python操作mongodb

连接mongodb

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from pymongo import MongoClient

conn = MongoClient('192.168.0.113', 27017)

#连接mydb数据库,账号密码认证

db = conn.mydb #连接mydb数据库，没有则自动创建

db.authenticate("account", "password")

my_set = db.test_set　　#使用test_set集合，没有则自动创建

插入数据(insert插入一个列表多条数据不用遍历，效率高， save需要遍历列表，一个个插入)

my_set.insert({"name":"zhangsan","age":18})

#或

my_set.save({"name":"zhangsan","age":18})

插入多条

添加多条数据到集合中

users=[{"name":"zhangsan","age":18},{"name":"lisi","age":20}]

my_set.insert(users)

#或

my_set.save(users)

查询数据(查询不到则返回None)

查询全部:

for i in my_set.find():

print(i)

查询name=zhangsan的:

for i in my_set.find({"name":"zhangsan"}):

print(i)

print(my_set.find_one({"name":"zhangsan"}))

更新数据

my_set.update(

, #查询条件

, #update的对象和一些更新的操作符

{

upsert: , #如果不存在update的记录，是否插入

multi: , #可选，mongodb 默认是false,只更新找到的第一条记录

writeConcern: #可选，抛出异常的级别。

}

)

把上面插入的数据内的age改为20

my_set.update({"name":"zhangsan"},{'$set':{"age":20}})

删除数据

my_set.remove(

, #(可选)删除的文档的条件

{

justOne: , #(可选)如果设为 true 或 1，则只删除一个文档

writeConcern: #(可选)抛出异常的级别

}

)

#删除name=lisi的全部记录

my_set.remove({'name': 'zhangsan'})

#删除name=lisi的某个id的记录

id = my_set.find_one({"name":"zhangsan"})["_id"]

my_set.remove(id)

#删除集合里的所有记录

db.users.remove()

mongodb的条件操作符

# (>) 大于 - $gt

# (

# (>=) 大于等于 - $gte

# (<= ) 小于等于 - $lte

例：查询集合中age大于25的所有记录

for i in my_set.find({"age":{"$gt":25}}):

print(i)

type(判断类型)

#找出name的类型是String的

for i in my_set.find({'name':{'$type':2}}):

print(i)

类型队对照列表

View Code

排序

在MongoDB中使用sort()方法对数据进行排序，sort()方法可以通过参数指定排序的字段，并使用 1 和 -1 来指定排序的方式，其中 1 为升序，-1为降序。

for i in my_set.find().sort([("age",1)]):

print(i)

limit和skip

limit()方法用来读取指定数量的数据

skip()方法用来跳过指定数量的数据

下面表示跳过两条数据后读取6条

for i in my_set.find().skip(2).limit(6):

print(i)

IN

找出age是20、30、35的数据

for i in my_set.find({"age":{"$in":(20,30,35)}}):

print(i)

OR

找出age是20或35的记录

for i in my_set.find({"$or":[{"age":20},{"age":35}]}):

print(i)

all

'''

dic = {"name":"lisi","age":18,"li":[1,2,3]}

dic2 = {"name":"zhangsan","age":18,"li":[1,2,3,4,5,6]}

my_set.insert(dic)

my_set.insert(dic2)'''

for i in my_set.find({'li':{'$all':[1,2,3,4]}}):

print(i)

#查看是否包含全部条件

输出：{'_id': ObjectId('58c503b94fc9d44624f7b108'), 'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 18, 'li': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]}

push/pushAll

my_set.update({'name':"lisi"}, {'$push':{'li':4}})

for i in my_set.find({'name':"lisi"}):

print(i)

输出：{'li': [1, 2, 3, 4], '_id': ObjectId('58c50d784fc9d44ad8f2e803'), 'age': 18, 'name': 'lisi'}

my_set.update({'name':"lisi"}, {'$pushAll':{'li':[4,5]}})

for i in my_set.find({'name':"lisi"}):

print(i)

输出：{'li': [1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5], 'name': 'lisi', 'age': 18, '_id': ObjectId('58c50d784fc9d44ad8f2e803')}

pop/pull/pullAll

pop

移除最后一个元素(-1为移除第一个)

my_set.update({'name':"lisi"}, {'$pop':{'li':1}})

for i in my_set.find({'name':"lisi"}):

print(i)

输出：{'_id': ObjectId('58c50d784fc9d44ad8f2e803'), 'age': 18, 'name': 'lisi', 'li': [1, 2, 3, 4, 4]}

pull (按值移除)

移除3

my_set.update({'name':"lisi"}, {'$pop':{'li':3}})

pullAll (移除全部符合条件的)

my_set.update({'name':"lisi"}, {'$pullAll':{'li':[1,2,3]}})

for i in my_set.find({'name':"lisi"}):

print(i)

输出：{'name': 'lisi', '_id': ObjectId('58c50d784fc9d44ad8f2e803'), 'li': [4, 4], 'age': 18}

多级路径元素操作

先插入一条数据

dic = {"name":"zhangsan",

"age":18,

"contact" : {

"email" : "1234567@qq.com",

"iphone" : "11223344"}

}

my_set.insert(dic)

多级目录用. 连接

for i in my_set.find({"contact.iphone":"11223344"}):

print(i)

输出：{'name': 'zhangsan', '_id': ObjectId('58c4f99c4fc9d42e0022c3b6'), 'age': 18, 'contact': {'email': '1234567@qq.com', 'iphone': '11223344'}}

result = my_set.find_one({"contact.iphone":"11223344"})

print(result["contact"]["email"])

输出：1234567@qq.com

多级路径下修改操作

result = my_set.update({"contact.iphone":"11223344"},{"$set":{"contact.email":"9999999@qq.com"}})

result1 = my_set.find_one({"contact.iphone":"11223344"})

print(result1["contact"]["email"])

#输出：9999999@qq.com

还可以对数组用索引操作

dic = {"name":"lisi",

"age":18,

"contact" : [

{

"email" : "111111@qq.com",

"iphone" : "111"},

{

"email" : "222222@qq.com",

"iphone" : "222"}

]}

my_set.insert(dic)

查询

result1 = my_set.find_one({"contact.1.iphone":"222"})

print(result1)

#输出：{'age': 18, '_id': ObjectId('58c4ff574fc9d43844423db2'), 'name': 'lisi', 'contact': [{'iphone': '111', 'email': '111111@qq.com'}, {'iphone': '222', 'email': '222222@qq.com'}]}

修改

result = my_set.update({"contact.1.iphone":"222"},{"$set":{"contact.1.email":"222222@qq.com"}})

print(result1["contact"][1]["email"])

输出：222222@qq.com

实例:

#!/usr/bin/python2

#coding=utf8

from pymongo import MongoClient

settings = {

"ip":'192.168.0.113',

"port":27017,

"db_name" : "inkscope",

"set_name" : "disk"

}

class MyMongoDB(object):

def __init__(self):

try:

self.conn = MongoClient(settings["ip"], settings["port"])

except Exception as e:

print(e)

self.db = self.conn[settings["db_name"]]

self.my_set = self.db[settings["set_name"]]

def insert(self,dic):

print("inser...")

self.my_set.insert(dic)

def update(self,dic,newdic):

print("update...")

self.my_set.update(dic,newdic)

def delete(self,dic):

print("delete...")

self.my_set.remove(dic)

def dbfind(self,dic):

print("find...")

data = self.my_set.find(dic)

for result in data:

print(result["name"],result["age"])

def dbfindall(self):

findall = list()

for i in self.my_set.find():

findall.append(i)

return findall

def main():

dic={"name":"zhangsan","age":18}

mongo = MyMongoDB()

mongo.insert(dic)

mongo.dbfind({"name":"zhangsan"})

mongo.update({"name":"zhangsan"},{"$set":{"age":"25"}})

mongo.dbfind({"name":"zhangsan"})

mongo.delete({"name":"zhangsan"})

mongo.dbfind({"name":"zhangsan"})

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

安装python中MongoDB的库:

pip install pymongo

然后确保MongoDB已经安装且可以正常运行，去官网下载相应版本：https://www.mongodb.com/

#mongo

MongoDB shell version v3.4.2

connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017

MongoDB server version: 3.4.2

Welcome to the MongoDB shell.

.....................

使用用户 admin 使用密码 123456 连接到本地的 MongoDB 服务上

> mongodb://admin:123456@localhost/

创建数据库(如果数据库不存在，则创建数据库，否则切换到指定数据库)

> use test

switched to db test

> db

test

> show dbs #查看所有数据库

admin 0.000GB

local 0.000GB