The world of software development has evidenced drastic changes in the development platforms and programming languages since 2010. A huge support for the mobile development community has been provided by the pioneer tech companies such as Google, Apple etc.

自2010年以来，软件开发领域已证明开发平台和编程语言发生了翻天覆地的变化。先锋技术公司(例如Google，Apple等)为移动开发社区提供了巨大的支持。

Demands of modern developers gave rise to the more powerful and more advanced high level programming languages like Kotlin and Swift. Every modern programming language tried to satisfy the requirements of developer in order to produce much faster, reliable and flexible software systems.

现代开发人员的需求催生了更强大，更高级的高级编程语言，例如Kotlin和Swift。 每种现代编程语言都试图满足开发人员的需求，以便生产出更快，更可靠和更灵活的软件系统。

Hence, the languages offer lots of similarities wrapped up in different flavours. As Iphones and Android smartphones has covered majority of the market. Kotlin (Android) and Swift (IOS) became the two highlights in the world of mobile development.

因此，这些语言提供了许多相似之处，并包含了不同的风味。 由于Iphones和Android智能手机已经覆盖了大部分市场。 Kotlin(Android)和Swift(IOS)成为移动开发领域的两个亮点。

Lets talk about how close the two famous programming languages are in design and detail.

让我们谈谈两种著名的编程语言在设计和细节上的接近程度。

可变分配 (VARIABLE ASSIGNMENT)

Both of them resembles each other in syntax. Swift uses let to initialize constants where as Kotlin uses val for the same purpose.

两者在语法上相似。 Swift使用let来初始化常量，就像Kotlin使用val一样。

条件声明 (CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS)

Conditional statements were introduced by E.W. Drijkistra as he felt the need to replace the classic go-to statement making the control flow much more readable. There after languages like C/C++ revolutionised the conditional statements. Now, Swift and Kotlin has offered much more simpler syntax.

EW Drijkistra提出了条件语句，因为他认为有必要替换经典的 语句使控件流更具可读性。 之后，诸如C / C ++之类的语言彻底改变了条件语句。 现在，Swift和Kotlin提供了更简单的语法。

如果别的 (IF-ELSE)

Unlike Kotlin, Swift offer intelligent syntax but allowing developers to eliminate the need to write Enum name while accessing its type.

与Kotlin不同，Swift提供了智能语法，但允许开发人员在访问Enum名称时无需编写Enum名称。

开关盒 (SWITCH- CASE)

But on the other hand, Kotlin succeeds in offering conditional expression which can be very handy in reducing LOC (lines of code) and make code much more compact.

但是另一方面，Kotlin成功地提供了条件表达式，这在减少LOC(代码行)并使代码更加紧凑方面非常有用。

功能 (FUNCTIONS)

Degree of ease to write functions in any language gives you an idea of extent of simplicity of syntax. Both of the languages provide similar syntax for defining functions.

使用任何语言编写函数的容易程度使您对语法的简单程度有所了解。 两种语言都提供了用于定义函数的相似语法。

Unlike Java or C, functions in Kotlin and Swift are considered as first level citizens ie. they can be passed as an argument and can be returned from a block of code.

与Java或C不同，Kotlin和Swift中的函数被视为第一级公民。 它们可以作为参数传递，也可以从代码块中返回。

空安全操作员 (NULL SAFETY OPERATORS)

Both of the language offer null safety by allowing the users to create optional datatypes that can be nullable but should be unwrapped before invocation.

通过允许用户创建可选的数据类型，这两种语言都提供了空安全性，这些数据类型可以为空，但应在调用之前解开。

When we considering unwrapping of optionals, it can be done in two ways :

当我们考虑展开可选对象时，可以通过两种方式完成：

1. Safe unwrapping ( ?. )安全展开(？。)
2. Forced unwrapping ( !. )强制展开(！。)

Swift offers two other types of unwrapping also

Swift还提供了其他两种类型的展开功能

3. Implicit unwrapping

3.隐式展开

4. Conditional unwrapping

4.有条件的展开

Such operators allow the developer to avoid NPE (NullPointerException) to a major extent and force the team of developers to code in a controlled manner.

这种运算符使开发人员可以在很大程度上避免NPE(NullPointerException)并迫使开发人员团队以受控方式进行编码。

封装 (ENCAPSULATION)

In designing softwares , developers majorly consider two kind of high level encapsulations :

在设计软件时，开发人员主要考虑两种高级封装：

• Abstraction ( such as Abstract classes, Interfaces, Protocols )

  抽象(例如Abstract类，接口，协议 )

• Concrete definition ( such as Classes, Structures )

  具体的定义(例如类，结构 )

摘要 (ABSTRACTION)

Interface and protocol are somewhat analogical in Kotlin and Swift respectively. Both of them offers standardisation in code design.

接口和协议分别在Kotlin和Swift中有点类推。 两者都提供了代码设计的标准化。

In Swift, you can explicitly define the exposed setters getters for a property of protocol.

在Swift中，您可以为协议的属性显式定义暴露的setter获取器。

混凝土定义 (CONCRETE DEFINITION)

Classes and structures are used to wrap characteristics and behaviour together in order to replicate real world objects. Defining such concrete definitions is similar in both languages

类和结构用于将特征和行为包装在一起，以便复制现实世界的对象。 两种语言中定义此类具体定义的过程相似

Properties of OOPS (Object Oriented Programming) can be exploited using such encapsulations.

OOPS(面向对象编程)的属性可以使用此类封装加以利用。

Explaining such properties in detail is not relevant in this article. Hence, the most famous OOPS property ‘ Inheritance ‘ can describe the grammer of both the languages.

在本文中，详细解释此类属性并不重要。 因此，最著名的OOPS属性“ 继承”可以描述两种语言的语法。

集合 (COLLECTIONS)

Developer spend 50% of their time in developing and using data structures in a language. Designer of any computer language keep this in mind that process of populating and consuming the data structures in any language should be versatile and offer as much functionality as possible.

开发人员将其50％的时间用于开发和使用一种语言的数据结构。 任何计算机语言的设计师都牢记这一点，即以任何一种语言填充和使用数据结构的过程都应该是通用的，并应提供尽可能多的功能。

Following snippets demonstrate the four fundamental operations CRUD over a standard data structure ‘ List ’ :

以下代码片段演示了对标准数据结构“ List ”的四个基本操作CRUD ：

• Create

  çreate

• Read

  [R EAD

• Update

  更新

• Delete

  d elete

Kotlin appears to offer much more operations over data structures if the developer can utilise Java streams in a right manner

如果开发人员可以正确地利用Java流，那么Kotlin似乎可以提供更多的数据结构操作

扩充功能 (EXTENSIONS)

Sometimes, developer need to extend the functionality by adding features to a certain existing structure. Kotlin and Swift take care of this requirement by adding extensions which enhance the project scalability to a large extent.

有时，开发人员需要通过向某些现有结构中添加功能来扩展功能。 Kotlin和Swift通过添加扩展来满足此要求，这些扩展可以在很大程度上增强项目的可伸缩性。

Swift allows extension block rather than just methods which allows developers to add data variables and make extensions much more versatile.

Swift允许扩展块，而不仅仅是允许开发人员添加数据变量并使扩展更加通用的方法。

先进的数据操作 (ADVANCED OPERATIONS ON DATA)

Various operations are generally performed over collection of data. Modern day language try to offer concise and powerful advanced operations that allow the developer to avoid iterating over the data explicitly by writing a chunk of code with nested loops. Such advanced operations are :

通常对数据收集执行各种操作。 现代语言尝试提供简洁而强大的高级操作，使开发人员可以通过编写带有嵌套循环的代码块来避免显式地遍历数据。 这样的高级操作是：

• Filtering筛选
• Sorting排序
• Mapping制图
• Reducing (Conversion)减少(转化)

参考资料 (REFERENCES)

• https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/

  https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/

• https://swift.org/documentation/

  https://swift.org/documentation/

• http://nilhcem.com/swift-is-like-kotlin/

  http://nilhcem.com/swift-is-like-kotlin/

结论 (CONCLUSION)

You can observe in few scenarios that Koltin offer a little more power to the developers to write much more concise code as it is designed few years after the Swift. Kotlin and Swift can be considered few of the most evolved programming languages that comprise of best features from languages like Javascript, C++, Java etc.

您可以在几种情况下观察到Koltin为开发人员提供了更多的功能，使其可以编写更多简洁的代码，因为它是在Swift之后的几年设计的。 Kotlin和Swift可以被认为是发展最快的编程语言中的少数几种，这些语言包含了Javascript，C ++，Java等语言的最佳功能。

Due to the similarity in syntactic structure, developers can migrate from Swift to Kotlin and vice versa in order to expand their domain of programming skills.

由于语法结构的相似性，开发人员可以从Swift迁移到Kotlin，反之亦然，以扩展他们的编程技能领域。

“ In a bigger picture, both languages are designed to have much similar syntax. It looks like the prototype for modern day high level programming languages have been defined which we can expect to observe in upcoming languages. “

“从更大的角度看，两种语言都设计为具有非常相似的语法。 看起来已经定义了现代高级编程语言的原型，我们可以期望在未来的语言中观察到它们。 “

If you have any suggestions, feel free to reach me on

如果您有任何建议，请随时与我联系

LINKEDIN : Mohit Malhotra

链接人 ： Mohit Malhotra

MAIL : Mohit Malhotra’s Inbox

邮件 ： Mohit Malhotra的收件箱

Thanks for reading.

谢谢阅读。

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