C++练习实例———中国象棋小游戏

通过在控制台输出字符来实现一个中国象棋小游戏实际上是很简单的，也非常有趣。游戏是人人对战模式，实现后的效果如下：

代码思路很简单，就是创建好各个游戏对象的类，然后用一个管理类来实现游戏规则就可以了。但是这里我想说因为中国象棋的棋子种类和数量是固定的，可以视为稳定的代码（不会再扩展），继而整个程序都是稳定的，这里我认为就不需要使用多态或策略模式，使用多态是为了隔离程序中的稳定代码和变化代码，当代码全部为稳定时就不需要用，否则反而会变的麻烦。下面直接上代码：

Point类

#ifndef POINT_H
#define POINT_H
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//坐标类
class Point
{
public:Point(int x = 0, int y = 0) : m_x(x), m_y(y) {};~Point() {};Point& operator=(const Point &p){m_x = p.m_x;m_y = p.m_y;return *this;}bool operator==(const Point &p)const {if (m_x == p.m_x&&m_y == p.m_y)return true;else return false;}void Set(const int x, const int y) { m_x = x; m_y = y; }void SetX(const int x) { m_x = x; }void SetY(const int y) { m_y = y; }int GetX() const { return m_x; }int GetY()const { return m_y; }private:int m_x;int m_y;
};
#endif

Chess类

#ifndef CHESS_H
#define CHESS_H#include"Point.h"enum ChessCamp//棋子阵营（红绿两方）
{RED,GREEN
};enum ChessType//棋子种类
{MA,SHUAI,CHE,PAO,SHI,BING,XIANG
};class Chess
{
public:Chess(ChessType type, ChessCamp camp, Point position) :m_type(type),m_camp(camp),m_position(position){}~Chess(){}Point GetPosition()const { return m_position; }void SetPosition(const Point& newposition) { m_position = newposition; }ChessType GetType()const { return m_type; }ChessCamp GetCamp()const { return m_camp; }private:ChessType m_type;ChessCamp m_camp;Point m_position;};#endif // !CHESS_H

ChessBoard(棋盘)类

#ifndef CHESSBOARD_H
#define CHESSBOARD_H#include<Windows.h>
#include"chess.h"class ChessBoard
{
public:bool m_isend;ChessBoard();~ChessBoard() {}void PrintBoard();void ChangeChess(const Point& spos, const Point& tpos);Chess* GetChess(const Point& pos)const{return m_allchess[pos.GetX()][pos.GetY()];}void Clear() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++){if (m_allchess[i][j] != nullptr) {delete m_allchess[i][j];m_allchess[i][j] = nullptr;}}}}private:Chess* m_allchess[10][9];
};
#endif

#include"ChessBoard.h"ChessBoard::ChessBoard()
{m_isend = false;for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)m_allchess[i][j] = nullptr;}//四个车m_allchess[0][0] = new Chess(CHE, GREEN, Point(0, 0));m_allchess[0][8] = new Chess(CHE, GREEN, Point(0, 8));m_allchess[9][0] = new Chess(CHE, RED, Point(9, 0));m_allchess[9][8] = new Chess(CHE, RED, Point(9, 8));//四个马m_allchess[0][1] = new Chess(MA, GREEN, Point(0, 1));m_allchess[0][7] = new Chess(MA, GREEN, Point(0, 7));m_allchess[9][1] = new Chess(MA, RED, Point(9, 1));m_allchess[9][7] = new Chess(MA, RED, Point(9, 7));//四个炮m_allchess[2][1] = new Chess(PAO, GREEN, Point(2, 1));m_allchess[2][7] = new Chess(PAO, GREEN, Point(2, 7));m_allchess[7][1] = new Chess(PAO, RED, Point(7, 1));m_allchess[7][7] = new Chess(PAO, RED, Point(7, 7));//两个帅m_allchess[0][4] = new Chess(SHUAI, GREEN, Point(0, 4));m_allchess[9][4] = new Chess(SHUAI, RED, Point(9, 4));//象m_allchess[0][2] = new Chess(XIANG, GREEN, Point(0, 2));m_allchess[0][6] = new Chess(XIANG, GREEN, Point(0, 6));m_allchess[9][2] = new Chess(XIANG, RED, Point(9, 2));m_allchess[9][6] = new Chess(XIANG, RED, Point(9, 6));//士m_allchess[0][3] = new Chess(SHI, GREEN, Point(0, 3));m_allchess[0][5] = new Chess(SHI, GREEN, Point(0, 5));m_allchess[9][3] = new Chess(SHI, RED, Point(9, 3));m_allchess[9][5] = new Chess(SHI, RED, Point(9, 5));//兵for (int i = 0; i <= 8; i += 2)m_allchess[3][i] = new Chess(BING, GREEN, Point(3, i));for (int i = 0; i <= 8; i += 2)m_allchess[6][i] = new Chess(BING, RED, Point(6, i));}void ChessBoard::PrintBoard()
{for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){//输出上排坐标或河界if (i == 0 || i == 5){cout << "  ";for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++){if (i == 0)cout << j << " ";//上排坐标if (i == 5)cout << "一";//河界}cout << endl;}for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++){if (j == 0) cout << i << " ";//左排坐标if (m_allchess[i][j] == nullptr){if (i == 8 && j == 4 || i == 1 && j == 4)cout << "米";//九宫格else cout << "十";//没有棋子}else{//根据阵营设置颜色if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetCamp() == GREEN)SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_GREEN);if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetCamp() == RED)SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_RED);if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == CHE)cout << "车";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == MA)cout << "马";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == SHUAI)cout << "帅";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == PAO)cout << "炮";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == XIANG)cout << "象";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == SHI)cout << "士";if (m_allchess[i][j]->GetType() == BING)cout << "兵";//恢复默认颜色（白色）SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 7);}}cout << endl;}
}void ChessBoard::ChangeChess(const Point & spos, const Point & tpos)
{if (m_allchess[tpos.GetX()][tpos.GetY()] != nullptr){//如果把帅吃了，游戏结束if (m_allchess[tpos.GetX()][tpos.GetY()]->GetType() == SHUAI)m_isend = true;delete m_allchess[tpos.GetX()][tpos.GetY()];}m_allchess[tpos.GetX()][tpos.GetY()] = m_allchess[spos.GetX()][spos.GetY()];m_allchess[spos.GetX()][spos.GetY()] = nullptr;
}

GameManager类，控制核心玩法

#ifndef GameManager_H
#define GameManager_H
#include"ChessBoard.h"class GameManager
{
public:~GameManager() { m_chessboard.Clear(); }//严格意义上说单例模式析构应该为私有 但有时编译会出问题bool Move(const Point& startpos,const Point& targetpos);void ChangeCamp() {if (m_nowcamp == RED)m_nowcamp = GREEN;else m_nowcamp = RED;}ChessCamp GetCamp()const{ return m_nowcamp; }void Print(){  m_chessboard.PrintBoard();}bool IsEnd()const { return m_chessboard.m_isend; }static GameManager*Instance();//单例模式
private:ChessBoard m_chessboard;ChessCamp m_nowcamp;//单例模式 构造函数为私有GameManager(){m_nowcamp = RED;m_chessboard= ChessBoard();}bool JudgeMoveLegel(const Point& startpos,const Point& targetpos);//判断移动是否符合棋盘规定bool JudgeMoveChessRule(const Point& startpos,const Point& targetpos);//判断移动是否符合棋子的规则int JudgeChessBetween(const Point& startpos,const Point& targetpos);//返回两点之间棋子的数目bool JudgeCrossRiver(const Point&pos);//判断棋子是否过河
};
#endif // !GameManager_H

#include"GameManager.h"//单例模式
GameManager * GameManager::Instance()
{static GameManager instance;return &instance;
}bool GameManager::JudgeMoveLegel(const Point& startpos, const Point& targetpos)
{//若目标位置和起始位置相同，错误if (startpos == targetpos)return false;//如果起始选定位置没有棋子，或棋子阵营与当前玩家不一致，错误if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos) == nullptr ||m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() != m_nowcamp)return false;//如果目标位置越界，错误if (targetpos.GetX() < 0 || targetpos.GetX() > 9 ||targetpos.GetY() < 0 || targetpos.GetY() > 8)return false;//如果目标和起始是一个阵营，错误if (m_chessboard.GetChess(targetpos)!=nullptr&&m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() == m_chessboard.GetChess(targetpos)->GetCamp())return false;return true;
}bool GameManager::JudgeMoveChessRule(const Point& startpos, const Point& targetpos)
{//若是车if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == CHE){if (startpos.GetX() == targetpos.GetX() || startpos.GetY() == targetpos.GetY())//目标和起始在一条直线上if (!JudgeChessBetween(startpos, targetpos))//中间没有棋子return true;}//若是炮else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == PAO){if (m_chessboard.GetChess(targetpos) == nullptr)//若不用吃子{if (startpos.GetX() == targetpos.GetX() || startpos.GetY() == targetpos.GetY())if (!JudgeChessBetween(startpos, targetpos))return true;}else //若要吃子{if (startpos.GetX() == targetpos.GetX() || startpos.GetY() == targetpos.GetY())if (JudgeChessBetween(startpos, targetpos) == 1)return true;}}//若是马else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == MA){int  tempx = targetpos.GetX() - startpos.GetX();int tempy = targetpos.GetY() - startpos.GetY();//若形成日字,并且没有憋马腿if (tempx*tempx + tempy*tempy == 5 &&m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(startpos.GetX() + tempx / 2, startpos.GetY() + tempy / 2)) == nullptr)return true;}//若是士else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == SHI){int tempx = targetpos.GetX() - startpos.GetX();int tempy = targetpos.GetY() - startpos.GetY();if ((tempx*tempx + tempy*tempy == 2) && (targetpos.GetY()<= 5) && (targetpos.GetY() >=3) && (targetpos.GetX() >= 7 || targetpos.GetX() <= 2))return true;}//若是帅else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == SHUAI){int tempx = targetpos.GetX() - startpos.GetX();int tempy = targetpos.GetY() - startpos.GetY();if ((tempx*tempx + tempy*tempy == 1) && (targetpos.GetY() <= 5) && (targetpos.GetY() >= 3) && (targetpos.GetX() >= 7 || targetpos.GetX() <= 2))return true;}//若是象else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == XIANG){int tempx = targetpos.GetX() - startpos.GetX();int tempy = targetpos.GetY() - startpos.GetY();//若形成田字,并且没有踩象眼if (tempx*tempx + tempy*tempy == 8 &&m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(startpos.GetX() + tempx / 2, startpos.GetY() + tempy / 2)) == nullptr)//没有将要过河if(m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() == RED&&targetpos.GetX() >4||m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() == GREEN&&targetpos.GetX() <5)return true;}//若是兵else if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetType() == BING){int    tempx = targetpos.GetX() - startpos.GetX();int tempy = targetpos.GetY() - startpos.GetY();if (tempx*tempx + tempy*tempy == 1)//走了一步{if (JudgeCrossRiver((startpos)))//若过河了return true;else //还没过河{//若是往前走if (m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() == RED&&tempx == -1 ||m_chessboard.GetChess(startpos)->GetCamp() == GREEN&&tempx == 1)return true;}}}return false;
}bool GameManager::Move(const Point& startpos, const Point& targetpos)
{if (JudgeMoveLegel(startpos, targetpos) && JudgeMoveChessRule(startpos, targetpos)){m_chessboard.ChangeChess(startpos, targetpos);return true;}else return false;
}int GameManager::JudgeChessBetween(const Point& startpos, const Point& targetpos)
{int num = 0;//若两点x轴相等if (startpos.GetX() == targetpos.GetX()){int x = startpos.GetX();if (startpos.GetY() > targetpos.GetY()){for (int i = targetpos.GetY() + 1; i < startpos.GetY(); i++){if (m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(x, i)) != nullptr)num++;}}else{for (int i = startpos.GetY() + 1; i < targetpos.GetY(); i++){if (m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(x, i)) != nullptr)num++;}}}//若两点y轴相等else if (startpos.GetY() == targetpos.GetY()){int y = startpos.GetY();if (startpos.GetX() > targetpos.GetX()){for (int i = targetpos.GetX() + 1; i < startpos.GetX(); i++){if (m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(i, y)) != nullptr)num++;}}else{for (int i = startpos.GetX() + 1; i < targetpos.GetX(); i++){if (m_chessboard.GetChess(Point(i, y)) != nullptr)num++;}}}return num;
}bool GameManager::JudgeCrossRiver(const Point & pos)
{if (m_chessboard.GetChess(pos)->GetCamp() == RED&&pos.GetX() < 5)return true;if (m_chessboard.GetChess(pos)->GetCamp() == GREEN&&pos.GetX() > 4)return true;return false;
}

main函数

#include"GameManager.h"
#define mymanager GameManager::Instance()int main()
{cout << "    中国象棋" <<  endl;cout << "****************" << endl << endl;cout << "  1.开始游戏" << endl << endl;cout << "    2.退出" << endl << endl;cout << "****************" << endl << endl;cout << "请输入选项：" << endl;int c(0);cin >> c;if (c == 1){mymanager->Print();while (1){if (mymanager->GetCamp() == RED)cout << "现在轮到红方" << endl;else cout << "现在轮到绿方" << endl;cout << "输入起始点和目标点：";int sx, sy, tx, ty;cin >> sx >> sy >> tx >> ty;if (mymanager->Move(Point(sx, sy), Point(tx, ty))){mymanager->Print();if (mymanager->IsEnd()){cout << "游戏结束！获胜方为：";if (mymanager->GetCamp() == RED)cout << "红方" << endl;else cout << "绿方" << endl;break;}mymanager->ChangeCamp();}else cout << "输入违法，请重新输入" << endl;}}if (c == 2)exit(0);cin.get();return 0;
}

谢谢观看：)

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