Oracle  10G数据库 使用rman备份(裸设备管理)

1检查数据库模式：

oracle@yangzai ~]$uniread sqlplus / as sysdba

[uniread] Loaded history (149 lines)

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon

Jan 13 06:25:23 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release

10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real

Application Testing options

SQL>startup

。。。

SQL>archive log list(查看是否在归档模式下)

Database log modeArchive

Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     9

Next log sequence to archive   10

Current log sequence           10

SQL>

若为非归档则修改数据库归档模式

SQL>startup mount

ORA-01081: cannot start already-running

ORACLE - shut it down first

需要关闭数据库

SQL>shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

启动到mount状态

SQL>startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  608174080 bytes

Fixed Size                  2098240 bytes

Variable Size             155192256 bytes

Database Buffers          444596224 bytes

Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL>

更改数据库为归档模式

SQL>alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL>

打开数据库

SQL>alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>

2连接到target数据库

[oracle@yangzai bdump]$rman target 'ORCL'

catalog rman/rman

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

on Mon Jan 13 07:10:34 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

target database Password:

connected to target database: ORCL

(DBID=1354749965)

connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN>

1.首先查看一下Oracle的数据文件

SQL>select

name from v$datafile；

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/dev/raw/raw14

/dev/raw/raw16

/dev/raw/raw13

/dev/raw/raw17

/dev/raw/raw18

/dev/raw/raw19

/dev/raw/raw20

/dev/raw/raw21

8 rows selected.

SQL>

2.建立RMAN所需的表空间

添加裸设备/raw/raw22

查看vg状态

[root@yangzai ~]#vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name               vg_oracle

System ID

Format                lvm2

Metadata Areas        5

Metadata Sequence No  70

VG Access             read/write

VG Status             resizable

MAX LV                0

Cur LV                21

Open LV               0

Max PV                0

Cur PV                5

Act PV                5

VG Size               20.46 GB

PE Size               4.00 MB

Total PE              5239

Alloc PE / Size       3102 / 12.12 GB

Free

PE / Size       2137 / 8.35 GB

VG UUID

c7sMGI-Ow5z-OO0F-y47X-7BcE-mqtB-goAsUN

创建lv

[root@yangzai ~]#lvcreate -n rmanup -L 600M vg_oracle

Logical volume "rmanup" created

指定raw22

[root@yangzai ~]#vi

/etc/sysconfig/rawdevices

/dev/raw/raw17

/dev/vg_oracle/users

/dev/raw/raw18

/dev/vg_oracle/user2

/dev/raw/raw19

/dev/vg_oracle/qqqqq

/dev/raw/raw20

/dev/vg_oracle/tianjia1

/dev/raw/raw21

/dev/vg_oracle/qqqtmp

/dev/raw/raw22

/dev/vg_oracle/rmanup

重启裸设备

[root@yangzai ~]#/sbin/service rawdevices restart

Assigning devices:

/dev/raw/raw1  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/control1

/dev/raw/raw1:  bound to major 253, minor 0

/dev/raw/raw2  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/control2

/dev/raw/raw2:  bound to major 253, minor 11

/dev/raw/raw3  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/control3

/dev/raw/raw3:  bound to major 253, minor 12

/dev/raw/raw4  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/example

/dev/raw/raw4:  bound to major 253, minor 5

/dev/raw/raw5  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/passwordfile

/dev/raw/raw5:  bound to major 253, minor 14

/dev/raw/raw6  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo1_1

/dev/raw/raw6:  bound to major 253, minor 15

/dev/raw/raw7  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo1_2

/dev/raw/raw7:  bound to major 253, minor 16

/dev/raw/raw8  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo2a

/dev/raw/raw8:  bound to major 253, minor 7

/dev/raw/raw9  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo2b

/dev/raw/raw9:  bound to major 253, minor 8

/dev/raw/raw10  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo3a

/dev/raw/raw10: bound to

major 253, minor 9

/dev/raw/raw11  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/redo3b

/dev/raw/raw11: bound to

major 253, minor 10

/dev/raw/raw12  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/lv_spf_spfile

/dev/raw/raw12: bound to

major 253, minor 13

/dev/raw/raw13  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/sysaux

/dev/raw/raw13: bound to

major 253, minor 2

/dev/raw/raw14  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/system

/dev/raw/raw14: bound to

major 253, minor 1

/dev/raw/raw15  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/temp

/dev/raw/raw15: bound to

major 253, minor 4

/dev/raw/raw16  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/undotbs1

/dev/raw/raw16: bound to

major 253, minor 3

/dev/raw/raw17  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/users

/dev/raw/raw17: bound to

major 253, minor 6

/dev/raw/raw18  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/user2

/dev/raw/raw18: bound to

major 253, minor 17

/dev/raw/raw19  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/qqqqq

/dev/raw/raw19: bound to

major 253, minor 18

/dev/raw/raw20  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/tianjia1

/dev/raw/raw20: bound to

major 253, minor 19

/dev/raw/raw21  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/qqqtmp

/dev/raw/raw21: bound to

major 253, minor 20

/dev/raw/raw22  --&gt

/dev/vg_oracle/rmanup

/dev/raw/raw22: bound to

major 253, minor 21

Done

永久加载裸设备

[root@yangzai ~]#chown

oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw*

[root@yangzai ~]#chmod

660 /dev/raw/raw*

[root@yangzai ~]#vi

/etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# This script will be

executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can put your own

initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V

style init stuff.

touch

/var/lock/subsys/local

chown

oracle:dba /dev/raw/raw*

chmod

660 /dev/raw/raw*

查看裸设备/RAW/RAW22大小

[root@yangzai ~]#blockdev

--getsize /dev/raw/raw22

1228800

登录sql创建表空间

创建数据文件为裸设备/raw/raw22名为ora_backup表空间

SQL>create

tablespace ora_backup datafile'/dev/raw/raw22' size 500M;

Tablespace created.

SQL>

进行查看确认一下

SQL>select

name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/dev/raw/raw14

/dev/raw/raw16

/dev/raw/raw13

/dev/raw/raw17

/dev/raw/raw18

/dev/raw/raw19

/dev/raw/raw20

/dev/raw/raw21

/dev/raw/raw22

9 rows selected.

SQL>

3建立RMAN用户以及设定密码和用户表空间

SQL>create

user rman identified by rman default tablespace ora_backup temporary

tablespace temp;

可以加上quota

unlimited  on ora_backup命令的意思是rman用户可以使用该表空间的全部空间)

User created.

SQL>

4.给用户授权

SQL>grant

connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

Grant succeeded.

SQL>

看看都给了那些权限

SQL>select

* from dba_sys_privs where grantee='CONNECT';

GRANTEE                        PRIVILEGE                                ADM

------------------------------

---------------------------------------- ---

CONNECT

CREATE

SESSION                           NO

SQL>select

* from dba_sys_privs where grantee='RESOURCE';

GRANTEE                        PRIVILEGE                                ADM

------------------------------

---------------------------------------- ---

RESOURCE                       CREATE TRIGGER                           NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE SEQUENCE                          NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE TYPE                              NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE PROCEDURE                         NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE CLUSTER                           NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE OPERATOR                          NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE INDEXTYPE                         NO

RESOURCE                       CREATE TABLE                             NO

8

rows selected.

SQL>select

* from dba_sys_privs where grantee='RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER';

GRANTEE                        PRIVILEGE                                ADM

------------------------------

---------------------------------------- ---

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE SYNONYM                           NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE CLUSTER                           NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         ALTER SESSION                            NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE DATABASE LINK                     NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE PROCEDURE                         NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE SEQUENCE                          NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE TABLE                             NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE SESSION                           NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE TYPE                              NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE VIEW                              NO

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER         CREATE TRIGGER                           NO

11

rows selected.

SQL>

5退出数据库重新.连接到数据库

退出数据库

SQL>exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database

10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

exit

[uniread] Saved history (149

lines)

重连

[oracle@yangzai ~]$rman

target 'orcl' catalog rman/rman

Argument     Value          Description

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

target       quoted-string  connect-string for target database

catalog      quoted-string  connect-string for recovery catalog

nocatalog    none           if specified, then no recovery

catalog

cmdfile      quoted-string  name of input command file

log          quoted-string  name of output message log file

trace        quoted-string  name of output debugging message log file

append       none           if specified, log is opened in

append mode

debug        optional-args  activate debugging

msgno        none           show RMAN-nnnn prefix for all

messages

send         quoted-string  send a command to the media manager

pipe         string         building block for pipe names

timeout      integer        number of seconds to wait for pipe

input

checksyntax  none           check the command file for syntax

errors

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Both single and double

quotes (' or ") are accepted for a quoted-string.

Quotes are not required

unless the string contains embedded white-space.

RMAN-00571:

===========================================================

RMAN-00569:

=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571:

===========================================================

RMAN-00552:

syntax error in command line arguments

RMAN-01009:

syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "append,

at, auxiliary, catalog, cmdfile, clone, checksyntax, debug, log, msglog,

mask, msgno, nocatalog, pipe, rcvcat, script, slaxdebug, send, target,

timeout, trace"

RMAN-01008:

the bad identifier was: targetzhiruicatalog

RMAN-01007:

at line 2 column 1 file: command line arguments

看看rman是否可用

[oracle@yangzai ~]$rman

Recovery Manager: Release

10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 13 03:08:33 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007,

Oracle.  All rights reserved.

是可用退出在连接

RMAN>exit

Recovery Manager complete.

数据库名用大写试试

[oracle@yangzai ~]$rman target

'ORCL' catalog rman/rman

[oracle@yangzai ~]$rman

catalog rman/rman(2个命令一样)

Recovery Manager: Release

10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 20 02:15:43 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007,

Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to recovery

catalog database

RMAN>

Recovery Manager: Release

10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 13 03:10:15 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007,

Oracle.  All rights reserved.

target database Password:

connected to target

database: ORCL (DBID=1354749965)

connected to recovery

catalog database

RMAN>

连接成功

6.注册数据库

直接注册

RMAN>register database;

RMAN-00571:

===========================================================

RMAN-00569:

=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571:

===========================================================

RMAN-03002:

failure of register command at 01/13/2014 03:15:52

RMAN-06428:

recovery catalog is not installed

报错：恢复目录没有安装，需要自己创建

RMAN>

7.建立catalog表空间到ora_backup

RMAN>create

catalog tablespace ora_backup

recovery catalog created

RMAN>

在注册试试

RMAN>register

database;

database registered in

recovery catalog

starting full resync of

recovery catalog

full resync complete

注册成功

RMAN>

通过dbca数据库连接到orcl数据库中catalog目录数据库

配置数据库DBCA实例中的tnsnames.ora文件

添加ORCL实例数据库中的网段。使DBCA实例数据库能连接到ORCL数据库

[oracle@dbca admin]$ cat

tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network

Configuration File:

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle

configuration tools.

ORALOCAL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =

192.168.56.188)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SID = dbca)

)

)

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =

192.168.56.187)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SID = orcl)

)

)

重新启动监听

连接测试

[oracle@dbca admin]$rman  target  sys/oracle@ORALOCAL  catalog  rman/rman@ORCL

RMAN连接 连接符为@ORALOCAL的RMAN在连接目录数据库为@ORCL连接符的RMAN

这时候使用备份，会将备份集存放在catlog

rman用户下的表空间中。

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