作者 | 周萝卜

来源 | 萝卜大杂烩

相信我们大家都玩过贪吃蛇游戏，今天我们就从头一起来写一个贪吃蛇小游戏，只需要100多行的代码就完成了。

用到的 Pygame 函数

贪吃蛇小游戏用到的函数

创建屏幕

我们使用函数 display.set_mode() 来创建 pygame 窗口，同时我们还要在程序的开始和结尾处进行 init() 和 quit() 函数，以保证程序可以正确开始和结束。

import pygame
pygame.init()
dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
quit()

这要我们运行程序，就可以得到如下：

但是这要的代码，我们的程序创建只会一闪而过，下面我们增加一些代码，来保持住程序窗口

import pygame
pygame.init()
dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('Snake game by Edureka')
game_over=False
while not game_over:for event in pygame.event.get():print(event)   # 打印出所有事件pygame.quit()
quit()

我们增加了游戏窗口的名称，同时还可以在 Python 控制台中看到我们在 pygame 窗口上操作时的所有事件

下面我们来增加关闭响应事件

pygame.init()
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
game_over = False
while not game_over:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type==pygame.QUIT:game_over=Truepygame.quit()
quit()

至此我们的游戏窗口就设置好了，下面就可以来画 snake 了

创建 snake

我们首先创建一些颜色变量，用来表示 snake，food，screen 等

pygame.init()
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')blue=(0,0,255)
red=(255,0,0)game_over = False
while not game_over:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type==pygame.QUIT:game_over=Truepygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [200, 150, 10, 10])pygame.display.update()pygame.quit()
quit()

这样，一只（条）贪吃蛇就创建完成了，就是那个小蓝点儿

使 snake 动起来

为了实现 snake 的移动，我们需要用到的关键事件是 KEYDOWN，它包含四个 key 值，K_UP, K_DOWN, K_LEFT, 和 K_RIGHT，分别表示向上、向下、向左和向右

pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)dis = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))game_over = Falsex1 = 300
y1 = 300x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0clock = pygame.time.Clock()while not game_over:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:game_over = Trueif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:x1_change = -10y1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:x1_change = 10y1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:y1_change = -10x1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:y1_change = 10x1_change = 0x1 += x1_changey1 += y1_changedis.fill(white)pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, 10, 10])pygame.display.update()clock.tick(30)pygame.quit()
quit()

我这里创建了 x1_change 和 y1_change 变量来更新 x 和 y 坐标，使得我们的 snake 可以移动起来

处理 Game Over

对于贪吃蛇游戏来说，如果 snake 移动出了游戏屏幕，那么游戏就已经失败了，下面我们就来处理这部分逻辑

import pygame
import timepygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_width))game_over = Falsex1 = dis_width / 2
y1 = dis_height / 2snake_block = 10x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0clock = pygame.time.Clock()
snake_speed = 30font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)def message(msg, color):mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 2, dis_height / 2])while not game_over:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:game_over = Trueif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:x1_change = -snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:x1_change = snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:y1_change = -snake_blockx1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:y1_change = snake_blockx1_change = 0if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:game_over = Truex1 += x1_changey1 += y1_changedis.fill(white)pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block])pygame.display.update()clock.tick(snake_speed)message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(2)pygame.quit()
quit()

增加食物

既然是贪吃蛇，当然要投食了，下面我们就来处理食物

import pygame
import time
import randompygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)dis_width = 800
dis_height = 600dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))clock = pygame.time.Clock()snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 30font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)def message(msg, color):mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 3, dis_height / 3])def gameLoop():  # creating a functiongame_over = Falsegame_close = Falsex1 = dis_width / 2y1 = dis_height / 2x1_change = 0y1_change = 0foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0while not game_over:while game_close == True:dis.fill(white)message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)pygame.display.update()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_q:game_over = Truegame_close = Falseif event.key == pygame.K_c:gameLoop()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:game_over = Trueif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:x1_change = -snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:x1_change = snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:y1_change = -snake_blockx1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:y1_change = snake_blockx1_change = 0if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:game_close = Truex1 += x1_changey1 += y1_changedis.fill(white)pygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block])pygame.display.update()if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:print("Good!")clock.tick(snake_speed)pygame.quit()quit()gameLoop()

我这里创建了一个函数 gameLoop 作为我们的主函数，同时还初始化了 snake 的食物，还同时增加了键盘 c 和 q 关键字，来重新开始游戏和退出游戏

snake 的成长

下面我们就开始在 snake 吃掉食物之后，增加 snake 的长度，这也是游戏的基本规则

import pygame
import time
import randompygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30)white = (255, 255, 255)
yellow = (255, 255, 102)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (213, 50, 80)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (50, 153, 213)dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))clock = pygame.time.Clock()snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 15def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list):for x in snake_list:pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block])def message(msg, color):mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3])def gameLoop():game_over = Falsegame_close = Falsex1 = dis_width / 2y1 = dis_height / 2x1_change = 0y1_change = 0snake_List = []Length_of_snake = 1foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0while not game_over:while game_close == True:dis.fill(blue)message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)pygame.display.update()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_q:game_over = Truegame_close = Falseif event.key == pygame.K_c:gameLoop()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:game_over = Trueif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:x1_change = -snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:x1_change = snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:y1_change = -snake_blockx1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:y1_change = snake_blockx1_change = 0if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:game_close = Truex1 += x1_changey1 += y1_changedis.fill(blue)pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])snake_Head = []snake_Head.append(x1)snake_Head.append(y1)snake_List.append(snake_Head)if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake:del snake_List[0]for x in snake_List[:-1]:if x == snake_Head:game_close = Trueour_snake(snake_block, snake_List)pygame.display.update()if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0Length_of_snake += 1clock.tick(snake_speed)pygame.quit()quit()gameLoop()

展示得分

最后我们来显示得分，毕竟对于游戏来说，玩家的得分还是很重要的

import pygame
import time
import randompygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30)white = (255, 255, 255)
yellow = (255, 255, 102)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (213, 50, 80)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (50, 153, 213)dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))clock = pygame.time.Clock()snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 15def Your_score(score):value = score_font.render("Your Score: " + str(score), True, yellow)dis.blit(value, [0, 0])def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list):for x in snake_list:pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block])def message(msg, color):mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3])def gameLoop():game_over = Falsegame_close = Falsex1 = dis_width / 2y1 = dis_height / 2x1_change = 0y1_change = 0snake_List = []Length_of_snake = 1foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0while not game_over:while game_close == True:dis.fill(blue)message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1)pygame.display.update()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_q:game_over = Truegame_close = Falseif event.key == pygame.K_c:gameLoop()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:game_over = Trueif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:x1_change = -snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:x1_change = snake_blocky1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:y1_change = -snake_blockx1_change = 0elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:y1_change = snake_blockx1_change = 0if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:game_close = Truex1 += x1_changey1 += y1_changedis.fill(blue)pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])snake_Head = []snake_Head.append(x1)snake_Head.append(y1)snake_List.append(snake_Head)if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake:del snake_List[0]for x in snake_List[:-1]:if x == snake_Head:game_close = Trueour_snake(snake_block, snake_List)Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1)pygame.display.update()if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0Length_of_snake += 1clock.tick(snake_speed)pygame.quit()quit()gameLoop()

这里创建了一个 Your_score 函数来记录玩家得分

这样，我们就完成了一个简易的贪吃蛇小游戏了

最后的最后，我们再给游戏添加音乐背景，让游戏的时光更加惬意吧

# 播放音乐
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load(r"Game.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()

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