequestMapping("/select")public ModelAndView selectUser() throws Exception {ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();User user = userService.selectUser(1);mv.addObject("user", user);mv.setViewName("user");return mv;}
}

UserController定义了一个方法selectUser，读取id为1的User信息，并返回user.jsp页面，访问的路径是/user/select，user.jsp位于 WEB-INF 的 jsp 文件夹下，代码如下：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>user</title>
</head>
<body>id:${requestScope.user.id}<br/>email:${requestScope.user.email}<br/>username:${requestScope.user.username}<br/>role:${requestScope.user.role}<br/>mobile:${requestScope.user.mobile}<br/>
</body>
</html>

在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080，返回结果如下：

在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/user/select

页面成功的返回了User信息，说明，我们成功访问到了数据库的内容。

中途遇到的错误

Tomcat启动Exception invoking method manageApp

<finalName>LXWSEM</finalName>

<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8080</port>
<path>/${build.finalName}</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<server>tomcat7</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>

java.sql.SQLException: Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES)

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mvcDemo?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false

数据库是mvcDemo

启动内置tomcat

jar包35个

借鉴：https://www.cnblogs.com/yeya/p/10320885.html

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mike-mei/p/10822680.html