1 #include <iostream>
 2
 3 /* run this program using the console pauser or add your own getch, system("pause") or input loop */
 4 using namespace std;
 5 //声明引用参数的函数模板原型
 6 template <class T> void swap(T &x, T &y);
 7
 8 //定义一个结构类型
 9 struct student {
10     int n;
11     char name[20];
12     float grade;
13 };
14
15
16 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
17         //交换两个int型变量中的数据
18     int m=3,n=5;
19     cout<<"m="<<m<<"  n="<<n<<endl;
20     swap(m,n);
21     cout<<"m="<<m<<"  n="<<n<<endl;
22     cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
23
24     //交换两个double型变量中的数据
25     double x=3.5,y=5.7;
26     cout<<"x="<<x<<"  y="<<y<<endl;
27     swap(x,y);
28     cout<<"x="<<x<<"  y="<<y<<endl;
29     cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
30
31     //交换两个char型变量中的数据
32     char c1='A',c2='a';
33     cout<<"c1="<<c1<<"  c2="<<c2<<endl;
34     swap(c1,c2);
35     cout<<"c1="<<c1<<"  c2="<<c2<<endl;
36     cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
37
38     //交换两个结构变量中的数据
39     student s1={1001,"ZhangHua",90};
40     student s2={1011,"LiWei",95.5};
41     cout<<"s1:  ";
42     cout<<s1.n<<"  "<<s1.name<<"  "<<s1.grade<<endl;
43     cout<<"s2:  ";
44     cout<<s2.n<<"  "<<s2.name<<"  "<<s2.grade<<endl;
45     swap(s1,s2);
46     cout<<"swap(s1,s2):"<<endl;
47     cout<<"s1:  ";
48     cout<<s1.n<<"  "<<s1.name<<"  "<<s1.grade<<endl;
49     cout<<"s2:  ";
50     cout<<s2.n<<"  "<<s2.name<<"  "<<s2.grade<<endl;
51     return 0;
52 }
53
54 //定义名为swap的函数模板用于交换两个变量中的数据
55 template <class T> void swap(T &x, T &y)
56 {
57     T temp;
58     temp=x;
59     x=y;
60     y=temp;
61 }