1.Docker登入docker hub账号，（Docker hub上申请的账号即可）

[root@www ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: ******
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded

2.搜索镜像库中的镜像；

[root@www ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
nginx                                                  Official build of Nginx.                        10250               [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy                                    Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   1462                                    [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm                                Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   647                                     [OK]
jrcs/letsencrypt-nginx-proxy-companion                 LetsEncrypt container to use with nginx as p…   438                                     [OK]
kong                                                   Open-source Microservice & API Management la…   247                 [OK]
webdevops/php-nginx                                    Nginx with PHP-FPM                              117                                     [OK]
kitematic/hello-world-nginx                            A light-weight nginx container that demonstr…   112
zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql                          Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server wi…   75                                      [OK]
bitnami/nginx                                          Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      58                                      [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5   ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5          47                                      [OK]
linuxserver/nginx                                      An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   43
tobi312/rpi-nginx                                      NGINX on Raspberry Pi / armhf                   23                                      [OK]
blacklabelops/nginx                                    Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server.          12                                      [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress                                    NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes         12
wodby/drupal-nginx                                     Nginx for Drupal container image                11                                      [OK]
centos/nginx-18-centos7                                Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   8
nginxdemos/hello                                       NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   8                                       [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7                               Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   5
1science/nginx                                         Nginx Docker images that include Consul Temp…   4                                       [OK]
travix/nginx                                           NGinx reverse proxy                             2                                       [OK]
pebbletech/nginx-proxy                                 nginx-proxy sets up a container running ngin…   2                                       [OK]
mailu/nginx                                            Mailu nginx frontend                            2                                       [OK]
toccoag/openshift-nginx                                Nginx reverse proxy for Nice running on same…   1                                       [OK]
wodby/nginx                                            Generic nginx                                   0                                       [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb                        An APB to deploy NGINX                          0                                       [OK]

3.docker拉取存在docker hub上的镜像至本地（下载Docker hub上的镜像）；

[root@www ~]# docker pull httpd:2.4.37-alpine
2.4.37-alpine: Pulling from library/httpd
4fe2ade4980c: Already exists
42101a4e4c4e: Pull complete
73eadb9961ff: Pull complete
830983fb5ec2: Pull complete
78fb51bbfc27: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b875793145fe613aa2d1f73f1cd8ec09b775abcd6980024bc60a6a9c73d644fc
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:2.4.37-alpine
[root@www ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
httpd               2.4.37-alpine       11fc0c2a2dfa        4 days ago          91.8MB
nginx               1.14-alpine         77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB
ljymyy/nginx        latest              77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB

4.基于容器制作镜像

[root@www ~]# docker container  run --name httpd1 httpd:2.4.37-alpine
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Tue Nov 20 09:19:04.710155 2018] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140394175941512] AH00489: Apache/2.4.37 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Tue Nov 20 09:19:04.719195 2018] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140394175941512] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'

[root@www ~]# docker exec -it httpd1 /bin/sh
/usr/local/apache2 #
/usr/local/apache2 # vi htdocs/index.html
/usr/local/apache2 # exit
[root@www ~]# docker commit httpd1 ljymyy/httpd:private
sha256:0c28c4522c128a7dca17c26d2fd8eee4e57642b455c067832d5567da1128da5e
[root@www ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ljymyy/httpd        private             0c28c4522c12        6 seconds ago       91.8MB
httpd               2.4.37-alpine       11fc0c2a2dfa        4 days ago          91.8MB
nginx               1.14-alpine         77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB
ljymyy/nginx        latest              77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB[root@www ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>test successful

测试：

[root@www ~]# docker run --name httpd2 --rm ljymyy/httpd:private
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.3. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.3. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Tue Nov 20 09:39:27.805890 2018] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140674896550792] AH00489: Apache/2.4.37 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Tue Nov 20 09:39:27.806444 2018] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140674896550792] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'
172.17.0.1 - - [20/Nov/2018:09:39:39 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 63[root@www ~]# curl 172.17.0.3
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>test successful

5.为镜像打标签；（IMAGE ID为相同的）

[root@www ~]# docker tag ljymyy/httpd:private ljymyy/httpd:v2.0
[root@www ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ljymyy/httpd        private             0c28c4522c12        5 minutes ago       91.8MB
ljymyy/httpd        v2.0                0c28c4522c12        5 minutes ago       91.8MB
httpd               2.4.37-alpine       11fc0c2a2dfa        4 days ago          91.8MB
ljymyy/nginx        latest              77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB
nginx               1.14-alpine         77bae8d00654        13 days ago         17.7MB

6.将本地镜像上传至docker hub库中；

在docker hub上的dashboard中创建一个个人的Repository；创建相对应的namespace和repository name；例如：ljymyy/httpd

[root@www ~]# docker push ljymyy/httpd:v2.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/ljymyy/httpd]
9dd07a03f263: Layer already exists
86503dd49098: Layer already exists
9caa02067460: Layer already exists
05f824de9453: Layer already exists
7df053e22514: Layer already exists
df64d3292fd6: Layer already exists
v2.0: digest: sha256:5b3aea8b8ed49fc642f46282c8bfeabf023fcbde0635341401a37ba0778af2a3 size: 1569

7.将镜像导入至文件中和导出文件中的镜像至本地；

[root@www ~]# docker save  -o test.file nginx:1.14-alpine
[root@www ~]# docker load -q -i test.file
Loaded image: nginx:1.14-alpine

8.显示容器的详细信息；

[root@www ~]# docker container  ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND              CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
6246bc53550b        httpd:2.4.37-alpine   "httpd-foreground"   3 hours ago         Up 18 seconds       80/tcp              httpd1
[root@www ~]# docker inspect httpd1
[{"Id": "6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01","Created": "2018-11-20T09:18:58.780749029Z","Path": "httpd-foreground","Args": [],"State": {"Status": "running","Running": true,"Paused": false,"Restarting": false,"OOMKilled": false,"Dead": false,"Pid": 67850,"ExitCode": 0,"Error": "","StartedAt": "2018-11-20T11:50:26.409306755Z","FinishedAt": "2018-11-20T09:40:54.02714799Z"},"Image": "sha256:11fc0c2a2dfa90eb5804742e5b0927c9cacc3664ffde7839dcc6f39e6fd44fcb","ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01/resolv.conf","HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01/hostname","HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01/hosts","LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01/6246bc53550bcfa1149f9f51b48a5b992969d3e2eb50df457cb0f06589102a01-json.log","Name": "/httpd1","RestartCount": 0,"Driver": "overlay2","Platform": "linux","MountLabel": "","ProcessLabel": "","AppArmorProfile": "","ExecIDs": null,"HostConfig": {"Binds": null,"ContainerIDFile": "","LogConfig": {"Type": "json-file","Config": {}},"NetworkMode": "default","PortBindings": {},"RestartPolicy": {"Name": "no","MaximumRetryCount": 0},"AutoRemove": false,"VolumeDriver": "","VolumesFrom": null,"CapAdd": null,"CapDrop": null,"Dns": [],"DnsOptions": [],"DnsSearch": [],"ExtraHosts": null,"GroupAdd": null,"IpcMode": "shareable","Cgroup": "","Links": null,"OomScoreAdj": 0,"PidMode": "","Privileged": false,"PublishAllPorts": false,"ReadonlyRootfs": false,"SecurityOpt": null,"UTSMode": "","UsernsMode": "","ShmSize": 67108864,"Runtime": "runc","ConsoleSize": [0,0],"Isolation": "","CpuShares": 0,"Memory": 0,"NanoCpus": 0,"CgroupParent": "","BlkioWeight": 0,"BlkioWeightDevice": [],"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,"CpuPeriod": 0,"CpuQuota": 0,"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,"CpusetCpus": "","CpusetMems": "","Devices": [],"DeviceCgroupRules": null,"DiskQuota": 0,"KernelMemory": 0,"MemoryReservation": 0,"MemorySwap": 0,"MemorySwappiness": null,"OomKillDisable": false,"PidsLimit": 0,"Ulimits": null,"CpuCount": 0,"CpuPercent": 0,"IOMaximumIOps": 0,"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,"MaskedPaths": ["/proc/acpi","/proc/kcore","/proc/keys","/proc/latency_stats","/proc/timer_list","/proc/timer_stats","/proc/sched_debug","/proc/scsi","/sys/firmware"],"ReadonlyPaths": ["/proc/asound","/proc/bus","/proc/fs","/proc/irq","/proc/sys","/proc/sysrq-trigger"]},"GraphDriver": {"Data": {"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/02719a1efc3bd4ced5a4692b75468dd4d2d55fa254869cbc26d9487ebea1c5ea-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0403b4e021b6fb5d30d752fa1f8d0dbe7e5b5fae974ddcc3acc8c32fe49e51f8/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7e600ef93457c34d8423b1fa59037800b630f992ca26b0289106f4bb4edbbda8/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/56de63abd81931dc78929016b95e51e3d74f4702d90af28590b31ad44bd9335e/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9efe9a470ec8834a8605274fa2b156015bc703c790b429ac13fdd10f19693ccd/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2cd347e2a7d82ceeb12f18b279dda0fa0853f13ab3149aa0787f3f7c685ba622/diff","MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/02719a1efc3bd4ced5a4692b75468dd4d2d55fa254869cbc26d9487ebea1c5ea/merged","UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/02719a1efc3bd4ced5a4692b75468dd4d2d55fa254869cbc26d9487ebea1c5ea/diff","WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/02719a1efc3bd4ced5a4692b75468dd4d2d55fa254869cbc26d9487ebea1c5ea/work"},"Name": "overlay2"},"Mounts": [],"Config": {"Hostname": "6246bc53550b","Domainname": "","User": "","AttachStdin": true,"AttachStdout": true,"AttachStderr": true,"ExposedPorts": {"80/tcp": {}},"Tty": true,"OpenStdin": true,"StdinOnce": true,"Env": ["PATH=/usr/local/apache2/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin","HTTPD_PREFIX=/usr/local/apache2","HTTPD_VERSION=2.4.37","HTTPD_SHA256=3498dc5c6772fac2eb7307dc7963122ffe243b5e806e0be4fb51974ff759d726","HTTPD_PATCHES=","APACHE_DIST_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename= \thttps://www-us.apache.org/dist/ \thttps://www.apache.org/dist/ \thttps://archive.apache.org/dist/"],"Cmd": ["httpd-foreground"],"ArgsEscaped": true,"Image": "httpd:2.4.37-alpine","Volumes": null,"WorkingDir": "/usr/local/apache2","Entrypoint": null,"OnBuild": null,"Labels": {}},"NetworkSettings": {"Bridge": "","SandboxID": "948daf1d078778001fa043b74a10733c11e215be3a8b457b16a47d8b46f087aa","HairpinMode": false,"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "","LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"Ports": {"80/tcp": null},"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/948daf1d0787","SecondaryIPAddresses": null,"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,"EndpointID": "a591d3f3fbf35606173c7f121a3e23503d075473d256cae6c55933cf91815172","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","Networks": {"bridge": {"IPAMConfig": null,"Links": null,"Aliases": null,"NetworkID": "6714eb554a2843bd0582a3e7d63b09b175c5351c100aab08b1a051bc8187cb5c","EndpointID": "a591d3f3fbf35606173c7f121a3e23503d075473d256cae6c55933cf91815172","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","DriverOpts": null}}}}
]