整理MISAR-2012错误解决方法-带编号,本文根据文档整理了部分常见的MISAR-2012错误及解决方法，顺序是错误码顺序，参考文档《LDRA standards for C/C++》，侵权即删。

代码注释compliant：代表合格的、正确的
代码注释not compliant：代表不合格的、不正确的
- S类
- - 9 S ：ssignment operator in expression
  - 12 S ：No brackets to then/else
  - 35 S ：Static procedure is not explicitly called in code analysed.
  - 47 S ：Array bound exceeded.
  - 59 S ：Else alternative missing in if.
  - 87 S ：Use of pointer arithmetic.
  - 90 S ：Basic type declaration used
  - 94 S ：Casting operation on a pointer.
  - 95 S ：Casting operation to a pointer.
  - 96 S ：ssignment operator in expression
  - 101 S ：Function return type inconsistent.
  - 104 S ：Struct field initialisation incorrect.
  - 114 S ：Expression is not Boolean
  - 139 S ：Construct leads to infeasible code.
  - 203 S ：Cast on a constant value.
  - 219 S ：User name starts with underscore.
  - 252 S ：Lower case suffix to literal number.
  - 270 S ：For loop initialisation is not simple.
  - 302 S ：Comment possibly contains code.
  - 331 S ：Literal value requires a U suffix.
  - 332 S ：Widening cast on complex integer expression.
  - 361 S ：Expression needs brackets.
  - 382 S ：(void) missing for discarded return value.
  - 397 S：Array initialisation has insufficient items.
  - 410 S ：Switch empty default has no comment.
  - 433 S ：Type conversion without cast
  - 434 S ：Signed/unsigned conversion without cast.
  - 436 S ：Declaration does not specify an array.
  - 443 S ：Unsigned integral type cast to signed.
  - 458 S ：Implicit conversion: actual to formal param.
  - 628 S ：Macro not used in translation unit.
- D类
- - 1 D ：Unused Procedure Parameter
  - 18 D ：Identifier name reused
  - 27 D ：Variable should be declared static.
  - 28 D ：Potentially Infinite loop found.
  - 61 D ：Procedure should be declared static.
  - 63 D ：No definition in system for prototyped procedure
  - 65 D ：void function has no side effects.
  - 69 D ：UR anomaly, variable used before assignment.
  - 76 D ：Procedure is not called or referenced in code analysed.
  - 91 D ： Function return value potentially unused.
  - 105 D ：DU anomaly dead code, var value is unused on all paths.
  - 120 D ：Pointer param should be declared pointer to const.
  - 128 D ：Global pointer not checked within this procedure
  - 135 D ：Pointer assigned to NULL may be dereferenced.
  - S ：
  - D ：

代码注释compliant：代表合格的、正确的

代码注释not compliant：代表不合格的、不正确的

S类

9 S ：ssignment operator in expression

中文含义：表达式中有赋值运算符
错误代码示例：

BOOL static_9(BOOL test)
{BOOL result,flag;result = ( flag = test ); /*not compliant:不合规*/return result;
}

12 S ：No brackets to then/else

中文含义：then/else缺少括号
代码示例：

SINT_32 static_12(SINT_32 p_1, SINT_32 p_2)
{SINT_32 i = 1;SINT_32 j = 0;if (p_1 > 0){i = i - 1;}elsei = i + 1;          /* not compliant */}

35 S ：Static procedure is not explicitly called in code analysed.

中文含义：static函数没有显示调用
错误代码示例：

static BOOL static_35(UINT_32 p_1)  /* not compliant */
{BOOL ret = ( p_1 == 1U );return ret;
}

47 S ：Array bound exceeded.

中文含义：数组越界
代码示例：

void static_047(void)
{SINT_32 array[5] = {0,0,0,0,0};SINT_32 *ptr;array[5] = 1; /* not compliant */ptr = &array[5]; /* compliant */ptr = &array[6]; /* not compliant */
}

59 S ：Else alternative missing in if.

中文含义：if后缺少else，规定if之后必须接else
代码示例：

void static_59 (void)
{UINT_32 x = 2u;if ( x == 2u ){/* ... */ ;}else if ( x == 3u){/* ... */ ;} /* not compliant 后面应该再接else {} */
}

87 S ：Use of pointer arithmetic.

中文含义：使用了指针运算，这是不允许的
代码示例：

void static_87(void)
{UINT_32 w;UINT_32 array[5];UINT_32 * p1_ptr;p1_ptr = array;w = *(p1_ptr + 8);  /* not compliant */
}

90 S ：Basic type declaration used

中文含义：使用了int、char、float、double等基础类型，这是不允许的
代码示例：

unsigned int static_90 (void) /* not compliant */
{char           ch;        /* not compliant unless modifier 219 set to 1 */unsigned char  uc;        /* not compliant */   unsigned int   ui_32;     /* not compliant */unsigned short ui_16;     /* not compliant */int            i_32;      /* not compliant */float          f_32;      /* not compliant */double         f_64;      /* not compliant */signed char    sc;        /* not compliant */wchar_t        wc;        /* not compliant unless modifier 219 or 462 set to 1 *//* ... */ return ui_32;
}

94 S ：Casting operation on a pointer.

中文含义：对指针执行强制转换操作
错误代码示例：

static void static_94(UINT_32 * p1_ptr)
{UINT_32 *ptr2;CHAR * ptr_ch;ptr2 = (UINT_32 *) p1_ptr;  /* not compliant, but permitted with modifier 396 */(void) get_ptr();           /* not compliant, but permitted with modifier 439 */ptr_ch = (CHAR *) p1_ptr;   /* not compliant, but permitted with modifier 440 */
}

95 S ：Casting operation to a pointer.

中文含义：将操作强制转换为指针
错误代码示例：


struct Astruct { UINT_32 a; };void static_95 (UINT_32 *intptr)
{struct Astruct *Astructptr;Astructptr = (struct Astruct *) intptr; /* not compliant */
}

96 S ：ssignment operator in expression

中文含义：不同类型混合计算
错误代码示例：

static void static_96(void)
{INT_32 i32 = 10;FLOAT_64 f64 = 20.5;FLOAT_32 f32 = 2.0F;f64 = i32 + f64;  /* not compliant 不合格的*/f64 = f64 * f32;  /* compliant 代表合格的*/
}
}

101 S ：Function return type inconsistent.

中文含义：返回值和函数类型对应不上
代码示例：

UINT_32 static_101( UINT_32 par_1)
{switch (par_1){case 0:return (-1);     /* not compliant */break;case 1:return (1U);break;case 2:return (1L);    /* not compliant */break;case 3:return (1.0f);  /* not compliant */break;default:break;}
}

104 S ：Struct field initialisation incorrect.

中文含义：结构字段初始化不正确。
代码示例：

struct s_type_a { SINT_32 xs; FLOAT_32 fs;};void static_104(void)
{struct s_type_a sta = {3.14F, 0.0f}; /* not compliant *//* 3.14F不符合SINT_32类型，0.0f应该写成0.0F */
}

114 S ：Expression is not Boolean

中文含义：表达式不能有boolean类型
错误代码示例：

void static_114(BOOL bl, UINT_32 a)
{UINT_32 x;BOOL flag;flag = bl + bl; /* not compliant */if (a) /* not compliant */{; /* ... */}x = ( a && bl ? 1U : 0U ); /* not compliant */
}

139 S ：Construct leads to infeasible code.

中文含义：if的条件可能不成立，导致if里面的语句不能抵达
代码示例：

#define defval 0typedef enum { LANE_0 = 0, LANE_1 = 1, LANE_LAST = 3 } lane_t;
extern lane_t get_lane ( void );
void static_139( void )
{lane_t lane = get_lane();if ( (lane > LANE_0) && ( lane <= LANE_LAST))/* not compliant - False branch of 'lane <= LANE_LAST' never reached */{ /* ... */ }if (defval)/* not compliant - True branch never reached*/{ /* ... */ }
}

203 S ：Cast on a constant value.

中文含义：同种类型之间使用强制转换
错误代码示例：

const INT_16 con = 19;
const INT_16 * pcon;static void static_203(void)
{INT_16 x;INT_16 *p;x = (INT_16)con;      /* not compliant if modifier = 0 */p = (INT_16 *)pcon;   /* not compliant */
}

219 S ：User name starts with underscore.

中文含义：使用了下划线作为函数或变量开头
错误代码示例：

typedef int _INT_NOK;  /* not compliant */static void static_219 ( void  )
{INT_32 _ohno;  /* not compliant */
}

252 S ：Lower case suffix to literal number.

中文含义：数字后面不能写小写后缀，得要是U或L，uint8这种无符号型数据后缀必须是U，比如uint8 i = 0U;
错误代码示例：

const SINT_64 fr1 = 64l; /* not compliant - looks too much like 641 */
const SINT_64 fr2 = 64L; /* compliant */ void static_252(void)
{SINT_64 x1 = fr2;
}

270 S ：For loop initialisation is not simple.

中文含义：for循环的初始化条件过于复杂
代码示例：

void static_270(void)
{UINT_32 loop;UINT_32 myVar = 0U;const UINT_32 max = 10U;for ( ++myVar, loop = 0U; loop < max; loop++ ) /* not compliant */{/* ... */}
}

302 S ：Comment possibly contains code.

中文含义：屏蔽的部分可能包含代码，可以用#if 0和#endif，不会报错
错误代码示例：

void static_302 (UINT_32 myParam)
{if (myParam > limit){myParam = limit;/* myParam--;*/ /* not compliant */}
}

331 S ：Literal value requires a U suffix.

中文含义：文字值需要U后缀
错误代码示例：

void static_331(void)
{UINT_32 x1 = 5;   /* not compliant */UINT_32 y1 = 6U;  /* compliant */UINT_64 z1 = 0;  /* not compliant, but permitted by modifier 358 */y1 = y1 * 7;     /* not compliant *//* Integer constant '7' should be '7U' when forming partof an expression containing unsigned int types. */
}

332 S ：Widening cast on complex integer expression.

中文含义：加宽对复杂整数表达式的强制转换。
错误代码示例：

typedef unsigned short Uint_16;
typedef unsigned int Uint_32;
Uint_16 u16a = 40000U;
Uint_16 u16b = 30000U;void static_332( void )
{Uint_32 u32 = (Uint_32) (u16a + u16b); /* not compliant *//*...*/
}

361 S ：Expression needs brackets.

中文含义：表达式需要括号
错误代码示例：

SINT_32 static_361(SINT_32 x1,SINT_32 x2,SINT_32 x3)
{SINT_32 z1;z1 = z1 * x2  >> 3U;   /* not compliant */  z1 = x1 * x2 + x3;     /* not compliant, but permitted by modifier 264 */z1 = x1 * x2++;        /* not compliant, but permitted by modifier 420 */z1 = x1 + x2 - x3;     /* not compliant, when modifier 119 set to 1 and 421 set to 0 */z1 = x1 + x2 + x3;     /* compliant */return z1;
}

382 S ：(void) missing for discarded return value.

中文含义：意思就是函数前要加(void)
错误代码示例：

UINT_32 a_fn(UINT_32 us1)
{return us1;
}void static_382(void)
{a_fn(my_const);         /* not compliant */(void)a_fn(my_const);   /* compliant */
}

397 S：Array initialisation has insufficient items.

中文含义：数组初始化没有足够的项
代码示例：

void static_397 (void)
{INT_32 my_array[3] = { 1, 2 };        /* Not Compliant */INT_32 array2[2][2] = { {0}, {1,2} }; /* Compliant, unless modifier 450 set to 1  */CHAR char_10[10] = "Hello";           /* Not Compliant, unless modifier 415 set to 1 */
}

410 S ：Switch empty default has no comment.

中文含义：switch语句应包含一个默认条款，如果之前的case条款未得到满足，则该默认条款将采取适当的措施，或者至少包含一条注释，表明程序员已经考虑了这种可能性。注释必须放在默认值之后和中断之前。
代码示例：

void static_410( void )
{switch (season){case spring:x1 = 1U;break;case summer:x1 = 4U;break;case autumn:x1 = 7U;break;case winter:x1 = 10U;break;/* not compliant */default:/*此处应该包含注释*/break;}
}

433 S ：Type conversion without cast

中文含义：无强制转换的类型转换
错误代码示例：

void static_433(long s64)
{char ch = s64; /* not compliant */
}

434 S ：Signed/unsigned conversion without cast.

中文含义：没使用强制转换，就把A类型变量赋值给B类型变量
错误代码示例：

void static_434(UINT_32 us1)
{SINT_32 ss1 = us1;  /* not compliant *//* converting to signed may result in a loss of information */
}

436 S ：Declaration does not specify an array.

中文含义：声明未指定数组
错误代码示例：

void static_436 (INT_8 * ptr, INT_8 arr[10])
{INT_8  * p1 = ptr;INT_8  * p2 = arr;ptr[5] = 0;   /* not compliant - ptr was not declared as an array */p1[5] = 0;    /* not compliant - p1 and ptr were not declared as an array */p2[5] = 0;    /* not compliant if modifier 400 is set- p2 not declared as an array, but does point to an array */}

443 S ：Unsigned integral type cast to signed.

中文含义：无符号整型转换为有符号整型。
代码示例：

void static_443( void )
{INT_32  s32;UINT_32 u32a,u32b;s32 = (INT_32)(u32a + u32b);  /* not compliant */s32 = (INT_32)(u32a);         /* not compliant unless modifier 191 is set to 1 */}

458 S ：Implicit conversion: actual to formal param.

中文含义：隐式转换：实际参数到形式参数，调用的函数参数类型是A，结果传入的是B类型
错误代码示例：

static void narrow_int(Uint_32 u32b)
{;  /* ... */
}static void static_458(void)
{Uint_64 u64a;narrow_int(u64a); /* not compliant */
}

628 S ：Macro not used in translation unit.

中文含义：#define定义的数据没有被使用过
错误代码示例：

#define SIZE_USED 6       /* compliant */
#define DATA 3           /* not compliant */
INT_32 static_628(void)
{#define SIZE_NOT_USED 6   /* not compliant */
return SIZE_USED;
}

D类

1 D ：Unused Procedure Parameter

中文含义：存在未使用的程序参数
代码示例：

UINT_32 SDA_001( UINT_32 p_1, UINT_32 p_2 )
{UINT_32 v_1;v_1 = p_1;v_1++;return v_1;
}  /* not compliant - p_2 is not used */

18 D ：Identifier name reused

中文含义：局部变量名称与全局变量一致
代码示例：

UINT_32 Re_Used;
UINT_32 SDA_018( void )
{UINT_32 Re_Used; /* not compliant */Re_Used = 1;return Re_Used;
}

27 D ：Variable should be declared static.

中文含义：意思是只在本文件使用的变量，前面要加static，在其他文件要使用的可不加
错误代码示例：

第一个文件:Sda_027_1.c#include "c_standards.h"INT_32 global_1 = 1;     /* not compliant */INT_32 global_2 = 2;     /* compliant as used in other file */static INT_32 SDA_027( void )
{return global_2 - global_1;
}INT_32 main( void )
{return  SDA_027() + SDA_027_2();
}第二个文件:Sda_027_2.c#include "c_standards.h"INT_32 global_2;INT_32 SDA_027_2 ( void )
{return global_2;
}

28 D ：Potentially Infinite loop found.

中文含义：发现潜在的无限循环
错误代码示例：

void SDA_028( void )
{INT_32 i = 1;BOOL flag = TRUE;while (flag) /* not compliant */{if (i==0){flag = FALSE;}}
}

61 D ：Procedure should be declared static.

中文含义：只在当前文件使用的函数应该被声明为static，在其他文件使用的就不声明static
错误代码示例：

Sda_061_1.c#include "c_standards.h"static void helper_proc1( void ) { ; } /* compliant */void helper_proc2( void) { ; }    /* not compliant  */void sda_061( void )    /* 因为在第二个文件使用了，所以可不用声明为static */
{helper_proc1();helper_proc2();
}第二个文件:Sda_061_2.c#include "c_standards.h"int main(void)
{sda_061();return 0;
}

63 D ：No definition in system for prototyped procedure

中文含义：函数声明了，但没定义内容
代码示例：

void sda_063_1( void );
void sda_063_2( void );  /* Not compliant */void sda_063_1( void )
{/***/
}int main(void)
{sda_063_1();sda_063_2();return 0;
}

65 D ：void function has no side effects.

中文含义：具有无效返回类型的功能应具有外部副作用。未能为生成任何输出做出贡献可能不是开发人员的意图或期望。
个人理解：可能是说函数没有返回值，参数又没有输入指针或结构体去改变什么值，没有任何产出，说这种函数没啥实际意义。
错误代码示例：

static void sda_065_1( void ) /* not compliant */
{UINT_32 local_int = 1U;local_int++;
}

69 D ：UR anomaly, variable used before assignment.

中文含义：在赋值前使用的变量
错误代码示例：

void sda_069 ( void )
{UINT_32 var_1;  /* not compliant */var_1++;
}

76 D ：Procedure is not called or referenced in code analysed.

中文含义：意思是这个函数未被调用过
代码示例：

static void SDA_076 ( void) /*函数未被调用过 not complaint */
{;
}
SINT_32 main(void)
{}

91 D ： Function return value potentially unused.

中文含义：函数返回值可能未被使用
代码示例：

static UINT_32 return_unsigned ( void )
{return 4U;
}static void SDA_091 ( UINT_32 x )
{UINT_32 partused;partused = return_unsigned ( ); /* not compliant */if ( x == 3 )   /*因为有条件，所以可能未被使用到*/  {glob_res = partused;}/* partused not used down else branch of if statement */
}

105 D ：DU anomaly dead code, var value is unused on all paths.

中文含义：意思就是变量的值，在此函数区域内没有使用过
代码示例：

static void sda_105 ( const UINT_32 p1 )
{UINT_32 var_1 = 0U;UINT_32 var_2 = p1;  var_1++;           /* not compliant - var_1 is not used */if ( p1 > 42U ){printf("%u\n", var_2); /* Compliant - var_2 is used  */}
}

120 D ：Pointer param should be declared pointer to const.

中文含义：指针参数应该被定义为const
代码示例：

void sda_120( UINT_32 * pptr1,const UINT_32 * pptr2,  /* compliant */UINT_32 * pptr3,        /* not compliant - should be const */UINT_32 arr1[ ],        /* not compliant - should be const */const UINT_32 arr2[ ]   /* compliant */)
{*pptr1 = *pptr2 + *pptr3;         /* data at address pptr3 not changed */ /***/*pptr1 = arr1[0] + arr2[0];      /* array data not changed */
}

128 D ：Global pointer not checked within this procedure

中文含义：在使用全局指针之前，没有检查它是否为NULL
代码示例：

UINT_32 *glob1;
UINT_32 *glob2;void SDA_128(void)
{UINT_32 loc = *glob1; /* not compliant */UINT_32 loc2;if (glob2 != NULL){loc2 = *glob2; /* compliant */}
}

135 D ：Pointer assigned to NULL may be dereferenced.

中文含义：分配给NULL的指针可能会被取消引用，还是要检查空指针的意思，防止有的指针通过判断条件才给其定义指向，但有时候判断不成立，就没有定义指向，指针依旧是NULL，而后面使用前，如果不做NULL判断，就会出问题。
代码示例：

SINT_32 glob = 1;void sda135(SINT_32 flag)
{SINT_32 *ptr1 = NULL;SINT_32 *ptr2 = NULL;SINT_32 val;if (flag == 1){ptr1 = &glob;ptr2 = &glob;}val = *ptr1; /* not compliant - ptr1 could be NULL */if (ptr2 != NULL){val = *ptr2; /* compliant - ptr2 checked for NULL */}
}

S ：

中文含义：
代码示例：

D ：