Android App创建Ble服务

先写一个Ble服务 AdvertiserService 代码如下


/*** Created by lxy on 2022/04/26.*/public class AdvertiserService extends Service {
//    private  RecvDelegate delegate;private static final String TAG="AdvertiserService";String CHANNEL_ONE_ID = "com.shanling.com";
//    private static final int FOREGROUND_NOTIFICATION_ID=1;public static  BluetoothDevice mDevice;private static final String NOTIF_ID = "com.shanling.bleService";    //这里的id里面输入自己的项目的包的路径private static final String NOTIF_NAME = "Channel_One";public static boolean running=false;public static final String ADVERTISENG_FILED="com.shanLing.Lxy.advertising_failed";public static final String ADVERTISING_FAILED_EXTRA_CODE="failureCode";
//    public static final int ADVERTISING_TIMED_OUT=6;private BluetoothLeAdvertiser mBluetoothLeAdvertiser;private AdvertiseCallback mAdertiseCallback;
//    private Handler mHandler;
//    private Runnable timeoutRunnable;
//    private long TIMEOUT= TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(10,TimeUnit.MINUTES);public static BluetoothGattServer mBluetoothGattServer;BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;public static BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristicNotif;private static UUID UUID_SERVER = UUID.fromString("0000d33c-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");private static UUID UUID_DESCRIPTOR = UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");private static UUID UUID_CHARNOTIF = UUID.fromString("0000D351-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
//    private static UUID UUID_CHARREAD = UUID.fromString("0000D352-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");private static UUID UUID_CHARWRITE = UUID.fromString("0000D353-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");//D33C服务的UUIDpublic static final ParcelUuid Service_UUID=ParcelUuid.fromString("0000d33c-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");private byte[] rData;private  int len = 0;@Overridepublic void onCreate(){running=true;initialize();startAdvertising();setTimeout();super.onCreate();}@Overridepublic void onDestroy(){stopAdvertising();running=false;
//        mHandler.removeCallbacks(timeoutRunnable);
//        stopForeground(true);
//防止在系统蓝牙切换后无法启动D33C的服务特征 从而无法进行Ble交互mBluetoothGattServer = null;rData = null;len = 0;super.onDestroy();}@Nullable@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {return null;}private void initialize(){if(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser==null){mBluetoothManager=(BluetoothManager)getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);if(mBluetoothManager!=null){BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter=mBluetoothManager.getAdapter();if(bluetoothAdapter!=null){mBluetoothLeAdvertiser=bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();}else{Toast.makeText(this,"设备不支持蓝牙广播",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}else{Toast.makeText(this,"不支持蓝牙",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}private void setTimeout(){//服务开启后不设定时间关闭
//        mHandler=new Handler();
//        timeoutRunnable=new Runnable(){
//            @Override
//            public void run(){
//                Log.d(TAG,"广播服务已经运行"+TIMEOUT+"秒，停止停止广播");
//                sendFailureIntent(ADVERTISING_TIMED_OUT);
//                stopSelf();
//            }
//        };
//        mHandler.postDelayed(timeoutRunnable,TIMEOUT);}private void startAdvertising(){
//        goForeground();
//        Log.d(TAG,"服务开始广播");if(mAdertiseCallback==null){AdvertiseSettings settings=buildAdvertiseSettings();AdvertiseData data = buildAdvertiseData();AdvertiseData aa = buildScanResponseData();mAdertiseCallback=new SampleAdvertiseCallback();if(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser!=null){
//这种方式发送可以广播62个字节
//还有个方式发送广播包 ，不添加扫描响应包参数，最多只能发送31个字节       mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(settings,data,aa,mAdertiseCallback);}}}private void stopAdvertising(){
//        Log.d(TAG,"服务停止广播");if(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser!=null){if (mDevice!=null){SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService().sendDataToClient(new byte[0],SynclinkConstants.SL_LOGOUT_RESP);SystemClock.sleep(20);//休眠20毫秒}mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdertiseCallback);
//            startAdvertising();//开始广播
//            mAdertiseCallback=null; //lxy 这个必须要屏蔽 否则会出现多个读写特征 屏蔽的话 就只有一个}}/*创建广播包数据*/private AdvertiseData buildAdvertiseData(){AdvertiseData.Builder dataBuilder=new AdvertiseData.Builder();dataBuilder.addServiceUuid(Service_UUID);//服务ID D33C
//        dataBuilder.setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true); //是否广播信号强度return dataBuilder.build();}/*扫描响应包数据*/private AdvertiseData buildScanResponseData(){AdvertiseData.Builder mScanResponseData = new AdvertiseData.Builder().setIncludeDeviceName(true);//是否显示设备名称String aa= NetUtils.getBluetoothAddress();String bb = aa.replace(":", "");byte[] mm = stringToBytes(bb);if (mm!=null && mm.length == 6){byte[] a = new byte[2];byte[] b = new byte[4];System.arraycopy(mm,0,a,0, 2);int c  = ((a[0] & 0xFF) << 8)+ (a[1]& 0xfff);System.arraycopy(mm,2,b,0, 4);mScanResponseData.addManufacturerData(c,b);  //添加厂商信息}return mScanResponseData.build();}private AdvertiseSettings buildAdvertiseSettings(){AdvertiseSettings.Builder settingsBuilder=new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();settingsBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER);settingsBuilder.setTimeout(0);return settingsBuilder.build();}private class SampleAdvertiseCallback extends AdvertiseCallback{@Overridepublic void onStartFailure(int errorCode){super.onStartFailure(errorCode);
//            Log.d(TAG,"广播失败");sendFailureIntent(errorCode);stopSelf();}@Overridepublic void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect){super.onStartSuccess(settingsInEffect);
//            Log.d(TAG,"服务端的广播成功开启");
//            Log.d(TAG,"BLE服务的广播启动成功后：TxPowerLv="+settingsInEffect.getTxPowerLevel()+"；mode="+settingsInEffect.getMode()+"；timeout="+settingsInEffect.getTimeout());initServices(getContext());//该方法是添加一个服务，在此处调用即将服务广播出去}}private void sendFailureIntent(int errorCode){Intent failureIntent=new Intent();failureIntent.setAction(ADVERTISENG_FILED);failureIntent.putExtra(ADVERTISING_FAILED_EXTRA_CODE,errorCode);sendBroadcast(failureIntent);}//添加一个服务，该服务有一个读特征、该特征有一个描述；一个写特征。//用BluetoothGattServer添加服务，并实现该类的回调接口private void initServices(Context context){if (mBluetoothGattServer!=null){//防止出现多个服务和特征return;}mBluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothManager.openGattServer(context,bluetoothGattServerCallback);BluetoothGattService service=new BluetoothGattService(UUID_SERVER,BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);
//        characteristicRead=new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID_CHARREAD,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);
//        BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor=new BluetoothGattDescriptor(UUID_DESCRIPTOR,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);
//        characteristicRead.addDescriptor(descriptor);
//        service.addCharacteristic(characteristicRead);BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristicWrite = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID_CHARWRITE,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);service.addCharacteristic(characteristicWrite);characteristicNotif = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID_CHARNOTIF,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY);BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor=new BluetoothGattDescriptor(UUID_DESCRIPTOR,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY);characteristicNotif.addDescriptor(descriptor);service.addCharacteristic(characteristicNotif);mBluetoothGattServer.addService(service);
//        Log.d(TAG,"初始化服务成功：initServices ok");}//服务事件的回调private BluetoothGattServerCallback bluetoothGattServerCallback=new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {//1、首先是连接状态的回调@Overridepublic void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState);if (newState == 2) {mDevice = device;
//                Log.e(TAG, "连接状态成功  "+ "status=" + status + "newstate=" + newState);} else {mDevice = null;SynclinkLogic.getInstance().setSyncLinkServerConnection(false);
//                Log.e(TAG, "连接状态失败  "+ "status=" + status + "newstate=" + newState);}}//        @Override
//        public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
//            super.onCharacteristicReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, characteristic);
//            Log.e(TAG,"客户端有读的请求，安卓系统回调该onCharacteristicReadRequest()方法");
//
//            mBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device,requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,offset,characteristic.getValue());
//        }//接受具体字节，当有特征被写入时，回调该方法，写入的数据为参数中的value@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {super.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(device, requestId, characteristic, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);
//            Log.e(TAG,"客户端有写入Id="+requestId+"写入的字节长度Length="+value.length);/*** 该方法必须调用 否则会半分钟断开连接* 特征被读取，在该回调方法中回复客户端响应成功*/mBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device,requestId,BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,offset,value);//处理响应内容 value:客户端发送过来的数据onResponseToClient(value,device,requestId,characteristic);
//            if (running) { //连接成功后关闭关闭
//                if(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser!=null){
//                    mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdertiseCallback);
//                }
//            }}//特征被读取。当回复相应成功后，客户端胡读取然后触发本方法@Overridepublic void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {super.onDescriptorReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, descriptor);
//            Log.e(TAG, "onDescriptorReadRequest: "+"特征被读取。当回复相应成功后，客户端胡读取然后触发本方法" );mBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device,requestId,BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,offset,null);}//2、其次，当有描述请求被写入时，回调该方法，@Overridepublic void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {super.onDescriptorWriteRequest(device, requestId, descriptor, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);
//            Log.e(TAG, "onDescriptorWriteRequest: "+"其次，当有描述请求被写入时，回调该方法，");mBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device,requestId,BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,offset,value);}//通知@Overridepublic void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {super.onNotificationSent(device, status);
//            Log.e(TAG, "onNotificationSent: 通知  状态status = "+status );}@Overridepublic void onServiceAdded(int status,BluetoothGattService service){super.onServiceAdded(status,service);
//            Log.e(TAG,"添加服务成功，安卓系统回调该onServiceAdded()方法");}};//4.处理相应内容,requestBytes是客户端发送过来的数据private void onResponseToClient(byte[] data,BluetoothDevice device,int requestId,BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic){
//        //在服务端接受数据
//        if (SynclinkLogic.getInstance()!=null &&SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService()!=null )              //SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService().parseDataForIOS(data);if (SynclinkLogic.getInstance()!=null &&SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService()!=null ){if (rData!=null && rData.length>= 12){System.arraycopy(data,0, rData, 180, data.length);SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService().parseDataForIOS(rData);rData = null;len = 0;}else {if (data.length>=12){byte[] lenBytes = new byte[]{data[8], data[9], data[10], data[11]};len = ConvertUtils.bytes2Int(lenBytes, lenBytes.length);rData = new byte[len+12];  //12  168System.arraycopy(data, 0, rData, 0, data.length);}if (len<=168 && len>=0) {SynclinkLogic.getInstance().getChatService().parseDataForIOS(rData);rData = null;len = 0;}}}}public Context getContext(){return this;}/*** String转byte[]* @return byte[]*/public static byte[] stringToBytes(String src) {int m=0,n=0;int l=src.length()/2;System.out.println(l);byte[] ret = new byte[l];for (int i = 0; i < l; i++){m=i*2+1;n=m+1;int aa = Integer.decode("0x" + src.substring(i*2, m) + src.substring(m,n));ret[i] = (byte) aa;}return ret;}

App只关心D33C服务，在D33C服务下存在无回应写(D353) 和通知(D351) 两个特征

创建完后再Manifest注册服务

        <serviceandroid:name=".Synclink.AdvertiserService"android:enabled="true"android:exported="false" />

注册完在需要用到的地方注册服务回调(回调可以省略不写，但是广播出错时，可是添加服务回调，查看错误信息)

//by lxyprivate BroadcastReceiver advertisingFailureReceiver;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);baseSetContentView(R.layout.sync_link_activity);ButterKnife.bind(this);init();advertisingFailureReceiver=new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {int errorCode=intent.getIntExtra(AdvertiserService.ADVERTISING_FAILED_EXTRA_CODE,-1);setSyncLinkServer(false);String errorMessage="广告启动失败类型:";switch (errorCode){case AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED:errorMessage+=" 已经开始";break;case AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_DATA_TOO_LARGE:errorMessage+=" 数据包太长";break;case AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED:errorMessage+=" 设备不支持广告";break;case AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR:errorMessage+=" 整形错误";break;case AdvertiseCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_TOO_MANY_ADVERTISERS:errorMessage+=" 太多广告";break;
//                    case AdvertiserService.ADVERTISING_TIMED_OUT:
//                        errorMessage+=" 广告超时";
//                        break;default:errorMessage+=" 未知错误";}Log.e("TAG", "onReceive: "+errorMessage );
//                Toast.makeText(SynclinkActivity.this,errorMessage,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}};}

在onResume和onPause中进行注册和取消注册

    //by lxy add@Overrideprotected void onResume() {super.onResume();IntentFilter failureFilter=new IntentFilter(AdvertiserService.ADVERTISENG_FILED);registerReceiver(advertisingFailureReceiver,failureFilter);}@Overridepublic void onPause(){super.onPause();unregisterReceiver(advertisingFailureReceiver);}

创建单例声明属性并实现/关闭Ble服务

private Intent bleServiceIntent;

实例化该属性

bleServiceIntent = new Intent(mContext,AdvertiserService.class);

开启/关闭Ble服务

        //by lxy  停止ble服务if (AdvertiserService.running) {mContext.stopService(bleServiceIntent);}

            //开启Ble服务if (!AdvertiserService.running)mContext.startService(bleServiceIntent);

到此功能完成

服务开启后可通过iPhone上的LightBlue App查看ble设备(没有LightBlue可在App Store下载)。通过LightBlue也可查看发出的广播包以及服务特征，如图:其中UUID为AA15的为该手机自身携带的特征。D33C为我们自定义的特征

该功能是去年完成，转载请说明出处。

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