mysql8.0安装详解

一、安装前准备

1、操作系统：CentOS 7.6

2、安装源的软件包： mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

下载路径：mysql8在线安装源-Linux文档类资源-CSDN下载mysql8的CentOS7安装源更多下载资源、学习资料请访问CSDN下载频道.https://download.csdn.net/download/yuyuyuliang00/85014075

也可以到mysql官网下载：

二、安装步骤：

1、把mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm下载到待安装系统上：

[root@bjAli ~]# ls
bash  mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm  playbooks
[root@bjAli ~]#

2、安装mysql源的软件包：

[root@bjAli ~]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql80-community-release-el7-3  ################################# [100%]
[root@bjAli ~]#

3、修改配置文件mysql-community.repo文件

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1  ==> 设置为1
gpgcheck=0 ==> 设置为0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1  ==> 设置为1
gpgcheck=0  ==> 设置为0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1   ==> 设置为1
gpgcheck=0  ==> 设置为0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

4、用yum安装mysql-community-serve和mysql-community-client软件：

[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# yum install mysql-community-server mysql-community-client
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
...
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
...
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=========================================================================================================================================Package                                       Arch                  Version                      Repository                        Size
=========================================================================================================================================
Installing:mysql-community-client                        x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                 53 Mmysql-community-server                        x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                451 M
Installing for dependencies:mysql-community-client-plugins                x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                5.7 Mmysql-community-common                        x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                630 kmysql-community-icu-data-files                x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                2.1 Mmysql-community-libs                          x86_64                8.0.28-1.el7                 mysql80-community                4.7 MTransaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================
Install  2 Packages (+4 Dependent packages)Total download size: 517 M
Installed size: 2.4 G
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
......                                                            5/6Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                            6/6Verifying  : mysql-community-client-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                            1/6Verifying  : mysql-community-server-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                            2/6Verifying  : mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                    3/6Verifying  : mysql-community-common-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                            4/6Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                              5/6Verifying  : mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64                                                                    6/6Installed:mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7                        mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7Dependency Installed:mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7                    mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7                    mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.28-1.el7Complete!

5、启动mysql-community-server并查看运行状态：

[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-03-21 20:58:48 CST; 46s agoDocs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlProcess: 27026 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 27049 (mysqld)Status: "Server is operational"CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service└─27049 /usr/sbin/mysqldMar 21 20:58:46 bjAli systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Mar 21 20:58:48 bjAli systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]#

6、查看初始密码并用本地客户端进行连接：

[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2022-03-20T13:32:46.555732Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: E)j2Q(B8%gbp  <== 初始密码
[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <==输入查询到的初始密码后回车，连接成功
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.28Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

7、在使用数据库前，需要更改用户'root'@'localhost'初始密码，然后查看数据库的现有有效用户：

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '@MYsql12345';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>

8、退出本地数据库连接，然后用新设置的密码进程本地登录测试：

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@bjAli yum.repos.d]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

9、创建一个可以远程登录的用户：

mysql>
mysql> create user 'dbuser'@'%' identified by '@MYsql12345'; % 创建一个可以远程登录的用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> show grants for 'dbuser'@'%';   # 显示新创建用户的权限
+------------------------------------+
| Grants for dbuser@%                |
+------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `dbuser`@`%` |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'dbuser'@'%';  # 对新创建用户进行授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
mysql> select user,host from user;  # 查看新建用户是否存在
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| dbuser           | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>

10、测试远程连接：

1）安装mysql官方软件：MySQL Workbench 8.0 CE

2）启动软件：选择软件菜单栏Database->Connect to Database ...选项

3）在弹出的窗口中填入数据库服务器的IP地址以及连接数据库所用的用户名：

4）在密码栏输入，为对应用户设置的密码：

5）如果没有错误，则回显示以下一个sql语句编辑窗口：

6）按下图所示的1，2，3步骤进行操作，测试数据库查询，可以显示出查询结果为5个数据用户：