Kubernetes 入门：运行不同类型的 Job

本文以 Mongo 数据备份为例，演示在 Kubernetes 集群中运行 Job，以及相关命令和概念。

部署 MongoDB

1、创建 Mongo 部署文件 mongo.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mongo
spec:selector:app: mongoports:- port: 27017type: NodePort
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:name: mongo-pv-claimlabels:app: mongo
spec:accessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 10Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: mongolabels:app: mongo
spec:replicas: 1template:metadata:name: mongolabels:app: mongospec:containers:- name: mongoimage: registry.docker-cn.com/library/mongoimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresentports:- containerPort: 27017name: mongovolumeMounts:- name: mongo-persistent-storagemountPath: /data/dbrestartPolicy: Alwaysvolumes:- name: mongo-persistent-storagepersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: mongo-pv-claimselector:matchLabels:app: mongo

2、部署 Mongo

kubectl create -f mongo.yaml

3、在 Dashboard 中查看 Mongo 服务相关信息，访问 http://192.168.99.100:30000 ，一般为 Minikube VM IP(192.168.99.100) + Port (30000)

Mongo 持久化卷

Mongo Pod

部署 MongoDB 数据备份任务

1、创建备份任务的配置文件 backup.yaml

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:name: mongo-backup
spec:template:spec:containers:- name: mongo-backupimage: registry.docker-cn.com/library/busyboxcommand: ["tar", "cvf", "/backup/backup.tar", "/data/db"]volumeMounts:- mountPath: /backupname: mongo-backup-persistent-storage- mountPath: /data/dbname: mongo-persistent-storagerestartPolicy: Nevervolumes:- name: mongo-backup-persistent-storagehostPath:path: /tmp/mongo- name: mongo-persistent-storagepersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: mongo-pv-claimbackoffLimit: 4

其中用到了 2 个数据卷，mongo-backup-persistent-storage 绑定主机的 /tmp/mongo 路径， mongo-persistent-storage 对应 MongoDB 的数据卷，并同时挂载到 busybox 容器，这样就能将 MongoDB 的数据备份到 /tmp/mongo 目录下。

2、启动备份 Job

kubectl create -f backup.yaml

3、查看 Job 执行情况

4、确认备份文件存在，在 Minikube VM 中查看 /tmp/mongo 文件

移除备份任务

直接在 Dashboard 面板上删除任务，包括任务和容器组。

创建 Cron 任务

1、每分钟备份一次 MongoDB 数据 backup-cron.yaml

apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:name: mongo-backup-cron
spec:schedule: "*/1 * * * *"jobTemplate:spec:template:spec:containers:- name: mongo-backupimage: registry.docker-cn.com/library/busyboxcommand:- /bin/sh- -c- tar cvf /backup/mongo-data.tar /data/dbvolumeMounts:- mountPath: /backupname: mongo-backup-persistent-storage- mountPath: /data/dbname: mongo-persistent-storagerestartPolicy: Nevervolumes:- name: mongo-backup-persistent-storagehostPath:path: /tmp/mongo- name: mongo-persistent-storagepersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: mongo-pv-claim

2、启动 Cron 任务

kubectl create -f backup-cron.yaml

3、查看任务调度

作者：Anoyi
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/061d486e5ed5 來源：简书
简书著作权归作者所有，任何形式的转载都请联系作者获得授权并注明出处。