function Base(name) {// 基对象构造函数实例成员this.name = name;
};
// 基对象原型中的实例成员
Base.prototype.showName = function() {alert(this.name);
};
// 子对象的构造函数
function Derived(name, age) {// 关键点1：获取基对象构造函数中的成员Base.call(this, name);// 定义子对象自己的成员this.age = age;
};
// 关键点2：获取基对象原型上的成员
Derived.prototype = new Base();
// 关键点3：将子对象的原型的构造函数属性设回正确的值
// 这样可以防止new对象的挂接对象出错
Derived.prototype.constructor = Derived;
// 扩展子类自己的原型成员
Derived.prototype.showAge = function() {alert(this.age);
};var d = new Derived('Frank', 10);
d.showName();
d.showAge();
// 验证继承关系
alert(d instanceof Base);

// 利用空对象来挂接原型链
function extend(Child, Parent) {var F = function(){};F.prototype = Parent.prototype;Child.prototype = new F();Child.prototype.constructor = Child;
}function Base(name) {this.name = name;
};Base.prototype.showName = function() {alert(this.name);
};function Derived(name, age) {Base.call(this, name);this.age = age;
};
// 挂接原型链
extend(Derived, Base);
Derived.prototype.showAge = function() {alert(this.age);
};var d = new Derived('Frank', 10);
d.showName();
d.showAge();
alert(d instanceof Base);

// 浅拷贝实现
function extendCopy(p) {var c = {};for (var i in p) { c[i] = p[i];}return c;
}
// 深拷贝实现，最为安全
function deepCopy(p, c) {var c = c || {};for (var i in p) {if (typeof p[i] === 'object') {c[i] = (p[i].constructor === Array) ? [] : {};deepCopy(p[i], c[i]);} else {c[i] = p[i];}}return c;}
// 基对象
var Base = {name: 'Frank',showName: function() {alert(this.name);}
}
// 拷贝基对象的成员
var Derived = extendCopy(Base);
// 扩展子对象自己的成员
Derived.age = 10;
Derived.showAge = function() {alert(this.age);
};
// 测试基对象的成员
Derived.showName();

alert(Derived instanceof Base);

var tank = {run : function () {alert('tank run');}
};var person = {run : function () {alert('person run');}
};
// 针对接口(run方法)的对象编程
function trigger(target) {target.run();
}trigger(tank);
trigger(person);