subprocess.run(['df','-h'],stderr=subprocess.PIPE,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,check=True)
#check=True代表，如果命令出现错误，程序会抛出异常

subprocess.run('df -h|grep disk1',shell=True) #shell=True的意思是这条命令直接交给系统去执行，不需要python负责解析

#执行命令，返回命令执行状态 ， 0 or 非0
>>> retcode = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"])#执行命令，如果命令结果为0，就正常返回，否则抛异常
>>> subprocess.check_call(["ls", "-l"])
0#接收字符串格式命令，返回元组形式，第1个元素是执行状态，第2个是命令结果
>>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('ls /bin/ls')
(0, '/bin/ls')#接收字符串格式命令，并返回结果
>>> subprocess.getoutput('ls /bin/ls')
'/bin/ls'#执行命令，并返回结果，注意是返回结果，不是打印，下例结果返回给res
>>> res=subprocess.check_output(['ls','-l'])
>>> res
b'total 0\ndrwxr-xr-x 12 alex staff 408 Nov 2 11:05 OldBoyCRM\n'

a=subprocess.run('sleep 10',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
a=subprocess.Popen('sleep 10',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

poll()Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncodewait()Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.terminate()终止所启动的进程Terminate the process with SIGTERMkill() 杀死所启动的进程 Kill the process with SIGKILL
send_signal(signal.xxx)发送系统信号pid 拿到所启动进程的进程号

>>> a=subprocess.Popen('sleep 10',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
>>> a.poll()
>>> a.poll()
>>> a.poll()
0

>>> a = subprocess.Popen('for i in $(seq 1 100);do sleep 1;echo $i >> /tmp/sleep.log;done',shell=True, cwd='/tmp',stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
>>> a.terminate()
>>> 

>>> def sayhi():
...     print('haha')
...
>>> a = subprocess.Popen('sleep 5',shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,preexec_fn=sayhi)
>>> a.stdout
<_io.BufferedReader name=3>
>>> a.stdout.read()
b'haha\n'
>>> a.pid
2070

import subprocess
from utils import unicode_utils
# 执行cmd或shell命令#
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPooldef cmd_exec(cmd):"""执行shell命令返回命令返回值和结果:param cmd::return:"""p = subprocess.Popen(cmd,shell=True,stdin=subprocess.PIPE,stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE)stdout, stderr = p.communicate()#从PIPE中读取出PIPE中的文本,放入内存if p.returncode != 0:return {'code':p.returncode, 'res':unicode_utils.to_str(stderr)}return {'code':p.returncode, 'res':unicode_utils.to_str(stdout)}if __name__ == '__main__':passcmd_list =[]cmd_list.append('df -h')cmd_list.append('ps -ef|grep jav1a|grep -v grep')cmd_list.append('ps -ef|grep "pol"')cmd_list.append('sh /root/ops/sum.sh')# print(cmd_exec(cmd))# Make the Pool of workerspool = ThreadPool(4)# Open the urls in their own threads# and return the resultsresults = pool.map(cmd_exec, cmd_list)# close the pool and wait for the work to finishprint(results)pool.close()pool.join()**************************************
unicode_utils:def to_str(bytes_or_str):"""把byte类型转换为str:param bytes_or_str::return:"""if isinstance(bytes_or_str, bytes):value = bytes_or_str.decode('utf-8')else:value = bytes_or_strreturn value