Android获取手机图片

1.概述

在Andorid系统中所有的文件路径都保存在一个数据库中，位于data/data/com.android.providers.media文件夹下的external.db

里面的files表就有我们需要的内容，这个表包含了机器所有的文件。接下来只要选择合适的sql语句来获取我们需要的内容就行了。

2.实现

数据库结构如下图

首先过滤出相册文件夹，获取所在文件夹路径，文件夹名称，文件夹文件数目，文件路径和修改时间。构建文件夹和封面

public static Cursor getAlbumCursor(ContentResolver cr){
//打开files这个表Uri uri= MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");String [] project =new String[]{MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.PARENT,MediaStore.Images.Media.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME,"count(*)",MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA,"max(" + MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_MODIFIED + ")"};
//用group by进行整合String selection = String.format("%s=? or %s=?) group by (%s",MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.PARENT) ;String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE+"",//获取图片文件MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO+"",//获取视频文件};String sortOrder = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_MODIFIED + " desc";
//        String sortOrder = "max(date_modified) DESC";
// 转换成sql语句: SELECT parent, bucket_display_name, count(*), _data, max(date_modified) FROM files WHERE (media_type=? or media_type=?)
// group by (parent) HAVING (_data NOT LIKE ? ) ORDER BY max(date_modified) DESCreturn cr.query(uri,project,selection,selectionArgs,sortOrder);}

拿到cursor后就可以进行查询获取数据

 public Album(Cursor cur) {
//图片路径this(cur.getString(3),
//所在文件夹的名称cur.getString(1),
//所在的父文件cur.getLong(0),
//文件夹的文件数目cur.getInt(2),
//修改时间cur.getLong(4));}

相册文件夹构建好了后,在来获取文件夹里面的所有的图片

 public static Cursor getMediaCursor(ContentResolver cr,Album album){Uri uri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");String[] sProjection = new String[] {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA,MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_TAKEN,MediaStore.Images.Media.MIME_TYPE,MediaStore.Images.Media.SIZE,MediaStore.Images.Media.ORIENTATION};
//获取parent一样的文件String selections = (String.format("(%s=? or %s=?) and %s=?",MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.PARENT));String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE+"",MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO+"",album.getId()+""};String sortOrder = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_MODIFIED + " desc";return  cr.query(uri,sProjection,selections,selectionArgs,sortOrder);}

接下来构建实体类

 public Media(Cursor cur) {
//具体路径this(cur.getString(0),cur.getLong(1),cur.getString(2),cur.getLong(3),cur.getInt(4));}

这种方式主要是利用好了sql语句，同时结合rxjava的话可以实现查询一张照片显示一张照片的效果。

3.扩展

类似的还可以获取特定类型的文件

private ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> listImages() {ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> images = new ArrayList<>();final String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};final Cursor cursor = c.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,projection, null, null, null);if (cursor == null)return images;else if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {do {String path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA));HybridFileParcelable strings = RootHelper.generateBaseFile(new File(path), showHiddenFiles);if (strings != null) {LayoutElementParcelable parcelable = createListParcelables(strings);if(parcelable != null) images.add(parcelable);}} while (cursor.moveToNext());}cursor.close();return images;}private ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> listVideos() {ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> videos = new ArrayList<>();final String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};final Cursor cursor = c.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,projection, null, null, null);if (cursor == null)return videos;else if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {do {String path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA));HybridFileParcelable strings = RootHelper.generateBaseFile(new File(path), showHiddenFiles);if (strings != null) {LayoutElementParcelable parcelable = createListParcelables(strings);if(parcelable != null) videos.add(parcelable);}} while (cursor.moveToNext());}cursor.close();return videos;}private ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> listaudio() {String selection = MediaStore.Audio.Media.IS_MUSIC + " != 0";String[] projection = {MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA};Cursor cursor = c.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,projection,selection,null,null);ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> songs = new ArrayList<>();if (cursor == null)return songs;else if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {do {String path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA));HybridFileParcelable strings = RootHelper.generateBaseFile(new File(path), showHiddenFiles);if (strings != null) {LayoutElementParcelable parcelable = createListParcelables(strings);if(parcelable != null) songs.add(parcelable);}} while (cursor.moveToNext());}cursor.close();return songs;}private ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> listDocs() {ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> docs = new ArrayList<>();final String[] projection = {MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA};Cursor cursor = c.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external"),projection, null, null, null);String[] types = new String[]{".pdf", ".xml", ".html", ".asm", ".text/x-asm", ".def", ".in", ".rc",".list", ".log", ".pl", ".prop", ".properties", ".rc",".doc", ".docx", ".msg", ".odt", ".pages", ".rtf", ".txt", ".wpd", ".wps"};if (cursor == null)return docs;else if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {do {String path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA));if (path != null && Arrays.asList(types).contains(path)) {HybridFileParcelable strings = RootHelper.generateBaseFile(new File(path), showHiddenFiles);if (strings != null) {LayoutElementParcelable parcelable = createListParcelables(strings);if(parcelable != null) docs.add(parcelable);}}} while (cursor.moveToNext());}cursor.close();Collections.sort(docs, (lhs, rhs) -> -1 * Long.valueOf(lhs.date).compareTo(rhs.date));if (docs.size() > 20)for (int i = docs.size() - 1; i > 20; i--) {docs.remove(i);}return docs;}private ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> listApks() {ArrayList<LayoutElementParcelable> apks = new ArrayList<>();final String[] projection = {MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA};Cursor cursor = c.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external"), projection, null, null, null);if (cursor == null)return apks;else if (cursor.getCount() > 0 && cursor.moveToFirst()) {do {String path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA));if (path != null && path.endsWith(".apk")) {HybridFileParcelable strings = RootHelper.generateBaseFile(new File(path), showHiddenFiles);if (strings != null) {LayoutElementParcelable parcelable = createListParcelables(strings);if(parcelable != null) apks.add(parcelable);}}} while (cursor.moveToNext());}cursor.close();return apks;}

源码

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Android获取手机图片

1.概述

2.实现

3.扩展

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