今天写了个小程序，用.NET操作Office模板文件，生成期望的Word文件。开发环境运行正常，可放到另一台机器上就不好用，提示找不到COM….

确认目标机器安装了Office，而且版本和开发环境一样，唯一的差别是目标机器没有安装VS,在目标机器上Refactor一下程序，马上发现是找不到Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.dll .

安装Office PIA后问题解决。后来发现目标机器安装的是Office所谓的精简版，原因明了。

Office PIA实际就是Office 的.NET编程支持，安装之后，会在VS的COM列表中出现Office类型库，而不是在.NET组件中显示。

参考内容：

Visual Studio Tools for the Microsoft Office System

Office Primary Interop Assemblies

When you create a new Visual Studio Tools for Office project, a reference to the correct primary interop assembly (PIA) is added to your project automatically if the assembly is installed in the Windows global assembly cache (GAC). The Microsoft Office primary interop assemblies are installed in the global assembly cache during a Complete installation.

For more information about primary interop assemblies, see Primary Interop Assemblies and the MSDN article "Primary Interop Assemblies (PIAs)" (http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dndotnet/html/whypriinterop.asp).

 Applications That Do Not Have Projects in Visual Studio Tools for Office

For Microsoft Office applications that do not have projects in Visual Studio Tools for Office, you must add a reference to the appropriate application or component to your project manually. Adding a reference to the component references the primary interop assembly, if the assembly is installed in the global assembly cache. Office applications and components are accessible from the COM tab of the Add Reference dialog box.

If the primary interop assembly is not installed in the global assembly cache, Visual Studio generates an interop assembly for the project that might not work fully in all cases. For more information, see Troubleshooting in Office at Run Time.

Note

Some assemblies are added to a project automatically when an assembly that references them is added. For example, references to the assemblies Office.dll and Microsoft.Vbe.Interop.dll are added automatically when you add a reference to the Word, Excel, Outlook, Microsoft Forms, or Graph assemblies.

For more information about installing Office primary interop assemblies, see How to: Install Office Primary Interop Assemblies. For more information about adding references, see How to: Add and Remove References in Visual Studio (C#, J#).

 Available Assemblies for Microsoft Office 2003

The following table shows primary interop assemblies that are available to install with Microsoft Office 2003.

Office Application or Component 
Primary Interop Assembly Name

Microsoft Access 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Access.dll

Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll

Microsoft FrontPage 6.0 Web Object Reference Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Frontpage.dll

Microsoft FrontPage 6.0 Page Object Reference Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Frontpageeditor.dll

Microsoft Graph 11.0 Object Library (used by PowerPoint, Access, and Word for graphs)

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Graph.dll

Microsoft Outlook 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.dll

Microsoft Outlook View Control (can be used in Web pages and applications to access your Inbox)

Microsoft.Office.Interop.OutlookViewCtl.dll

Microsoft Office Web Components 11.0 (spreadsheet, graph, and pivot table for Web pages)

Microsoft.Office.Interop.owc11.dll

Microsoft PowerPoint 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.PowerPoint.dll

Microsoft Publisher 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Publisher.dll

Microsoft Smart Tags 2.0 Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.SmartTag.dll

Microsoft Word 11.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.dll

Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications Extensibility 5.3

Microsoft.Vbe.Interop.dll

Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library (programmable controls that can be used in applications)

Microsoft.Vbe.Interop.Forms.dll

Microsoft Office 11.0 Object Library (Office shared functionality)

office.dll

 Available Assemblies for the 2007 Microsoft Office System

The following table shows primary interop assemblies that are available to install with the 2007 Microsoft Office system.

Office Application or Component 
Primary Interop Assembly Name

Microsoft Access 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Access.dll

Microsoft Office 2007 Access database engine Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Access.Dao.dll

Microsoft Excel 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll

Microsoft Graph 12.0 Object Library (used by PowerPoint, Access, and Word for graphs)

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Graph.dll

Microsoft InfoPath 2.0 Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.InfoPath.dll

Microsoft InfoPath XML Interop Assembly

Microsoft.Office.Interop.InfoPath.Xml.dll

Microsoft Outlook 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.dll

Microsoft Office Outlook View Control (can be used in Web pages and applications to access your Inbox)

Microsoft.Office.Interop.OutlookViewCtl.dll

Microsoft PowerPoint 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.PowerPoint.dll

Microsoft Publisher 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Publisher.dll

Microsoft SharePointDesigner 12.0 Web Object Reference Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.SharePointDesigner.dll

Microsoft SharePointDesigner 12.0 Page Object Reference Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.SharePointDesignerPage.dll

Microsoft Smart Tags 2.0 Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.SmartTag.dll

Microsoft Visio 12.0 Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Visio.dll

Microsoft Visio 12.0 Save As Web Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Visio.SaveAsWeb.dll

Microsoft Visio 12.0 Drawing Control Type Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.VisOcx.dll

Microsoft Word 12.0 Object Library

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.dll

Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications Extensibility 5.3

Microsoft.Vbe.Interop.dll

Microsoft Office 12.0 Object Library (Office shared functionality)

office.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Access Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Access.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Excel Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Graph Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Graph.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft InfoPath Type Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.InfoPath.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft InfoPath XML Interop Assembly

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.InfoPath.Xml.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Outlook Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Outlook View Control

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.OutlookViewCtl.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft PowerPoint Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.PowerPoint.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Publisher Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Publisher.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Smart Tags Type Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.SmartTag.dll

Microsoft Visio Type Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Visio.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Visio Save As Web Type Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Visio.SaveAsWeb.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Visio Drawing Control Type Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.VisOcx.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Word Object Library

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications Extensibility 5.3

Policy.11.0.Microsoft.Vbe.Interop.dll

Binding Redirect Assembly for Microsoft Office Object Library

Policy.11.0.office.dll

Note

The binding redirect assemblies help make sure that the 2007 Microsoft Office version of the primary interop assemblies are loaded at run time. When a Visual Studio Tools for Office solution that references a Microsoft Office 2003 primary interop assembly runs on a computer that has the 2007 Microsoft Office version of the same primary interop assembly, the binding redirect assembly instructs the .NET Framework runtime to load the 2007 Microsoft Office version of the primary interop assembly. For more information, see Assembly Binding Redirection.   From:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/15s06t57(VS.80).aspx

参考内容：

如何：通过主互操作程序集面向 Office 应用程序

在 Visual Studio 中创建新的 Visual Studio Tools for Office 项目时，如果已经在计算机的全局程序集缓存 (GAC) 中安装了正确的主互操作程序集 (PIA)，则会在项目中自动添加对该程序集的引用。若要使用托管代码使其他 Microsoft Office 应用程序的功能自动化，则必须手动添加对相应组件的引用。

注意

显示的对话框和菜单命令可能会与“帮助”中的描述不同，具体取决于您的当前设置或版本。若要更改设置，请在“工具”菜单上选择“导入和导出设置”。有关更多信息，请参见 Visual Studio 设置。

添加对主互操作程序集的引用

1. 打开 Visual Studio Tools for Office 项目，并在“解决方案资源管理器”中选择该项目名称。

2. 打开“项目”菜单，然后单击“添加引用”。

3. 在“COM”选项卡下，在“组件名称”列表中选择所需的组件。有关 Microsoft Office 主互操作程序集和相应组件名称的列表，请参见 Office 主要互操作程序集。

4. 单击“确定”。

该组件名称即出现在“解决方案资源管理器”的“引用”文件夹中。

如果该主互操作程序集没有安装在全局程序集缓存中或者无法访问，Visual Studio 将为该项目生成一个互操作程序集，但该程序集不一定能在所有情况下工作。如果发生这种情况，Visual Studio 将在该项目的文件夹而非全局程序集缓存中创建该程序集。可以在 Visual Studio 的“属性”窗口中检查该程序集的“路径”属性，以查找该程序集的位置。有关更多信息，请参见 Office 运行时的疑难解答中的“无法初始化程序集”。

请参见

任务

如何：安装 Office 主互操作程序集
如何：使用主互操作程序集使 Office 应用程序自动化

其他资源

对 Office 应用程序进行编程
使用 Office 对象模型实现应用程序自动化

本文转自斯克迪亚博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/sgsoft/archive/2009/02/07/1385919.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者