素材来源：华为路由器配置指南

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附上汇总贴：玩转华为ENSP模拟器系列 | 合集_COCOgsta的博客-CSDN博客_ensp实验大全

目标

介绍在广播网络中，配置接口上的DR优先级进行DR选择的过程。

组网需求

在图1中，DeviceA接口的优先级为100，它是网络上的最高优先级，所以DeviceA被选为DR；DeviceC是优先级第二高的，被选为BDR；DeviceB的优先级为0，这意味着它将无法成为DR或BDR；DeviceD没有配置优先级，取缺省值1。

配置思路

  • 在各路由器上配置OSPF基本功能，实现互连。
  • 在各路由器上配置Router ID。
  • 在缺省优先级情况下，查看各路由器DR或者BDR状态。
  • 配置接口上的DR优先级，查看DR或者BDR状态。

操作步骤

  1. 配置各接口的IP地址（略）
  2. 配置OSPF基本功能

配置DeviceA

DeviceA:
router id 1.1.1.1
ospf 1area 0.0.0.0network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

配置DeviceB

DeviceB:
router id 2.2.2.2
ospf 1area 0.0.0.0network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

配置DeviceC

DeviceC:
router id 3.3.3.3
ospf 1area 0.0.0.0network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

配置DeviceD

DeviceD:
router id 4.4.4.4
ospf 1area 0.0.0.0network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

查看DR或者BDR的状态。

[~DeviceA]dis ospf peer
(M) Indicates MADJ neighborOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.1 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 2.2.2.2              Address: 192.168.1.2      State: 2-Way          Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 1DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  35  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h00m00sNeighbor Up Time : 0000-00-00 00:00:00Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.1 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 3.3.3.3              Address: 192.168.1.3      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  40  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h02m22sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:52:34Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.1 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 4.4.4.4              Address: 192.168.1.4      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  38  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h02m22sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:52:34Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]OSPF Process 65534 with Router ID 128.1.138.138NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.138 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.141        Address: 128.1.138.141    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  33  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h04m29sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:28Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.138 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:1)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.139        Address: 128.1.138.139    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  37  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h04m27sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:31Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.138 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:2)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.137        Address: 128.1.138.137    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  35  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h04m28sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:29Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
[~DeviceA]

查看DeviceA的邻居信息，可以看到DR优先级（缺省为1）以及邻居状态，此时DeviceD为DR，DeviceC为BDR。

  1. 配置接口上的DR优先级

配置DeviceA。

DeviceA:
interface Ethernet1/0/0ospf dr-priority 100

配置DeviceB。

DeviceB:
interface Ethernet1/0/0ospf dr-priority 0

配置DeviceC。

DeviceC:
interface Ethernet1/0/0ospf dr-priority 2

查看DR或者BDR的状态。

[~DeviceD-ospf-1]display ospf peer
(M) Indicates MADJ neighborOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 1.1.1.1              Address: 192.168.1.1      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 100DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  37  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h06m24sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:52:34Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 2.2.2.2              Address: 192.168.1.2      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 0DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  32  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h06m24sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:52:34Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 3.3.3.3              Address: 192.168.1.3      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 2DR: 192.168.1.4       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  38  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h06m24sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:52:34Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]OSPF Process 65534 with Router ID 128.1.138.137NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.141        Address: 128.1.138.141    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  37  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h08m12sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:48Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:1)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.139        Address: 128.1.138.139    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  38  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h08m13sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:48Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:2)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.138        Address: 128.1.138.138    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  39  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h08m30sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:29Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
[~DeviceD-ospf-1]
[~DeviceD-ospf-1]
  1. 重启OSPF进程

在各路由器的用户视图下，同时执行命令reset ospf 1 process，以重启OSPF进程。

  1. 验证配置结果

查看OSPF邻居状态。

<DeviceD>dis ospf peer
(M) Indicates MADJ neighborOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 1.1.1.1              Address: 192.168.1.1      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 100DR: 192.168.1.1       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  30  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h01m27sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 14:04:57Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 2.2.2.2              Address: 192.168.1.2      State: 2-Way          Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 0DR: 192.168.1.1       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  32  secRetrans timer interval: 0Neighbor is up for 00h00m00sNeighbor Up Time : 0000-00-00 00:00:00Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4 (Eth1/0/0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 3.3.3.3              Address: 192.168.1.3      State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Slave      Priority: 2DR: 192.168.1.1       BDR: 192.168.1.3       MTU: 0Dead timer due in  33  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 00h01m27sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 14:04:57Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]OSPF Process 65534 with Router ID 128.1.138.137NeighborsArea 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:0)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.141        Address: 128.1.138.141    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  32  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 02h15m38sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:48Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:1)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.139        Address: 128.1.138.139    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  35  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 02h15m39sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:48Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]Area 0.0.0.0 interface 128.1.138.137 (DCN-Serial1/0/0:2)'s neighborsRouter ID: 128.1.138.138        Address: 128.1.138.138    State: Full           Mode:Nbr is Master     Priority: 1DR: None              BDR: None              MTU: 0Dead timer due in  36  secRetrans timer interval: 5Neighbor is up for 02h15m56sNeighbor Up Time : 2019-12-11 11:50:29Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
<DeviceD>

查看OSPF接口的状态。

<DeviceA>dis ospf interface
(M) Indicates MADJ interfaceOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1InterfacesArea: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)Interface                    IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri  Eth1/0/0                     192.168.1.1     Broadcast    DR       1       100  OSPF Process 65534 with Router ID 128.1.138.138InterfacesArea: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)Interface                    IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri  Loop2147483647               128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    0       1    Eth1/0/0.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/1.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/2.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/3.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/4.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/5.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/6.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/7.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/8.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/9.4094                128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:0            128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:1            128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:2            128.1.138.138   P2P          P-2-P    100     1
<DeviceA>

<DeviceB>display ospf interface
(M) Indicates MADJ interfaceOSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2InterfacesArea: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)Interface                    IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri  Eth1/0/0                     192.168.1.2     Broadcast    DROther  1       0    OSPF Process 65534 with Router ID 128.1.138.141InterfacesArea: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)Interface                    IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri  Loop2147483647               128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    0       1    Eth1/0/0.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/1.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/2.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/3.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/4.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/5.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/6.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/7.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/8.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    Eth1/0/9.4094                128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:0            128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:1            128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1    DCN-Serial1/0/0:2            128.1.138.141   P2P          P-2-P    100     1
<DeviceB>
<DeviceB>
<DeviceB>

如果邻居的状态是Full，这说明它和邻居之间形成了邻接关系；如果停留在2-Way的状态，则说明两者都不是DR或BDR，两者之间不需要交换LSA。

如果OSPF接口的状态是DROther，则说明它既不是DR，也不是BDR。

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