STM32管脚模拟协议驱动双路16位DAC芯片TM8211

TM8211是一款国产的低成本双路16位DAC驱动芯片，可以应用于普通数模转换领域及音频转换领域等。这里介绍STM32 HAL库驱动TM8211的逻辑,时序和代码。

TM8211的功能特性为：

TM8211的内部电路功能框图为：

TM8211驱动逻辑

TM8211支持典型的3.3V供电和5V供电，在驱动后进行电压输出时，需要注意，如以3.3V供电为例，并非是驱动输出0~3.3V的范围，而是半范围，即驱动输出的电压范围为0.825V – 2.475V (1/4VDD-- 3/4VDD)。

TM8211的管脚定义为：

其中控制管脚为WS, BCK和DIN，LCH和RCH为两个输出通道，介绍如下：
WS: 高电平指示对LCH通道进行配置，低电平指示对RCH通道进行配置
BCK：配置过程的时钟线，TM8211在时钟上升沿锁存数据，在WS的某个电平状态，前16个时钟锁存的数据有效，后面的忽略
DIN: 配置过程的数据线

TM8211典型应用

TM8211可应用于双通道音频输出，如：

也可以控制输出交流波形，通过隔直电容去掉直流电压部分。

工程配置

TM8211的配置时钟最大可达18.4MHz，在不需要配置MHz级信号输出控制时，可以采用GPIO管脚模拟协议对TM8211输出电压进行控制。这里介绍STM32CUBEIDE开发平台，以STM32G030F6P6为例，GPIO管脚模拟协议配置TM8211的范例。需要进行更高速配置时则需要调整为SPI硬件接口驱动。

首先建立基本工程并配置时钟:

配置3个GPIO作为驱动接口：

保存并生成初始工程代码：

工程代码：

工程代码实现都在main.c文件里，代码里用到的微秒延时函数参考： STM32 HAL us delay（微秒延时）的指令延时实现方式及优化

两个通道都实现为类似正弦波的连续波形输出：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
#define TM8211_WS_L HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define TM8211_WS_H HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4, GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define TM8211_BCK_L HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define TM8211_BCK_H HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define TM8211_DIN_L HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define TM8211_DIN_H HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_SET)
/* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
__IO float usDelayBase;
void PY_usDelayTest(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO uint32_t counter = 0;firstms = HAL_GetTick()+1;secondms = firstms+1;while(uwTick!=firstms) ;while(uwTick!=secondms) counter++;usDelayBase = ((float)counter)/1000;
}void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)(Delay*usDelayBase);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}void PY_usDelayOptimize(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO float coe = 1.0;firstms = HAL_GetTick();PY_Delay_us_t(1000000) ;secondms = HAL_GetTick();coe = ((float)1000)/(secondms-firstms);usDelayBase = coe*usDelayBase;
}void PY_Delay_us(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t msNum = Delay/1000;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)((Delay%1000)*usDelayBase);if(msNum>0) HAL_Delay(msNum);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#define us_num 2void TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(uint16_t LCH, uint16_t RCH)
{uint8_t i;TM8211_WS_L;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);for(i=0; i<16; i++){TM8211_BCK_L;if( (RCH>>(15-i))&0x0001 ) TM8211_DIN_H;else TM8211_DIN_L;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);TM8211_BCK_H;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);}PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);TM8211_WS_H;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);for(i=0; i<16; i++){TM8211_BCK_L;if( (LCH>>(15-i))&0x0001 ) TM8211_DIN_H;else TM8211_DIN_L;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);TM8211_BCK_H;PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);}PY_Delay_us_t(us_num);TM8211_WS_L;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */uint16_t C1 = 0, C2 = 0;/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */PY_usDelayTest();PY_usDelayOptimize();TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(0x0000, 0x0000);PY_Delay_us_t(5000000);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){for(uint16_t i=0x8000; i<0xffff; i++){C1=C2=i;TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(C1, C2);}for(uint16_t j=0x0000; j<0x7fff; j++){C1=C2=j;TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(C1, C2);}for(uint16_t j=0x7fff; j>0x0000; j--){C1=C2=j;TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(C1, C2);}for(uint16_t i=0xffff; i>0x8000; i--){C1=C2=i;TM8211_OUTPUT_CONFIG(C1, C2);}/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage*/HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIDiv = RCC_HSI_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 8;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/*** @brief GPIO Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 *//* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4|GPIO_PIN_5|GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_RESET);/*Configure GPIO pins : PA4 PA5 PA7 */GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4|GPIO_PIN_5|GPIO_PIN_7;GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

其中，配置值和输出电压的关系参考如下测试结果（3.3V供电）了解：

如果要应用供电参考电压全范围输出的双路16位DAC，则参考：STM32模拟SPI时序控制双路16位数模转换（16bit DAC）芯片DAC8552电压输出

例程下载

STM32G030F6P6管脚模拟协议驱动双路16位DAC芯片TM8211例程

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