安装mingw+Theano+keras（多警告、错误解决办法）
2024-05-28 04:44:36
安装mingw+Theano+keras
- 一、关于深度学习框架TensorFlow、Theano 和 Keras
- 二、可以安装theano、keras的python版本
- 三、安装mingw+Theano+keras
- 1. 进入cmd，创建虚拟环境keras：
- 2. 进入虚拟环境keras：
- 3.安装 mingw 和 libpython ：
- 4. 安装theano：
- 5. 安装keras：
- 6. 检验是否安装成功：
- 1. 进入python，使用`import theano`检验theano是否安装成功：
- 警告解决方法：
- 2. theano.test()检验theano是否真的安装成功：
- 3.如果用高于3.5.X的python环境进行安装， theano.test()时会出现以下错误，并附带解决办法：
- 错误解决方法：
- 参考链接
一、关于深度学习框架TensorFlow、Theano 和 Keras
https://www.cnblogs.com/shenxiaolin/p/11121152.html
Keras 可以基于两个Backend（也就是Keras 基于什么东西来做运算）：
一个是 Theano，一个是 Tensorflow（默认）。可以通过修改Backend将默认的Tensorflow改为Theano。
如果我们选择Theano作为Keras的Backend， 那么Keras就用 Theano 在底层搭建你需要的神经网络；
同样，如果选择 Tensorflow 的话呢，Keras 就使用 Tensorflow 在底层搭建神经网络。
二、可以安装theano、keras的python版本
theano、keras兼容的python版本：
- theano -> python[version='>=2.7,<2.8.0a0|>=3.7,<3.8.0a0|>=3.8,<3.9.0a0|>=3.6,<3.7.0a0|>=3.5,<3.6.0a0']
- keras -> python[version='>=3.5,<3.6.0a0|>=3.6,<3.7.0a0']
我们选择python3.5进行安装。
三、安装mingw+Theano+keras
1. 进入cmd，创建虚拟环境keras：
至于需要创建虚拟环境的原因，请参见文章：Anaconda、Jupyterlab、虚拟环境、Kernel
conda create --name keras python=3.5
2. 进入虚拟环境keras：
conda activate keras
3.安装 mingw 和 libpython ：
conda install mingw libpython
报错：
PackagesNotFoundError: The following packages are not available from current channels:- mingwCurrent channels:- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/win-64- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/noarch- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarchTo search for alternate channels that may provide the conda package you are looking for, navigate tohttps://anaconda.organd use the search bar at the top of the page.
解决：
anaconda search -t conda mingw
显示：
Using Anaconda API: https://api.anaconda.org
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py:857: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warningsInsecureRequestWarning)
Packages:Name | Version | Package Types | Platforms | Builds------------------------- | ------ | --------------- | --------------- | ----------RMG/mingwpy | 0.1.0 | conda | win-32, win-64 | py27_3: GCC for Windows 64 & 32 bitsbcilab/qt_mingw_32_release | 5.15.0 | conda | win-32 | 0bcilab/qt_mingw_64_release | 5.15.0 | conda | win-64 | 0bcilab/resonance_beta_mingw_32 | 3.3.1 | conda | win-32 | 103bcilab/resonance_mingw_32 | 3.4.1 | conda | win-32 | 11, 13, 138, 20, 0, 79, 18, 27, 23, 28, 132, 131, 89, 72, 134, 80, 78, 86, 87, 84, 85bcilab/resonance_mingw_64 | 3.4.1 | conda | win-32, win-64 | 25, 27, 20, 18, 28, 0, 2, 4conda-forge/mingwpy | 0.1.0 | conda | win-32, win-64 | py27_2, py34_1, py34_0, py27_0, py27_1, py35_0, py34_2: GCC for Windows 64 & 32 bitsfree/mingw | 4.7 | conda | win-32, win-64 | 1, 0ijstokes/mingwpy | v0.1.0 | conda | win-64 | 0.1.0lucaszw/mingw-runtime | 4.7 | conda | win-32 | 0mfix/libboost-mingw | 1.67.0 | conda | win-64 | 1mwm126/libboost-mingw | 1.65.1 | conda | win-64 | 1, 0mwojcikowski/mingwpy | 0.1.0 | conda | win-32, win-64 | py34_2, py34_1, py34_0, py27_0, py27_1, py35_0, py27_2: GCC for Windows 64 & 32 bitsomnia/mingwpy | 0.1.0 | conda | win-32, win-64 | py27_3, py36_3, py34_3, py33_3: GCC for Windows 64 & 32 bitstakluyver/mingw-w64 | 3.1.0.1 | conda | linux-64 | 0tz-lom/qt_mingw_64_release | | conda | win-64 | 0tz-lom/resonance_mingw_32 | | conda | win-32 | 139tz-lom/resonance_mingw_64 | | conda | win-64 | 27ukoethe/mingw | | conda | win-64 | 0, vc11ukoethe/mingw-for-msvc | 4.7.2 | conda | win-64 | 0: Configure MinGW as a subtool of Visual Studio (needed to compile packages that MSVC can't handle, e.g. Fortran sources)ukoethe/mingw-for-msvc-build | 4.7.2 | conda | win-64 | 0: Configure MinGW as a subtool of Visual Studio (needed to compile packages that MSVC can't handle, e.g. Fortran sources)wheeler-microfluidics/mingw-runtime | 4.7 | conda | win-32 | 0wheeler-microfluidics/tdm-mingw | 1.908.0 | conda | win-32 | 1willyd/openblas-mingw | 0.2.14 | conda | win-64 | 0
Found 24 packagesRun 'anaconda show <USER/PACKAGE>' to get installation details
选择一个从上述路径中选一个可行的路径再次安装：例如选择 free/mingw | 4.7 | conda | win-32, win-64 | 1, 0
conda install -c https://conda.anaconda.org/free mingw
安装libpython：
conda install libpython
查看是否成功：
g++ --versiong++.exe (GCC) 4.7.0 20111220 (experimental)
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
4. 安装theano：
conda install theano
有可能会出现连接失败的问题，重试即可。
5. 安装keras：
conda install keras
6. 检验是否安装成功：
1. 进入python，使用import theano检验theano是否安装成功：
(keras) C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.8.11 (default, Aug 6 2021, 09:57:55) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import theano
WARNING (theano.tensor.blas): Using NumPy C-API based implementation for BLAS functions.
出现了警告：Using NumPy C-API based implementation for BLAS functions.
警告解决方法：
a. 第一步：安装三个包
#在环境中安装这三个包
conda install mkl
conda install mkl-service
conda install blas
b. 第二步：在用户目录下放置一个文件
在桌面新建一个txt文档，输入如下内容：
#我建的是这个
[blas]
ldflags=-lmkl_rt
或者输入如下内容：
[blas]
ldflags=-lblas
将文档另存为文件名：.theanorc.txt ，文档类型为：所有文件（.） 。文件的存放路径为：C:\Users\你的电脑用户名 。
c. 验证，再次import theano就没有警告啦！
(keras) C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.8.11 (default, Aug 6 2021, 09:57:55) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import theano
>>> print (theano.config.blas.ldflags)
-lmkl_rt
2. theano.test()检验theano是否真的安装成功：
虽然现在import成功了。但是，大佬都用theano.test()来检验theano是否真的安装成功，即使出现了一堆错误，但是如果出现default=0 的话，就说明安装成功了~ ~
去python里theano.test()：
(keras)C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.5.6 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Aug 26 2018, 16:05:27) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import theano
>>> theano.test()
Theano version 1.0.2
theano is installed in C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano
NumPy version 1.14.2
NumPy relaxed strides checking option: True
NumPy is installed in C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\numpy
Python version 3.5.6 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Aug 26 2018, 16:05:27) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)]
nose version 1.3.7
EE...........E.EE.....EEEE....E..................................C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\gof\vm.py:887: UserWarning: CVM does not support memory profile, using Stack VM.'CVM does not support memory profile, using Stack VM.')
.E.........SS.............0.7415943278643314
0.7415943278643314
0.7415943278643314
0.7415943278643314
....E...E.....EEEEE..E......................................E...................................................E......................EC:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\gof\vm.py:890: UserWarning: LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, using Stack VM.'LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, '
.C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\gof\vm.py:890: UserWarning: LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, using Stack VM.'LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, '
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\gof\vm.py:890: UserWarning: LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, using Stack VM.'LoopGC does not support partial evaluation, '
.....EEEESEEEEEEEESEEEES.C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\gpuarray\type.py:895: UserWarning: config.experimental.unpickle_gpu_on_cpu is set to True. Unpickling GpuArray as numpy.ndarray"config.experimental.unpickle_gpu_on_cpu is set to True. "
.EEEEEES.....SEE...C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\sandbox\rng_mrg.py:1031: UserWarning: MRG_RandomStreams.multinomial_wo_replacement() is deprecated and will be removed in the next release of Theano. Please use MRG_RandomStreams.choice() instead.warnings.warn('MRG_RandomStreams.multinomial_wo_replacement() is '
.C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\sandbox\rng_mrg.py:1031: UserWarning: MRG_RandomStreams.multinomial_wo_replacement() is deprecated and will be removed in the next release of Theano. Please use MRG_RandomStreams.choice() instead.warnings.warn('MRG_RandomStreams.multinomial_wo_replacement() is '
...EES..E....E.......EEEE.EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE.....EEEEE...E....E..E..S.....EEEEEEEEE......EEE......EEEE..........SEE..SSSS.......S.....E...
======================================================================
ERROR: Failure: ImportError (No module named 'parameterized')
======================================================================
ERROR: test_nnet (theano.compile.tests.test_misc.TestNnet)
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.compile.tests.test_mode.test_no_output_from_implace
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.compile.tests.test_monitormode.test_not_inplace
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.compile.tests.test_nanguardmode.test_NanGuardMode
======================================================================
ERROR: test_input_aliasing_affecting_inplace_operations (theano.compile.tests.test_pfunc.Test_aliasing_rules)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_partial_input_aliasing_affecting_inplace_operations (theano.compile.tests.test_pfunc.Test_aliasing_rules)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_profiling (theano.compile.tests.test_profiling.Test_profiling)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_constant (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_ndarray (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_scan_err2 (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_shared (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_string_var (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_variable_only (theano.gof.tests.test_compute_test_value.TestComputeTestValue)
======================================================================
ERROR: test_node_outputs_not_used (theano.gof.tests.test_fg.TFunctionGraph)
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.gof.tests.test_link.test_sort_schedule_fn
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.gof.tests.test_vm.test_partial_function
======================================================================
ERROR: Demonstrate stochastic gradient descent optimization for a multilayer
======================================================================
ERROR: theano.tensor.tests.test_misc.test_bug_2009_07_17_borrowed_output
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 413 tests in 32.590sFAILED (SKIP=15, errors=101)
<nose.result.TextTestResult run=413 errors=101 failures=0>
我的确出现了这么一大堆错误，但是我也没看到default=0字样。
未完待续。。。
3.如果用高于3.5.X的python环境进行安装， theano.test()时会出现以下错误，并附带解决办法：
这是之前在Python 3.8环境中进行安装时发生的错误：
(theano) C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.8.11 (default, Aug 6 2021, 09:57:55) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import theano
>>> theano.test()
Traceback (most recent call last):File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano\lib\site-packages\theano\__init__.py", line 148, in testraise ImportError("The nose module is not installed."
ImportError: The nose module is not installed. It is needed for Theano tests.
test（）出错了：提示nose模块没有安装。
错误解决方法：
不慌，首先我们来看看我们安装nose了没：
用pip list和conda list查看了一下，列表里都显示已安装nose 1.3.7。而且在python里单独import nose没出错：
(theano) C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.8.11 (default, Aug 6 2021, 09:57:55) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import nose
>>> nose
<module 'nose' from 'C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\envs\\theano\\lib\\site-packages\\nose\\__init__.py'>
>>> result=nose.run()----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 0 tests in 0.069sOK
所以我不由得怀疑：可能nose 1.3.7和当前的python环境3.8.11不兼容？？？
- 所以我先尝试升级nose包：
conda update nose，升级完之后仍然是1.3.7版本。升级nose行不通。 - 既然nose升不了，那就降级python吧：Currently, Theano Release 1.0 only supports >=3.4 and < 3.6. If your Python version is higher than 3.5.X, try downgrading and then re-run the Theano test. Do let everyone know if that works.
重新安装一个3.5.X版本的python，就是重复之前的步骤就好。 - 再去test()，发现错误：没有nose模块。解决：安装nose模块。
(keras) C:\Users\huipu>python
Python 3.5.6 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Aug 26 2018, 16:05:27) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import theano
>>> theano.test()
Traceback (most recent call last):File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\theano_2\lib\site-packages\theano\tests\main.py", line 107, in testfrom nose.config import Config
ImportError: No module named 'nose'
#安装nose模块
conda install nose
装好之后，再去test（），会发现之前的ImportError: The nose module is not installed. It is needed for Theano tests.这个错误消失了！！！
说明降级python是有效的。不能用太高版本的python安装theano。
参考链接
WARNING (theano.tensor.blas): Using NumPy C-API based implementation for BLAS functions.
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