hot backup

--**********************************

-- 1、环境确认 归档模式、路径、文件

--**********************************

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/tools/ko16_arch' scope =both;

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5368709102;

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            /tools/ko16_arch

Oldest online log sequence     54

Next log sequence to archive   56

Current log sequence           56

set lines 200

col file_name format a50

select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME                FILE_NAME

------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------

SYSTEM                         /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/system01.dbf

SYSAUX                         /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/sysaux01.dbf

UNDOTBS1                       /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/undotbs01.dbf

USERS                          /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf

2、准备测试数据

conn scott/tiger

insert into t1 values(1,sysdate);

commit;

alter system switch logfile;

insert into t1 values(2,sysdate);

commit;

alter system switch logfile;

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            /tools/ko16_arch

Oldest online log sequence     56

Next log sequence to archive   58

Current log sequence           58

[oracle@dg1 ko16_arch]$ ll

total 988

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   4096 Mar 13 11:47 1_55_841493987.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 987136 Mar 13 12:10 1_56_841493987.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  16384 Mar 13 12:12 1_57_841493987.dbf

3、开始备份

alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;

!cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/system01.dbf /tools/ora_bak/0313

alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;

alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;

!cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/sysaux01.dbf  /tools/ora_bak/0313

alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;

alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;

!cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/undotbs01.dbf  /tools/ora_bak/0313

alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;

alter tablespace USERS begin backup;

insert into scott.t1 values(3,sysdate);

commit;

alter system switch logfile;

insert into scott.t1 values(4,sysdate);

commit;

alter system switch logfile;

!cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf  /tools/ora_bak/0313

alter tablespace USERS end backup;

insert into scott.t1 values(5,sysdate);

insert into scott.t1 values(6,sysdate);

commit;

alter system switch logfile;

4、模拟数据损坏

rm -rf users01.dbf

将归档文件cp到磁带

shutdown abort

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  521936896 bytes

Fixed Size                  2214936 bytes

Variable Size             364905448 bytes

Database Buffers          150994944 bytes

Redo Buffers                3821568 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 4: '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf'

5、恢复

alter database datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf' offline ;

alter database open;

通知backup组将从磁带中恢复/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf及备份期间的归档日志

SQL> recover datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf';

ORA-00279: change 846808 generated at 03/13/2014 12:29:09 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /tools/ko16_arch/1_58_841493987.dbf

ORA-00280: change 846808 for thread 1 is in sequence #58

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

ORA-00279: change 846816 generated at 03/13/2014 12:29:09 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /tools/ko16_arch/1_59_841493987.dbf

ORA-00280: change 846816 for thread 1 is in sequence #59

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

alter database datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ko16/users01.dbf' online ;

select * from scott.t1;

NO CDATE

---------- -------------------

1 2014-03-13 12:07:53

2 2014-03-13 12:12:03

3 2014-03-13 12:29:32

4 2014-03-13 12:29:48

5 2014-03-13 12:31:24

6 2014-03-13 12:31:24

6 rows selected.