import configparser
cfg=configparser.ConfigParser()
cfg['DEFAULT']={'ServerAliveInterval': '45','Compression': 'yes','CompressionLevel': '9','ForwardX11':'yes'}
cfg['bitbucket.org']={'User':'hg'}
cfg['topsecret.server.com']={'host port':'50022','Forwardx11':'no'}
with open('cfg.int','w') as f:cfg.write(f)
#DEFAULT 关键字，是默认参数，将DEFAULT 里的内容(value)匹配给每个自定义模块，比如：bitbucket.org

import configparserconfig = configparser.ConfigParser()#---------------------------查找文件内容,基于字典的形式print(config.sections())        #  []

config.read('example.ini')print(config.sections())        #   ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']print('bytebong.com' in config) # False
print('bitbucket.org' in config) # Trueprint(config['bitbucket.org']["user"])  # hgprint(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yesprint(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11'])  #noprint(config['bitbucket.org'])          #<Section: bitbucket.org>for key in config['bitbucket.org']:     # 注意,有default会默认default的键print(key)print(config.options('bitbucket.org'))  # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键print(config.items('bitbucket.org'))    #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes       get方法取深层嵌套的值

import configparserconfig = configparser.ConfigParser()config.read('example.ini')config.add_section('yuan')config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')
config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11")config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111')
config.set('yuan','k2','22222')config.write(open('new2.ini', "w")) 

import subprocess#  创建一个新的进程,与主进程不同步  if in win: s=subprocess.Popen('dir',shell=True)
s=subprocess.Popen('ls')
s.wait()                  # s是Popen的一个实例对象print('ending...')     

import subprocess# s1 = subprocess.Popen(["ls","-l"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
# print(s1.stdout.read())#s2.communicate()

s1 = subprocess.Popen(["cat","/etc/passwd"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
s2 = subprocess.Popen(["grep","0:0"],stdin=s1.stdout, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
out = s2.communicate()print(out)