设计模式-命令模式和组合模式的综合应用

题目

使用组合命令模式实现多功能开关,让用户进行设置,可以同时控制教室的所有灯的开和关，并能控制风扇、空凋、多媒体投影仪设备的开和关。

思路

在之前的命令模式学习中，通常是对一种设备进行不同类型的操作，例如open\close

这时需要对多种不同设备进行相同的两种命令，就需要对各种设备进行抽象，抽象类Device, 各种设备则是Device的具体子类，Device通过两个操作接口，open,close。而命令的抽象类为 Command，openCommand、closeCommand则是其具体子类，在实例化open/closeCommand时则传入Device参数，让Command与Device进行绑定，比如生成空调的开命令: openCommand(airCleaner);

题目中“同时控制所有灯”,这就表示一个Command可以操作多个灯Device，这时可以使用组合模式，额外新增 Device的一个具体子类 DevicePackage, 用于将多个Device组合在一起形成一个逻辑整体

在对DevicePackage进行close时，则对里面所有Device进行close操作，控制所有灯的Command则与DevicePackage进行绑定

最终Client使用的遥控器Controller，则需要设置灯package、风扇、空调、多媒体的open/closeCommand 成员, 并且提供诸如 openAirCleaner、CloseAllLights…之类的操作

最终类图

代码实现 : java

package hah;import java.util.ArrayList;public class Pro {public static void main(String[] args) {DevicePackage allLights; // 所有灯设备的集合Device light, light2, blower, airCleaner, Multimedia;// 初始化设备allLights = new DevicePackage();light = new Light();light2 = new Light();blower = new Blower();airCleaner = new airCleaner();Multimedia = new Multimedia();allLights.addDevice(light);allLights.addDevice(light2);// 初始化命令Command lightsOpenCommand, lightsCloseCommand, blowerOpenCommand, blowerCloseCommand, airOpenCommand,airCloseCommand, multiOpenCommand, multiCloseCommand;lightsOpenCommand = new DeviceOpenCommand(allLights);lightsCloseCommand = new DeviceCloseCommand(allLights);blowerOpenCommand = new DeviceOpenCommand(blower);blowerCloseCommand = new DeviceCloseCommand(blower);airOpenCommand = new DeviceOpenCommand(airCleaner);airCloseCommand = new DeviceCloseCommand(airCleaner);multiOpenCommand = new DeviceOpenCommand(Multimedia);multiCloseCommand = new DeviceCloseCommand(Multimedia);// 命令集成为多功能遥控Controller controller = new Controller(lightsOpenCommand, lightsCloseCommand, blowerOpenCommand,blowerCloseCommand, airOpenCommand, airCloseCommand, multiOpenCommand, multiCloseCommand);controller.openAllLights();controller.openBlower();controller.openMulti();controller.openAirCleaner();controller.closeAllLights();controller.closeBlower();controller.closeMulti();controller.closeAirCleaner();}
}class Controller {private Command lightsOpenCommand, lightsCloseCommand, blowerOpenCommand, blowerCloseCommand, airOpenCommand,airCloseCommand, multiOpenCommand, multiCloseCommand;public Controller(Command lightsOpenCommand, Command lightsCloseCommand, Command blowerOpenCommand,Command blowerCloseCommand, Command airOpenCommand, Command airCloseCommand, Command multiOpenCommand,Command multiCloseCommand) {this.lightsOpenCommand = lightsOpenCommand;this.lightsCloseCommand = lightsCloseCommand;this.blowerOpenCommand = blowerOpenCommand;this.blowerCloseCommand = blowerCloseCommand;this.airCloseCommand = airCloseCommand;this.airOpenCommand = airOpenCommand;this.multiCloseCommand = multiCloseCommand;this.multiOpenCommand = multiOpenCommand;}public void openAllLights() {lightsOpenCommand.execute();}public void closeAllLights() {lightsCloseCommand.execute();}public void openBlower() {blowerOpenCommand.execute();}public void closeBlower() {blowerCloseCommand.execute();}public void openAirCleaner() {airOpenCommand.execute();}public void closeAirCleaner() {airCloseCommand.execute();}public void openMulti() {multiOpenCommand.execute();}public void closeMulti() {multiCloseCommand.execute();}
}abstract class Command {protected Device device;public abstract void execute();
}class DeviceOpenCommand extends Command {public DeviceOpenCommand(Device device) {this.device = device;}@Overridepublic void execute() {device.open();}}class DeviceCloseCommand extends Command {public DeviceCloseCommand(Device device) {this.device = device;}@Overridepublic void execute() {device.close();}}abstract class Device {public abstract void close();public abstract void open();
}class DevicePackage extends Device {private ArrayList<Device> list = new ArrayList<Device>();public void addDevice(Device device) {list.add(device);}public void removeDevice(Device device) {list.remove(device);}@Overridepublic void close() {int index = 1;for (Device device : list) {System.out.print(index + "号");device.close();index++;}}@Overridepublic void open() {int index = 1;for (Device device : list) {System.out.print(index + "号");device.open();index++;}}}class airCleaner extends Device {@Overridepublic void close() {System.out.println("空调关了");}@Overridepublic void open() {System.out.println("空调开了");}}class Multimedia extends Device {@Overridepublic void close() {System.out.println("多媒体关了");}@Overridepublic void open() {System.out.println("多媒体开了");}}class Blower extends Device {@Overridepublic void close() {System.out.println("风扇关了");}@Overridepublic void open() {System.out.println("风扇开了");}}class Light extends Device {@Overridepublic void close() {System.out.println("灯关了");}@Overridepublic void open() {System.out.println("灯开了");}}

运行结果：

1号灯开了
2号灯开了
风扇开了
多媒体开了
空调开了
1号灯关了
2号灯关了
风扇关了
多媒体关了
空调关了