表单的增 删 改 查
2024-04-23 01:43:56
django单表操作 增 删 改 查
一、实现：增、删、改、查
1、获取所有数据显示在页面上
model.Classes.object.all()，拿到数据后，渲染给前端;前端通过for循环的方式，取出数据。
目的：通过classes（班级表数据库）里面的字段拿到对应的数据。
2、添加功能
配置url分发路由增加一个add_classes.html页面
写一个def add_classess函数
在前端写一个a标签，前端页面就可以看到一个添加链接，通过点这个a标签的链接跳转到一个新的add_classess页面
add_classess.html 页面中实现两个功能：
form表单 ：返回给add_classess.html页面
input 输入框
input 提交按钮
接下来就要接收前端输入的数据：
if request.mothod='GET'
elif
request.mothod='POST'
request.POST.get('title') 拿到传过来的班级数据
然后通过创建的方式，写入对应的title字段数据库中
方法：models.Classes.objects.create(titile=title)
再返回给return redirect('/get_classes.html')
3、删除功能
配置url路由分发
加一个操作：
<th>操作</th>
一个a标签：
<a href="/del_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">删除</a>
实现删除操作，就是找到数据库中，对应的id字段(赋值给nid=id)，删除掉这个ID字段这行数据，就实现了删除功能。
4、实现编辑功能
在get_classes.html里添加一个a标签
配置路由分发
写def edit_classes函数
班级这个输入框前面id不显示,因为id不能被用户修改，所以要隐藏。
根据id拿到这个对象（id 走get方法），id存放在请求头中发送过去的。
obj对象里面包含id 和 title ，走post方法，title是放在请求体中发送过去的
第一次：get拿到id
if request.method == 'GET':nid = request.GET.get('nid')obj = models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).first()return render(request, 'edit_classes.html', {'obj': obj})第二次：post拿到id和title
elif request.method == 'POST':nid = request.GET.get('nid')title = request.POST.get('title')models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(titile=title)return redirect('/get_classes.html')综合应用示例：
models.py
from django.db import models# Create your models here.class Classes(models.Model):"""班级表,男"""titile = models.CharField(max_length=32)m = models.ManyToManyField("Teachers")class Teachers(models.Model):"""老师表，女"""name = models.CharField (max_length=32)"""
cid_id tid_id1 11 26 11000 1000
"""
# class C2T(models.Model):
# cid = models.ForeignKey(Classes)
# tid = models.ForeignKey(Teachers)class Student(models.Model):username = models.CharField(max_length=32)age = models.IntegerField()gender = models.BooleanField()cs = models.ForeignKey(Classes)View Code
urls.py
"""django_one URL ConfigurationThe `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views1. Add an import: from my_app import views2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01.views import classesurlpatterns = [url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^get_classes.html$', classes.get_classes),url(r'^add_classes.html$', classes.add_classes),url(r'^del_classes.html$', classes.del_classes),url(r'^edit_classes.html$', classes.edit_classes),]View Code
classes.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from app01 import modelsdef get_classes(request):cls_list = models.Classes.objects.all()return render(request, 'get_classes.html', {'cls_list': cls_list})def add_classes(request):if request.method == "GET":return render(request, 'add_classes.html')elif request.method == 'POST':title = request.POST.get('titile')models.Classes.objects.create(titile=title)return redirect('/get_classes.html')def del_classes(request):nid = request.GET.get('nid')models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()return redirect('/get_classes.html')def edit_classes(request):if request.method == 'GET':nid = request.GET.get('nid')obj = models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).first()return render(request, 'edit_classes.html', {'obj': obj})elif request.method == 'POST':nid = request.GET.get('nid')title = request.POST.get('title')models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(titile=title)return redirect('/get_classes.html')View Code
get_classes.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div><a href="/add_classes.html">添加</a>
</div>
<div><table border="1"><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>名称</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody>{% for row in cls_list %}<tr><td>{{ row.id }}</td><td>{{ row.titile }}</td><td><a href="/del_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">删除</a>|<a href="/edit_classes.html?nid={{ row.id }}">编辑</a></td></tr>{% endfor %}</tbody></table>
</div>
</body>
</html>View Code
add_classes.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="add_classes.html" method="POST">{% csrf_token %}<input type="text" name="titile" /><input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>View Code
edit_classes.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head><form action="/edit_classes.html?nid={{ obj.id }}" method="POST">{% csrf_token %}<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ obj.titile }}" /><input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>View Code
项目名:LibraryManager
APP名: APP01:
LibraryManager文件中:
__init__:
import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
View Code
setting配置:
MIDDLEWARE = ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ]
第四行注释
TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},},
]DIRS填写路径
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'LibraryManager.wsgi.application'# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql','NAME': 'library','USER': 'root','PASSWORD': '','HOST': '127.0.0.1','PORT': 3306,}
}DATABASES填写信息
STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static') ]
STATIC_URL下面填写
urls.py:
"""LibraryManager URL ConfigurationThe `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views1. Add an import: from my_app import views2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^publisher/',views.publisher_list),url(r'^add_publisher/',views.add_publisher),url(r'^del_publisher/',views.del_publisher),url(r'^edit_publisher/',views.edit_publisher),
]View Code
APP01文件中:
admin.py:
from django.contrib import admin# Register your models here.
View Code
apps.py:
from django.apps import AppConfigclass App01Config(AppConfig):name = 'app01'
View Code
models.py:
from django.db import modelsclass Publisher(models.Model):id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)name = models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True)def __str__(self):return self.name
View Code
views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from app01 import modelsdef publisher_list(request):# 从数据库中获取所有的数据:publisher_obj_list = models.Publisher.objects.all().order_by('-id')return render(request,'publisher_list.html',{'publishers':publisher_obj_list})# 添加出版社
# def add_publisher(request):
# add_name,err_msg = '',''
# if request.method=='POST':
# add_name = request.POST.get('new_name')
# pub_list = models.Publisher.objects.filter(name=add_name)
# if add_name and not pub_list:
# models.Publisher.objects.create(name=add_name)
# return redirect('/publisher/')
# if not add_name:
# err_msg='不能为空'
# if pub_list:
# err_msg='出版社已存在'
# return render(request,'add_publisher.html',{'err_name':add_name,'err_msg':err_msg})# 添加出版社
def add_publisher(request):if request.method == 'POST': #选择提交方式add_name = request.POST.get('new_name') #获取新添加的名字赋值给add_nameif not add_name: #如果名字不存在为空return render(request, 'add_publisher.html', {"err_name": add_name, 'err_msg': '不能为空'})pub_list = models.Publisher.objects.filter(name=add_name) #过滤添加的name在不在Publisher表里if pub_list: # 如果存在表里return render(request, 'add_publisher.html',{"err_name":add_name,'err_msg':'出版社已存在'})models.Publisher.objects.create(name=add_name) #创建新内容(相当于前面有个else,函数遇见return结束函数,所以不用写else,如果没有return ,必须写else)return redirect('/publisher/') #返回跳转页面return render(request,'add_publisher.html')#删除出版社
def del_publisher(request):#获取要删除的对象iddel_id = request.GET.get('id')del_list = models.Publisher.objects.filter(id=del_id)#筛选删除的id在Publisher里if del_list:#删除满足条件的所有对象
del_list.delete()return redirect('/publisher/')else:return HttpResponse('删除失败')#编辑出版社
def edit_publisher(request):#获取要编辑的对象idedit_id = request.GET.get('id')edit_list = models.Publisher.objects.filter(id=edit_id)#筛选要编辑的id在Publisher里赋值给左边err_msg = ''if request.method == 'POST':edit_name = request.POST.get('new_name')#获得输入新的出版社的名字print(edit_name,type(edit_name))check_list = models.Publisher.objects.filter(name=edit_name)#判断在不在原来的表里if edit_name and edit_list and not check_list:edit_obj = edit_list[0]edit_obj.name = edit_name #新的出版社赋值给要编辑的出版社edit_obj.save() # 保存在数据库中return redirect('/publisher/')if check_list:err_msg = '出版社已存在'if not edit_name:err_msg = '出版社不能为空'if edit_list:edit_obj = edit_list[0] #从表里获取的return render(request,'edit_publisher.html',{'old_obj':edit_obj,'err_msg':err_msg})else:return HttpResponse('数据不存在')View Code
templates文件夹中:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>添加出版社</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加出版社</h1>
<form action="" method="post"><p>名称：<input type="text" name="new_name" value="{{ err_name }}"></p><span>{{ err_msg }}</span><button>提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>add_publisher.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>编辑出版社</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>编辑出版社</h1>
<form action="" method="post"><p>名称：<input type="text" name="new_name" value="{{ old_obj.name }}"></p><span>{{ err_msg }}</span><button>提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>edit_publisher.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/add_publisher/">添加出版社</a>
<table border="1"><thead><tr><th>序号</th><th>ID</th><th>出版社名称</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody>{% for publisher in publishers %}<tr><td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td><td>{{ publisher.id }}</td><td>{{ publisher.name }}</td><td><a href="/del_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}"><button>删除</button></a><a href="/edit_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}"><button>编辑</button></a></td></tr>{% endfor %}</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>publisger_list.html
manage.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sysif __name__ == "__main__":os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "LibraryManager.settings")try:from django.core.management import execute_from_command_lineexcept ImportError:# The above import may fail for some other reason. Ensure that the# issue is really that Django is missing to avoid masking other# exceptions on Python 2.try:import djangoexcept ImportError:raise ImportError("Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and ""available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you ""forget to activate a virtual environment?")raiseexecute_from_command_line(sys.argv)View Code
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ls13691357174/p/9598219.html
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